Paper 1: Research methods and Legal Writing
UNIT 1 - An Introduction to Legal Research: Evolution, Scope and Nature,
Meaning, objectives of Legal Research, Different kinds of Legal Research.
a. Doctrinal or Traditional Research
b. Non-doctrinal or Empirical Research.
c. Descriptive and Analytical Research.
d. Applied and Fundamental Research.
e. Quantitative and Qualitative Research.
f. Historical Research.
g. Sociological Research
h. Socio-legal Research
UNIT 2 - Doctrinal Legal Research and Methodology: Meaning and Nature,
Method and methodology, scientific method, Research Process
Methods of Investigation: Scientific Method of Investigation, Case Study Method
of Investigation, Survey Method of Investigation, Experimental Method of
Investigation, Discussion Method of Investigation, Philosophical Method of
Investigation.
UNIT 3 Non Doctrinal-Empirical Legal Research and Methodology: Meaning
and Nature, Research Process
Data Collection Techniques: Primary Data Method: Observation, Interviews,
Questionnaire, Schedules
Secondary Data Method: Significance of Secondary Data, Evaluating Secondary
Data, Sources of Secondary Data
Sampling Procedures: Importance of Sampling. , Advantages and Limitations of
Sampling, Theoretical basis of Sampling, Types of Sampling, Probability and Non-
probability Sampling, Sampling and Non-sampling Error.
Data Processing: Introduction, Editing, Coding, Tabulation, Analysis and
Interpretation of Data, application of Content Analysis in Legal Research, Analysis
of Aggregate Data, Data Interpretation and Report writing, Collection and Analysis
Data, Legal input Analysis, the Ideal and the practicable.
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UNIT 4 -Tools of Legal Research: Library, Books, Law Reports, Law
Commission Reports, Legislative and Constitutional Assembly Reports, Law
journals, Computer and Internet, Legal Research and Law Reforms
Paper 2: Law and Justice in Globalizing World
UNIT 1 - Legal Globalization and Global Justice
a. Meaning of "globalization" in a contemporary context
b. Introduction to the Increasing Globalization of Law
c. The Global Justice Movement
d. Normative Framework Addressing the Function, Scope, and Content of
Justice in Globe
UNIT 2 - Legal Implementation of Global Justice
a. Treaties and the Role of Customary International Law
b. Institutional Structure and Procedures, including Enforcement
• International Implementation System (E.g., International Court of Justice,
International Criminal Court, United Nations, World Bank, IMF, WTO);
• Regional Implementation System (E.g., Inter-American Court, European
Court of Justice, European Court of Human Rights)
UNIT 3 - Human Rights and Humanitarian Law
a. War, Terrorism & Genocide, and Humanitarian Intervention;
b. Migration, Refugees, Asylums, and Movement of People Across Borders;
c. Alien Tort Claims Act and Fighting Human Rights Abuses Across Borders;
d. Universal Jurisdiction for Crimes Against Humanity/War Crimes;
UNIT 4 - Law and Economic Justice
a. Global Poverty;
b. Inclusion and Equity for Vulnerable Groups;
c. Labor Issues Including Outsourcing and Shifting Labor Markets;
d. Global Justice and Trade;
e. Regulation of Financial Markets, Systems and Infrastructure
Law and Social Justice
a. Equality and Minority Rights (E.G., Women and Human Rights);
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b. Environment & Natural Resources;
c. Climate Change;
d. Anti-Corruption
Paper 3: Comparative Systems of Governance
UNIT 1 - The nature and Scope of Comparative Law
a. Historical development of Comparative Law
b. Notions, Methods and Types of Comparison
c. Contemporary Traditions of Law:
Capitalist/bourgeois Law
Socialist Law
"Third World" Law
UNIT 2 - World’s Major Legal Systems: An Overview
a. Unification of the World Law
b. Tools of Comparative Law
c. Constitutional Law – Common Law, Civil Law
d. Legislative Mechanism - Common Law, Civil Law
e. Typology of Federalism – USA, India
UNIT 3 - Comparative Criminal Law – Common law, Civil law
a. Domestic Violence – International, National
b. Provisions relating to Rape
c. Plea Bargaining – USA, India
d. White Collar Crimes
e. Juvenile Justice
UNIT 4 - Comparable Areas in "Third World" Law:
a. Comparative studies of emergency and constitutionalism
b. Comparative legislative process
c. Comparative judicial process
d. Comparative studies of gender justice
e. Comparative studies of environmental law
f. Comparative studies to access to law
g. Comparative Public Interest Litigation – US, India