National University of Singapore
Department of Mathematics
Semester 1, 2022/23 MA2001 Linear Algebra I Tutorial 11
Questions of this tutorial worksheet will be discussed in the tutorial classes in Week 13
(7/11 - 11/11).
You are advised to revise Chapter 7 before attempting the questions.
Questions
1. Let Q(x1 , x2 , x3 ) = (x1 − x̄)2 + (x2 − x̄)2 + (x3 − x̄)2 where x̄ = 31 (x1 + x2 + x3 ).
2 1 1
− − x1
3 1 2 3 3
1
(a) Show that Q(x1 , x2 , x3 ) = x1 x2 x3 − 3 3
− x2 .
3
1
−3 − 13 2 x3
3
(b) Rewrite Q(x1 , x2 , x3 ) in the form as described in Discussion 6.4.4. (Read also
Example 6.4.5.)
2. Which of the followings are linear transformations? Write down the standard
matrix for each of the linear transformations.
2 2 x x x
(a) T1 : R → R such that T1 = for ∈ R2 .
y 2x y
2 2 x 2 x
(b) T2 : R → R such that T2 = for ∈ R2 .
y 1 y
x 0 x
(c) T3 : R → R such that T3 y = y − x for y ∈ R3 .
3 3
z y−z z
(d) T4 : Rn → R such that T4 (x) = xT Ay for x ∈ Rn where A = (aij )n×n is a
constant matrix and y = (y1 , y2 , . . . , yn )T is a constant vector.
(e) T5 : Rn → R such that T5 (x) = xT Ax for x ∈ Rn where A = (aij )n×n is a
constant matrix.
(In Parts (d) and (e), R is regarded as R1 .)
3. Let T : R3 → R2 be a linear transformation such that
1 0 1
T (u) = , T (v) = and T (w) =
0 1 1
where S = {u, v, w} is a basis for R3 .
1
Suppose we know that
1 1 1
[e1 ]S = 0 , [e2 ]S = 0 and [e3 ]S = −2
1 −1 1
where {e1 , e2 , e3 } is the standard basis for R3 .
Find the standard matrix for T and write down the formula of T .
4. Let T : R5 → R4 be a linear transformation with the standard matrix
1 2 3 4 5
2 4 2 4 2
.
−1 −2 −3 −2 −1
0 0 4 2 4
(a) Find a basis for the range of T.
(b) Find a basis for the kernel of T.
(c) Use this example to verify the Dimension Theorem for Linear Transformation.
5. Let T : Rn → Rm and S : Rm → Rn such that S ◦ T = I where I : Rn → Rn is the
identity mapping.
(a) Show that R(S) = Rn .
(b) Show that Ker(T ) = {0}.
(c) Suppose n = m and A is the standard matrix for T . Find the standard
matrix for S.