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Vocabulary and Grammar Exercises Guide

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
13 views2 pages

Vocabulary and Grammar Exercises Guide

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Đức Trung
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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Access 4 – Module 2a

Task 1: Vocabulary Matching – Match the word to its meaning

Vocabulary Definition

1. come to a conclusion A. A thin, dry piece of grass used as bedding for animals or for making baskets

2. experiment B. To do a task or action, especially one that requires skill or effort

3. straw C. To decide something after thinking carefully about all the facts

4. safe and sound D. The act of testing a scientific idea to discover something new

5. permission E. A person who travels in a vehicle but is not driving it

6. perform F. To be unharmed and in good condition after a dangerous situation

7. passenger G. Official approval to do something

Task 2: Fill in the blanks – Complete the sentences with the correct word from task 1

1. The brothers decided to ________________ with heat and smoke to see how they affected the
balloon.
2. The animals returned _______________________ after the first flight.
3. The first flight with human _________________ took place in Paris in 1783.
4. After observing the smoke, Joseph _______________________ that heat could make things rise
into the air.
5. The Montgolfier brothers wanted to ________________ a successful flight demonstration.
6. They burned some ________________ under the balloon to help it float.
7. The brothers asked the king for ________________ to send men up in the balloon.

Task 3: Complete each sentence with the correct form of the verb in brackets.

1. Yesterday afternoon, I __________________ my homework, __________________


dinner, and __________________ TV before going to bed. (do / have / watch)
2. While my mother __________________ dinner, my father __________________ the
dishes in the kitchen. (cook / wash)
3. They __________________ along the street when it suddenly __________________ to
rain heavily. (walk / start)

1
Access 4 – Module 2a

4. At 8 p.m. last night, we __________________ for the test while our teacher
__________________ the classroom. (review / check)
5. She __________________ a shower when the phone __________________
unexpectedly. (take / ring)
6. The children __________________ outside while their parents __________________ in
the living room. (play / talk)
7. He __________________ his bag, __________________ the door, and
__________________ the house in a hurry. (grab / close / leave)
8. We __________________ TV when there __________________ a loud knock at the
door. (watch / be)
9. While I __________________ for the bus, I suddenly __________________ an old
friend. (wait / see)
10. At that time yesterday, the students __________________ quietly while the teacher
__________________ the lesson. (sit / explain)

Task 4: Choose the correct preposition. Check in the Word List. Then complete the sentences

1. Joseph was curious with/about ___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

2. What happened to/with the pieces of paper was ______________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

3. This made him think of/about a craft ______________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

4. He started experimenting for/on __________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

5. The first hot-air balloon was made of/from _________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

6. The passengers on the first flight consisted with/of ___________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

Common questions

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Conducting a successful flight demonstration involved several challenges and considerations, including the safe operation of the balloon, ensuring it could rise and descend appropriately, and convincing onlookers and officials of its safety and reliability. The brothers had to effectively manage the heat source (straw) and navigate the inherent risks of early aviation without established safety protocols. Securing permission from authorities added complexity, signifying the need for coordination and compliance with regulations .

Using animals in early flights had significant ethical and safety implications. It allowed the Montgolfier brothers to assess the feasibility and safety of flight without human risk, highlighting a cautious and scientific approach to experimentation. Success with animals likely provided critical data on environmental conditions in flight and contributed to public and official confidence in this new transportation method, enhancing the ethical framework for early aviation trials .

The Montgolfier brothers demonstrated critical thinking and problem-solving skills by hypothesizing that heat could cause lift and designing experiments to test this hypothesis. Their decision to use straw as a heat source for their balloon, and their observation of the effects of smoke, show a structured approach to solving the problem of flight. By seeking permission and executing successful demonstrations, they also tackled logistical and regulatory challenges, highlighting their comprehensive problem-solving abilities .

The Montgolfier brothers' work exemplifies the interplay between observation, experimentation, and conclusion essential in scientific research. Their initial observation of smoke led to the hypothesis that heat causes lift. Experimentation with straw under a balloon formed the basis for testing this hypothesis, leading to successful flight demonstrations. This iterative process reflects a scientific methodology where conclusions are drawn from repeated observations and experiments, reinforcing or refining the initial hypothesis .

The occurrence of the first human flight in Paris in 1783 marked a significant technological leap in transportation, introducing the concept of air travel. It shifted societal perceptions about human capability, leading to interest and investment in aviation technology. This innovation paved the way for further advancements in travel, eventually changing how societies viewed time and distance, and contributed to the future development of commercial aviation .

Joseph Montgolfier's realization that heat could make objects rise was influenced by his observation of smoke. This understanding was pivotal as it led to the essential principle needed for creating a functioning hot-air balloon. By correlating the rising smoke with the potential for flight, he laid the groundwork for further experiments with heat as the primary mechanism for achieving lift .

Safety played a critical role in early human flights, as indicated by the fact that the animals returned safe and sound after the first flight. This outcome likely built confidence in the safety of such ventures and encouraged further experimentation. Ensuring that human passengers were unharmed after flights would have been crucial in convincing the public and authorities of the feasibility and safety of ballooning .

The relationship between experimentation and discovery is clearly illustrated in the Montgolfier brothers' balloon experiments. Through experimentation with heat and materials like straw, they discovered that hot air could lift a balloon. This iterative process of trial and error, observation, and adjustment embodies the essence of scientific exploration and underscores the importance of experimentation in achieving groundbreaking discoveries .

Obtaining official permission was crucial for the Montgolfier brothers as it legitimized their experiments and allowed them to send men up in the balloon, which was a significant step toward human flight. It indicates the importance of regulatory approval in the introduction of new technologies, ensuring safety and governance during experimentation .

The Montgolfier brothers, Joseph and Étienne, contributed significantly to the development of hot-air ballooning by conducting experiments with heat and smoke to understand their effects on flight. They observed that heat could make things rise into the air, a conclusion Joseph came to after observing smoke . They utilized straw, which they burned under a balloon, to generate the heat necessary for it to float, thereby demonstrating the principles of buoyancy and thermal lift in hot-air balloon flights .

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