Grade 3
Grade 3
Math Module
UNIT #2
UNIT #2
Multiplication and Division
Multiplication and Division
Name:
Class:
Hi Mat
Hi Math
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Get ready to celebrate! We are almost at the end of our second
big math adventure, which was all about Multiplication and
Division. You have learned so much!
In this module, you will find all the cool ideas we learned about
multiplying and dividing. Plus, lots and lots of fun practice
exercises!
These exercises are optional! That means it's totally up to you
if you want to do them. (But I really, really suggest you use this
time to practice and get your brain ready! A little practice
makes a big difference!)
Make sure to read all the concepts first and do practice
exercises in this module or use the interactive games that I will
be posting in Microsoft teams.
I am so proud of all your hard work!
Keep shining and happy learning everyone!
Ms. Steff
Ms. Steff
Table of Contents
Lesson #1: Understanding Multiplication as Equal
Groups
Lesson #2: Properties of Multiplication and
Multiplying numbers by Multiples of 10
Lesson #3: Multiplication Facts for 6, 7, 8, and 9
Lesson #4: Multiplying 2-digit number by 1-digit
number
Lesson #5: Understanding Division as Sharing and
Grouping
Lesson #6: Multiplication and Division as Inverse
Operations
Lesson #7: Solving word problems
Lesson 1: Understanding Multiplication
as Equal Groups
Equal groups means they have the same number of items in each group.
This is not an example of an equal group. This is an example of an equal group.
PRACTICE! Put a check mark if it shows an example of equal groups.
A multiplication array is a visual representation of multiplication facts using rows
and columns.
A row is a line of things that go side to side.
A column is a line of things that go up to down.
PRACTICE! Write the number of rows and columns based on the pictures.
number of rows: _____ number of rows: _____ number of rows: _____
number of columns: _____ number of columns: _____ number of columns: _____
Writing addition and multiplication sentence using arrays.
First, we need to know how many rows and columns are there in an array.
Now, we are going to write an addition sentence by
adding the number of dragonflies in each row.
Addition Sentence: 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 24
When we write a multiplication sentence we need to
how many dragonfly are there in each equal groups.
There are 4 groups of 6 dragonflies.
There are 4 rows and 6 columns. Multiplication Sentence: 4 x 6 = 24
PRACTICE! Write an addition and multiplication sentence based on the pictures.
number of rows: _____ number of rows: _____
number of columns: _____ number of columns: _____
Addition Sentence: Addition Sentence:
I see groups of . I see groups of .
Multiplication Sentence: Multiplication Sentence:
number of rows: _____ number of rows: _____
number of columns: _____ number of columns: _____
Addition Sentence: Addition Sentence:
I see groups of . I see groups of .
Multiplication Sentence: Multiplication Sentence:
ONLINE PRACTICE! Check Microsoft Teams for interactive and fun practice
games!
Lesson 2: Properties of Multiplication
In math, rules are called properties.
COMMUTATIVE PROPERTY
In commutative property, numbers change places or travel.
2x3=6 3 x 2 =6
When you change or switch the order of the factors, the product stays the same.
So, we can write it like 2 x 3 = 3 x 2 to show that they are the same.
ASSOCIATIVE PROPERTY
In associative property, numbers hang out with different friend groups.
2x4 2x4 2x4
3x2 3x2 3x2 3x2
(3 x 2) x 4 3 x (2 x 4)
(6) x 4 3 x (8)
24 24
When you change the grouping of the factors, the product stays the same.
Remember, numbers don’t switch or move places. Only the parenthesis moves!
So, we can write it like (3 x 2) x 4 = 3 x (2 x 4) to show that they are the same.
DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY
In distributive property, numbers are cut into smaller groups and distributed to everyone.
4 x 8 = 32 4 x 5 = 20
4 x 3 = 12
20 + 12 = 32
(4 x 5) + (4 x 3) = 32
When you break or cut a number into smaller groups, you have to multiply them to everyone
then plus them altogether. This will be very helpful in multiplying bigger numbers!
So, we can write it like 4 x (5 + 3) = (4 x 5) + (4 x 3) to show that they are the same.
PRACTICE! Use the properties of multiplication to find the missing numbers.
Use commutative property to complete the multiplication sentence.
9x = 72 3x6= x3 7x8=8x7=
9x8 = 5x =7x 9x6= x 9 = 54
Use associative property to complete the multiplication sentence.
(4 x 2) x 6 = 4 x (2 x 6) (5 x 3) x 7 = 5 x (3 x 7) (9 x 2) x 3 = 9 x (2 x 3)
(8) x 6 = 4 x (12) = =
48 = 48 = =
Use distributive property to complete the multiplication sentence.
Multiples of 10 are numbers like 10, 20, 30, 40, and so on.
It is like skip-counting by 10.
When multiplying by any multiple of ten, the product will always end in zero.
The number of zeroes in the product is the same as the total number of zeroes in the
factors.
8 x 70 = ? 9 x 700 = ? 60 x 900 = ?
8 x 7 tens = ? 9 x 7 hundreds = ? 60 x 9 hundreds = ?
8 x 70 = 560 9 x 700 = 6,300 60 x 900 = 54,000
PRACTICE! Find the product.
ONLINE PRACTICE! Check Microsoft Teams for interactive and fun practice
games!
Lesson 3: Multiplication Facts of 6, 7, 8, and 9
Multiplication is repeated addition of equal groups.
When we multiply two or more numbers
(factors), the answer is called as a
product.
factors product
PRACTICE! Complete the multiplication sentence by writing the missing numbers.
4x9 = 7x = 56
6x8 = 8x = 24
5x7 = R x 6 = 30
9x3 = x 9 = 54
3x6 = 4x = 28
8x9 = 6x = 60
7x7 = 7x = 21
6x7 = x 9 = 45
ONLINE PRACTICE! Check Microsoft Teams for interactive and fun practice
games!
Multiplying 2-digit number by
Lesson 4: 1-digit number
Let’s look at how we can multiply 2-digit number by 1-digit number.
Say, we need to find the product of 29 and 6.
Now, we can multiply 6 to the
When we multiply 2-digit Multiply 6 to the ones digit. tens digit. Remember to plus
number, we must line up the R is 54, we
Since the answer the carry over from the first
numbers according to their need to regroup 5 to the regrouping. Then, we can
place value. tens place. bring down the carry over in
the hundreds place.
PRACTICE! Find the product of the following factors.
82 21 75 93 36
x7 x8 x9 x2 x3
57 63 72 18 33
x4 x5 x6 x7 x8
ONLINE PRACTICE! Check Microsoft Teams for interactive and fun practice
games!
Understanding Division as
Lesson 5: Sharing and Grouping
Division is breaking a number into equal
parts or groups to find out how many equal
groups can be made.
When we divide numbers, the answer is
called as a quotient.
Let’s look at how we can share and group numbers.
Share the apple into 3 groups. Share among 5 groups.
12 3=4 20 4=5
R
PRACTICE! Divide the following into equal groups.
Share the cupcakes equally between 8 Share the cupcakes equally between 7
children. children.
= =
ONLINE PRACTICE! Check Microsoft Teams for interactive and fun practice
games!
Multiplication and Division
Lesson 6: as Inverse Operations
108
Inverse operations are just a way to undo a math 9 12
problem.
9 7 63
For multiplication (x) and division (÷), they are
opposites that can check each other.
7 9 63
63 9 7
63 7 9
PRACTICE! Complete the facts family.
50 24 72 48
5 10 4 6 R 8 9 8 6
36 56 28 27
4 9 7 8 4 7 9 3
ONLINE PRACTICE! Check Microsoft Teams for interactive and fun practice
games!
Lesson 7: Solving word problems
When we solve word problems, it is important to know the keywords.
multiplication keywords division keywords
product divide
times shared equally
groups of share
each split
every into groups
multiplied by distributed
PRACTICE! Solve the following word problems using multiplication and division.
For a school event, 64 students were divided into 8 equal teams for a quiz. How
many students were in each team?
If there are 7 days in a week, how many days are there in 8 weeks?
R
Miss Liza bought 5 pizzas for a party. Each pizza was cut into 12 slices. If each
person at the party gets 3 slices of pizza, how many people are at the party?
Jennie bought 6 packs of pencils, with each pack containing 8 pencils. She wants
to give her friends as much as she has. If she has 3 friends, how many pencils will
each friend get?
ONLINE PRACTICE! Check Microsoft Teams for interactive and fun practice
games!