ESSAY
Objective
• Upon the Successful completion the
students would understand a narrative
writing its types and its element and
difference between a narrative and moral
story.
To warm up READ this essay
• TOPIC : “Looking outside my window”
Looking outside my window got bird, got boy. Boy eat
bird, bird die. I see a rainbow outside. I am happy
because it is beautiful. I see children playing with ball
outside. All kind of balls. Football, basketball, baseball,
and ballball.
My mom and dad came into my room and sit beside
me on my bed. They look outside the window too. My
mom is sitting on my right and my dad is sitting on my
left. They are happy that I am happy.
Suddenly some sparrows flew past. Our family dog
then jumped out of the window to catch some birds.
Our dog is very active dog. He eats a lot. He is an
active dog who eats a lot. This is why he is active.
however, he is not a very clever dog because he is
mad. When he jumped out of the window to catch the
birds, he forget that our family lives on the 25th floor.
Dog die, me sad.
My mom is talking to me but I continue looking at the
window. She screams but I still look outside the
window. We are sad, but happy because the rainbow
is still in the sky. This is an exciting day outside my
window.
Purpose of writing an essay
• The purpose of your essay is determined by your
goal as a writer as well as your subject matter.
• Your goal is to give your audience information
they don’t already have.
• Your job is to report facts, not provide your
thoughts on the subject.
What is narrative
Narrative is writing that connects ideas, concepts or
events. The definitions below show three important
aspects of narration in storytelling:
It connects events, showing their patterns, relating
them to each other or to specific ideas, themes or
concepts.
It is a practice and art in that when we tell a story, we
shape the narrative – the connection between events.
What is narrative
• Narrating a story involves shaping events around
an overarching set of aims or effects (whether
consciously or unconsciously). For example, in a
comedic narrative, the overarching aim is to
surprise/shock or otherwise lead the audience or
reader to be amused.
What is narrative
Here are three definitions of narrative, via the
Oxford English Dictionary, that illustrate the
above ideas:
A spoken or written account of connected events;
a story.
The practice or art of telling stories.
A representation of a particular situation or process
in such a way as to reflect or conform to an
overarching set of aims or values.
Types of Narrative
Descriptive narrative
Viewpoint narrative
linear narrative
Nonlinear narrative
The 6 Elements of Narrative
• Everyone enjoys a good story. Telling a good
story, however, isn’t as easy at it seems. It takes
dedication to the craft, a willingness to learn and
understand the different elements and
techniques, and a heck of a lot of practice.
Regardless of genre or style, however, all good
stories have six common elements.
Setting
• The setting is the time and location in which your
story takes place. Settings can be very specific, but
can also be more broad and descriptive. A good,
well-established setting creates an intended mood
and provides the backdrop and environment for your
story.
• Example 1: July 21st, 1865 – Springfield, Missouri –
Town Square – 6pm.
• Example 2: A tired little cottage on a lonely night.
Characters
• A story usually includes a number of characters,
each with a different role or purpose. Regardless
of how many characters a story has, however,
there is almost always a protagonist and
antagonist.
Characters
• Central Characters: These characters are vital to the
development of the story. The plot revolves around them.
• Protagonist: The protagonist is the main character of a story.
He or she has a clear goal to accomplish or a conflict to
overcome. Although protagonists don’t always need to be
admirable, they must command an emotional involvement
from the audience.
• Antagonist: Antagonists oppose protagonists, standing
between them and their ultimate goals. The antagonist can be
presented in the form of any person, place, thing, or situation
that represents a tremendous obstacle to the protagonist.
Plot
• The plot is the sequence of events that connect
the audience to the protagonist and their
ultimate goal.
• Example: A group of climbers plan to escort
paying clients to the summit of Mt. Everest.
• There is always a clear goal. In this case, it’s to
get the paying clients safely up the mountain
and return them to basecamp unharmed.
Conflict
• The conflict is what drives the story. It’s what creates tension and
builds suspense, which are the elements that make a story
interesting. If there’s no conflict, not only will the audience not care,
but there also won’t be any compelling story to tell.
• Example 1: “We climbed Mt. Everest without issue.”
• Without some sort of conflict, there’s no story. It’s just a statement.
As an audience member, I think, “Oh, cool. Sounds like fun. Did you
take any photos?”
• Example 2: “We attempted to climb Mt. Everest and were
suddenly hit with an unexpected storm, causing our team to
become dispersed with zero visibility and a lack of oxygen,
ultimately leading to the death of 13 people.”
Theme
• The theme is what the story is really about. It’s the main
idea or underlying meaning. Often, it’s the storyteller’s
personal opinion on the subject matter. A story may have
both a major theme and minor themes.
• Major Theme: An idea that is intertwined and repeated
throughout the whole narrative.
• Minor Theme: An idea that appears more subtly, and
doesn’t necessarily repeat.
Narrative Arc
• A strong story plot has a narrative arc that has four
required elements of its own.
• Setup: The world in which the protagonist exists
prior to the journey. The setup usually ends with the
conflict being revealed.
• Rising Tension: The series of obstacles the
protagonist must overcome. Each obstacle is
usually more difficult and with higher stakes than the
previous one
Narrative Arc
• Climax: The point of highest tension, and the
major decisive turning point for the protagonist.
• Resolution: The conflict’s conclusion. This is
where the protagonist finally overcomes the
conflict, learns to accept it, or is ultimately
defeated by it. Regardless, this is where the
journey ends.
Conclusion
• While every story is different, a successful one
captivates its audience and inspires an
emotional response. As humans, we love to be
entertained, and storytelling is universally
accessible. Learning to craft a compelling story
by engaging an active audience is the art of
storytelling.
THANK YOU…………..