CBSE

ELECTRICITY WS 8
Class 10 - Science

Section A
1. Assertion (A): Tungsten metal is used for making filaments of incandescent lamps. [1]
Reason (R): The melting point of tungsten is very low.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

2. Assertion (A): When more current flows to an electrical equipment it shows more heating of the same. [1]
Reason (R): Heat flow is directly proportional to the square of current only.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

3. Assertion (A): Alloys are commonly used in electrical heating devices, like electrical iron, toasters etc. [1]
Reason (R): Alloys do not oxidize (burn) readily at high temperatures.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

4. Assertion (A): The coil of a heater is cut into two equal halves and only one of them is used into heater. The [1]
heater will now require half the time to produce the same amount of heat.
Reason (R): The heat produced is directly proportional to square of current.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

5. Assertion (A): Fuse wire must have high resistance and low melting point. [1]
Reason (R): Fuse is used for small current flow only.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

6. Assertion (A): In a chain of bulbs, 50 bulbs are joined in series. One bulb is removed now and circuit is [1]
completed again. If the remaining 49 bulbs are again connected in series across the same supply, then light gets
decreased in the room.
Reason (R): Net resistance of 49 bulbs will be less than 50 bulbs.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the

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 explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

7. Assertion (A): At high temperatures, metal wires have a greater chance of short-circuiting. [1]
Reason (R): Both resistance and resistivity of a material vary with temperature.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

8. Assertion (A): Electric appliances with metallic body have three connections, whereas an electric bulb has a [1]
two-pin connection.
Reason (R): Three-pin connections reduce the heating of connecting wires.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

9. Assertion (A): When a battery is short-circuited, the terminal voltage is zero. [1]
Reason (R): In the situation of a short-circuit, the current is zero.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

10. Assertion (A): The electric bulbs glow immediately when the switch is on. [1]
Reason (R): The drift velocity of electrons in a metallic wire is very high.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

11. Assertion (A): A torch bulb gives light if operated on AC of the same voltage and current as DC. [1]
Reason (R): The heating effect is common to both AC and DC.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

12. Assertion (A): The wires supplying current to an electric heater are not heated appreciably. [1]
Reason (R): Resistance of connecting wires is very small and H ∝ R.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

13. Match the following with the correct response: [1]

Column A Column B

(i) Volt × Coulomb (a) J oule

Sec

Q
(ii) Volt × Ampere (b) t

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 (iii) W × s (c) V × C

(iv) C oulomb

Second
(d) Joule

a) (i) - (b), (ii) - (d), (iii) - (a), (iv) - (c) b) (i) - (c), (ii) - (b), (iii) - (d), (iv) - (a)

c) (i) - (d), (ii) - (a), (iii) - (c), (iv) - (b) d) (i) - (a), (ii) - (c), (iii) - (b), (iv) - (d)
14. An electric iron of resistance 20 Ω takes a current of 5A. Calculate the heat developed in 30s. [1]
15. Why is the tungsten used almost exclusively for filament of electric lamps? Explain. [1]
16. Nichrome is used to make the element of electric heater. Why? [1]
17. What do you understand by the term fuse in an electric circuit? [1]
18. Write the relation between heat energy produced in a conductor when a potential difference V is applied across [1]
its terminals and a current I flows through it for time t.
19. Write the formula for the heat produced (H) when a current (I) is passed through a conductor of resistance (R) [1]
for (t) second.
20. A torch bulb when cold has a resistance of 2.5 Ω . It draws a current 450 mA, when connected to a 6 V battery [1]
and glows brightly. Calculate the resistance of the bulb when glowing and explain the reason for the difference
in resistance.
Section B
21. Match the following: [2]

(a) Bulb filament (i) Nichrome

(b) Heating element of electric Iron (ii) Potential difference

(c) Super conductor (iii) Zero resistivity

(d) EMF (iv) Tungsten

22. Alloys are used in electrical heating devices rather than pure metals. Give reason. [2]
23. Heat is generated continuously in an electric heater, but the temperature of its element becomes constant after [2]
some time. Why?
24. Three 2 Ω resistors, A, B and C, are connected as shown in figure. Each of them dissipates energy and can [2]
withstand a maximum power of 18 W without melting. Find the maximum current that can flow through the
three resistors?

25. Why is lead-tin alloy used for fuse wires? [2]

26. A heater coil is rated 100 W, 200 V. It is cut into two identical parts. Both parts are connected together in parallel [2]
to the same source of 200 V. Calculate the energy liberated per second in the new combination.
27. B1, B2 and B3 are three identical bulbs connected as shown in figure. When all the three bulbs glow, a current of [2]
3A is recorded by the ammeter A.

What happens to the reading of A1, A2, A3 and A when the bulb B2 gets fused?

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28. What is meant by Joule's heating ? [2]
29. Though the same current flows through line wires and the filament of a bulb, yet only the latter glows. Why? [2]
30. Name three important effects produced by electric current. [2]
31. Should the heating element of an electric iron be made of iron, silver or nichrome wire? Justify giving three [2]
reasons?
32. Radhika is a student of class X. Her mother was making tea in an old electric kettle having metal case. When she [2]
switched on the power supply to the electric kettle. She got a severe electric shock. Radhika put off the main
switch quickly and found that the connecting cord was torn, where her mother touched the metal case of the
kettle. She also found that the red and black wires of connecting cord were firmly connected to the two lower
terminals of the power plug but the green wire of cord was not connected to the upper terminal of the plug.
Radhika replaced the torn connecting cord and also connected to the three wires of cord firmly to the power plug
terminals.
On the basis of the above passage, answer the following questions:
i. Why did Radhika put off the main switch quickly?
ii. Which wire red, black or green, touched the metal case of electric kettle when Radhika's mother got electric
shock?
iii. What values are displayed by Radhika in this incident?

33. a. Write Joule’s law of heating. [2]

b. Two lamps, one rated 100 W; 220 V, and the other 60 W; 220 V, are connected in parallel to electric mains
supply. Find the current drawn by two bulbs from the line, if the supply voltage is 220 V.
34. Two conducting wires of the same material and of equal lengths and equal diameters are first connected in series [2]
and then in parallel in an electric [Link] ratio of heat produced in series and parallel combinations would be
(a) 1:2
(b) 2:1
(c) 1:4
(d) 4:1
35. How does the use of fuse wire protect electrical appliances? [2]
36. 100 J of heat is produced each second in a 4Ω resistance. Find the potential difference across the resistor. [2]
37. Why does an electric bulb become dim when an electric heater in parallel circuit is switched on? Why does [2]
dimness decrease after some time?
38. State the energy conversion taking place in the following electric appliances: [2]
a. Electric heater,
b. Electric motor,
c. Loud-speaker,
d. Electrolysis

39. a. Write the mathematical expression for Joule's law of heating. [2]
b. Compute the heat generated while transferring 96000 coulomb of charge in two hours through a potential
difference of 40 V.
40. B1, B2 and B3 are three identical bulbs connected as shown in figure. When all the three bulbs glow, a current of [2]

3A is recorded by the ammeter A.

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 How much power is dissipated in the circuit when all the three bulbs glow together?
41. Why are the heating elements of electric toasters and electric irons made of an alloy rather than a pure metal? [2]
42. An electric heater of resistance 8 Ω draws 15 A from the service mains 2 hours. Calculate the rate at which heat [2]
is developed in the heater.
43. Why is the tungsten metal more coiled in the bulb and not installed in straight parallel wire form? [2]
44. Mention two special features of the material used as an element of an electric iron. [2]
45. Compute the heat generated while transferring 96,000 coulomb of charge in one hour through a potential [2]
difference of 50V.
46. What is Joule’s heating effect? How can it be demonstrated experimentally? List its four applications in daily [2]
life.
47. Why does the connecting cord of an electric heater not glow while the heating element does? [2]
48. Why does the cord of an electric heater not glow while the heating element does? [2]
Section C
49. i. When a 12 V battery is connected across an unknown resistor, there is a current of 2.5 mA in the circuit. Find [3]
the value of the resistance of the resistor?
ii. 320J of heat is produced in 10 s in a 2Ω resistor. Find the amount of current flowing through the resistor.
50. A battery E is connected to three identical lamps P, Q and R as shown in figure: [3]

Initially the switch S is kept open and the lamp P and Q are observed to glow with same brightness. Then switch
S is closed. How will the brightness of the glow of bulbs P and Q will change? Justify your answer.
51. a. Two electric lamps rated 100 W,220 V and 60 W,220 V are connected in parallel to electric mains supply. [3]
Calculate the current drawn from the mains if the supply voltage is 220 V?
b. A lamp consumes 50 W and is lighted 2 h daily in month of April. How many units of electric energy is
consumed ?

52. a. State Joule's law of heating. Express it mathematically when an appliance of resistance R is connected to a [3]
source of voltage V and the current I flows through the appliance for a time t.
b. A 5Ω resistor is connected across a battery of 6 volts. Calculate the energy that dissipates as heat in 10s.
53. A heater coil connected to 200 V has a resistance of 80Ω . If the heater is plugged in for the time t such that 1 kg [3]
of water at 20°C attains a temperature of 60°C. Find
i. the power of heater.
ii. the heat absorbed by water and the value of t in seconds.
54. In the figure given below, a simple electric motor is shown: [3]

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 As shown in the figure, the current in the coil ABCD flows from A to B in the arm AB and C to D in the arm
CD.
a. State the directions in which the arms AB and CD will experience a force.
b. Identify the part of the electric motor that reverses the flow of current in the coil ABCD and write its name.
c. After the reversal of the flow of current in the coil ABCD, state the directions in which the arms AB and CD
will experience a force.
d. Name the rule which is applied to determine the direction of force on a current carrying conductor placed in
a magnetic field.
55. In an electrical circuit, two resistors of 2 Ω and 4 Ω are connected in series to a 6 V battery. Find the heat [3]
dissipated by the 4Ω resistor in 5s.
56. i. Several electric bulbs designed to be used on a 220V electric supply line are rated 10W. How many lamps [3]
can be connected in parallel with each other across the two wires of 220V line if the maximum allowable
current is 5A?
ii. A heater coil connected to 200 V has a resistance of 80Ω . If the heater is plugged in for the time t such that 1
kg of water at 20°C attains a temperature of 60°C. Find the power of the heater and the heat absorbed by
water.

57. i. An electric motor takes 5A from a 220V line. Determine the power of the motor and the energy consumed in [3]
2 h.
ii. An electric heater of resistance 8 Ω draws 15A from service mains for 2 hours. Calculate the rate at which
heat is developed in the heater.

58. i. An electric iron consumes energy at a rate of 840 W when heating is at the maximum rate and 360 W when [3]
the heating is at the minimum rate. The applied voltage is 220 V. What is the value of current and the
resistance in each case?
ii. Which uses more energy, a 250 W TV set for 1 hour or a 1,200 W toaster for 10 minutes?

59. a. What is the heating effect of electric current? [3]

b. Write an expression for the amount of heat produced in a resistor when an electric current is passed through
it stating the meanings of the symbols used.
c. Name two appliances based on heating effect of electric current.
Section D
Question No. 60 to 63 are based on the given text. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [4]
We know that a battery or a cell is a source of electrical energy. The chemical reaction within the cell generates the
potential difference between its two terminals that sets the electrons in motion to flow the current through a resistor or a
system of resistors connected to the battery. To maintain the current, the source has to keep expanding its energy. Where
does this energy go? A part of the source energy in maintaining the current may be consumed for useful work (like in
rotating the blades of an electric fan). The rest of the source energy may be expended in heat to raise the temperature of

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the gadget. We often observe this in our everyday life. For example, an electric fan becomes warm if used continuously
for a long time, etc. On the other hand, if the electric circuit is purely resistive, that is, a configuration of resistors only
connected to a battery; the source energy continually gets dissipated entirely in the form of heat. This is known as the
heating effect of electric current. This effect is utilized in devices such as an electric heater, electric iron, etc.

60. Explain Joule's heating law.

61. In practical situations, when an electric appliance is connected to a known voltage source, then how does the heating
effect of electric current can be calculated?
62. Write the relation between heat energy produced in a conductor when a potential difference V is applied across its
terminals and a current I flows through for t.
63. Two identical wires one of nichrome and the other of copper are connected in series and a current (I) is passed through
them. State the change observed in the temperatures of the two wires.
Question No. 64 to 67 are based on the given text. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [4]
The heating effect of current is obtained by transformation of electrical energy into heat energy. Just as mechanical
energy used to overcome friction is covered into heat, in the same way, electrical energy is converted into heat energy
when an electric current flows through a resistance wire. The heat produced in a conductor, when a current flows
through it is found to depend directly on (a) strength of current (b) resistance of the conductor (c) time for which the
current flows.
The mathematical expression is given by H = I2Rt.
The electrical fuse, electrical heater, electric iron, electric geyser etc. all are based on the heating effect of current.
64. What are the properties of heating element?
65. What are the properties of electric fuse?
66. When the current is doubled in a heating device and time is halved, what will be the heat energy produced?
67. A fuse wire melts at 5 A. It is desired that the fuse wire of same material melt at 10 A. Find the new radius of the wire?
Question No. 68 to 71 are based on the given text. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [4]
The electrical energy consumed by an electrical appliance is given by the product of its power rating and the time for
which it is used. The SI unit of electrical energy is Joule. Actually, Joule represents a very small quantity of energy and
therefore it is inconvenient to use where a large quantity of energy is involved. So for commercial purposes, we use a

bigger unit of electrical energy which is called kilowatt-hour. 1 kilowatt-hour is equal to 3.6 × 106 joules of electrical
energy.
68. The energy dissipated by the heater is E. When the time of operating the heater is doubled, what would be the energy
dissipated?
69. The power of a lamp is 60 W. What will be the energy consumed in 1 minute?
70. The electrical refrigerator rated 400 W operates 8 hours a day. The cost of electrical energy is ₹5 per kWh. Find the cost
of running the refrigerator for one day.
71. Calculate the energy transformed by a 5 A current flowing through a resistor of 2Ω for 30 minutes.
72. Read the following and answer any four questions: [4]
A battery is a source of electrical energy. The chemical reaction within the cell generates the potential difference

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 between its 2 terminal that sets the electron in the motion to flow the current through the resistor for the steady
current I, the amount of heat H produce in time T is H = VIT applying ohm's law, we get joule's law of heating.
The heating effect of electric current has many useful applications such as electric laundry iron, toaster etc.
Another common application of joules heating is a fuse.
i. Joule's law of heating implies that heat production in a resistor is:
a. directly proportional to the square of current for a given resistor
b. directly proportional to resistance for a given current
c. directly proportional to time for which current flow through the resistor
d. all of these
ii. Joule's law of heating is:

a. H = IR2T

b. H = I2RT
c. H = IRT2
d. H = IRT
iii. The melting point of tungsten is:
a. 3380°C
b. 4450°C
c. 3370°C
d. 3350°C
iv. The bulbs are usually filled with:
a. chemically inactive nitrogen
b. argon gases
c. both (a) and (b)
d. none of these
v. The fuse is placed in ________ with the device.
a. series
b. parallel
c. perpendicular
d. diagonal
Section E
73. Obtain an expression for the heat produced in a conductor when a voltage V is applied across it. Heating effect [5]
of electric current is desirable as well as undesirable. Explain this statement.
74. Although electric kettle and electric toaster were used simultaneously in the kitchen to prepare breakfast for the [5]
family, yet the two devices could work efficiently due to fuse used in the electric circuit.
i. What is a fuse? Write the material used in fuse wires. How is a fuse connected in an electric circuit?
ii. State the ratings of fuse used in electric circuits.
iii. What is the function of a fuse? How does it perform its function?
iv. A device uses 1 kW electric power when operated at 220 V. Calculate the rating of the fuse to be used.

75. i. For the combination of resistors shown in the following figure, find the equivalent resistance between M & [5]
N.

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ii. State Joule’s law of heating.
iii. Why we need a 5 A fuse for an electric iron which consumes 1 kW power at 220 V?
iv. Why is it impracticable to connect an electric bulb and an electric heater in series?

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