THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
A) Name the following:
1. The formation of new individuals by sexual or asexual means – Reproduction.
2. The male gamete – Sperm.
3. The female gamete – Egg or ovum.
4. The primary reproductive parts in males – testis
5. The primary reproductive parts in females – ovary.
6. The thin- walled sac of skin in which testes is present – scrotum.
7. Sperm producing cells- seminiferous tubules.
8. The process through which sperm is produced – spermatogenesis.
9. The cells which produces the male hormones – interstitial cells or Leydig cells.
10. The male hormone – Testosterone.
11. The ducts joining the epididymis – efferent ducts.
12. The cap like structure present on the top of testis – epididymis.
13. The duct that arises from the epididymis and joins the urethra – sperm duct or vas deferens.
14. The structures which stores sperms – epididymis.
15. The canal which helps in the descent of the testis – inguinal canal.
16. The accessory glands of males – Seminal vesicles, prostate gland and bulbo-urethral gland.
17. A mixture of sperms and secretions from seminal vesicles, prostrate, cowper’s gland-semen.
18. The sac like structure which contains the egg or ovum – follicle.
19. The mature follicle or the follicle which contains the mature egg – Graafian follicle.
20. The process by which the ova producing cells produce the ovum – oogenesis.
21. The rupture of the follicle releasing the egg – ovulation.
22. The remnant of the follicle after the release of the ovum from the graafian follicle-
Corpus luteum.
23. The structure which secretes the female hormone – corpus luteum.
24. The female hormones – oestrogen and progesterone.
25. The hormone secreted prior to ovulation – Oestrogen.
26. The hormone which prepares the uterus for receiving the embryo – progesterone.
27. The uterine tubes – oviduct or the fallopian tubes.
27. The funnel shaped structures at the end of the oviducts – oviducal funnel.
28. The two valves present in females – labia minora and labia majora.
29. The period in which the male and female reproductive organs mature – puberty.
30. The onset of menstruation in female – menarche.
31. The permanent stoppage of menstruation – menopause.
32. The union of the male gamete and the female gamete to form the zygote – fertilisation.
33. The enzyme secreted by the acrosome of the sperm – hyaluronidase.
34. The chromosome number of sperm – 22+X OR 22+Y.
35. The chromosome number of egg – 22+X.
36. The stage formed after the formation of the zygote in the uterus – blastocyst.
37. The process by which the blastocyst gets fixed in the walls of the uterus – implantation.
38. The stage after the implantation or the state of carrying the unborn young one inside
the body – pregnancy.
39. The growing egg after fertilization or after zygote stage – embryo
40. The stage when the embryo looks like a baby – foetus.
41. The full term for the development of the embryo in the uterus – gestation.
42. Disc like structure attached to the uterine wall OR the part of the uterus which acts as the
endocrine gland OR The structure that secretes the female hormones in pregnancy stage
PLACENTA.
43. The cord connecting the placenta and foetus – umbilical cord.
44. The finger like projection in the placenta – villi.
45. The set of the villi which is an extension from the embryo – allantois.
46. The sac which develops around the embryo – amnion.
47. The fluid present in between the amnion and the embryo – amniotic fluid.
48. Giving birth to a baby – parturition.
49. The part where fertilization takes place – fallopian tube.
B. Learn the following orders [it can be in the opposite ways, all are already arranged]
1. Uterus wall, placenta, allamtois, chorion, amnion, amniotic fluid, foetus
2. fertilization, implantation, gestation, parturition.
3. Egg, zygote, morula, blastocyst, embryo, foetus, infant.
4. Ovary, oviduct, uterus, vagina, valve.
5. Menstrual cycle, follicular phase, ovulatory phase, luteal phase.
6. Testis (or seminiferous tubules), efferent ducts, epididymis, sperm duct (or vas deferens)
Seminal vesicle, prostate gland, bulbo-urethral gland, urethra.
[N.B. If any other uncommon term is there within these above terms that can be the odd one out]