Welcome to the New lesson of Playtronix "Fixed Timer IC".
Let's begin with the most important section of this lesson, Where we will put our
brains to work.
But before that, let's first look at the prerequisites of this lesson. This course
is designed for students, who are: Familiar with building Circuits and the concept
of capacitors and resistors.
Now, Let's look at what will we learn after this lesson. Upon completion of this
lesson, we will be able to: Understand the significance of Integrated Circuits
(ICs) As it is an important component in electronic devices. and with this we learn
to Identify the components and functionality of Timer ICs, understanding how they
generate precise timing signals. Apart from that we will also Learn to apply the
knowledge of Timer ICs from making a blinking LED circuit using the Timer IC.
Today, we're going to explore an essential aspect of electronics: timing circuits.
Ever wondered how traffic lights seamlessly transition from red to green and back
again, all at just the right moments? It's quite intriguing, isn't it? Well, that's
where timing circuits come into play. Timing circuits are one of the greatest
inventions in electronics, responsible for coordinating events at precise
intervals. They have applications ranging from small components in gadgets to the
intricate systems of large machines.
Now before getting in to the IC timer circuits first let's understand about IC's.
IC's are nothing but the Integrated Circuits. wHICH ABBRIVATED AS "IC" in short
form. Integrated Circuits, are like the building blocks of modern electronics.
They're tiny chips that contain thousands or even millions of electronic
components, such as transistors and resistors, all packed onto a single silicon
wafer. These components work together to perform various functions, ranging from
amplifying signals to processing data.
You can find ICs everywhere, from your phone to your computer, and even in kitchen
appliances. They're like the brains of your devices, making everything work
smoothly.
Now, let's focus on a specific type of IC called the Timer IC. A Timer IC is a
specialized integrated circuit designed to generate accurate timing signals or
control timing functions in electronic circuits. It consists of several components,
including comparators, resistors, and capacitors, all integrated onto a single
chip. These components work together to produce precise timing pulses.
Next Let's see the working principle of the IC TIMER
SO Consider this circuit where we have an IC timer connected to a battery with a
LED, and we have an external resistor which is of 1k ohms. Now, the working
principle of the IC timer involves charging and discharging a capacitor through
this external resistor. When the capacitor voltage reaches certain threshold
levels, the output of the Timer IC changes state, producing a timing pulse. By
adjusting the values of the external resistor and capacitor, we can control the
timing characteristics of the circuit. Hence, we can see the output as the LED
blinking in accordance with the timing signals generated by the IC timer.
By adjusting the value of the potentiometer resistor, we can control the timings of
the delay in the blinking of the LED, as it directly influences the charging and
discharging rates of the capacitor in the IC timer circuit.
Now, let's recall our knowledge about potentiometers.
As we discussed in our previous lesson, a potentiometer, commonly referred to as a
"pot," is a three-terminal variable resistor. It plays a crucial role in electronic
circuits by allowing manual adjustment of resistance. The potentiometer consists of
three key components: a resistive element, a wiper, and two terminals.
The resistive element, typically made of materials like carbon or cermet,
determines the maximum resistance of the potentiometer. The wiper is a movable
contact that slides along the resistive element, serving as the adjustable output
terminal. By turning the knob or shaft of the potentiometer, users can select their
desired resistance value.
With three terminals, one connected to each end of the resistive element and the
third to the wiper, the resistance of the potentiometer varies depending on the
wiper's position. When the wiper is at one end, it offers less resistance, whereas
moving it towards the other end increases resistance. This mechanism enables
precise control over resistance, which in turn regulates parameters such as the
charging and discharging rates of capacitors in circuits like the one described
earlier. Hence, adjusting the potentiometer in the IC timer circuit allows for
fine-tuning of the timing characteristics, influencing the blinking pattern of the
LED.
Now coming BACK to the Timer IC's.
Timer ICs have numerous applications in electronics. They are commonly used in
timing circuits, pulse generators, oscillators, and waveform generators. For
example, they can be used to create blinking LED circuits, generate square waves
for digital communication, control motor speed, and trigger electronic devices at
precise intervals.
Now that we have a solid understanding of Timer ICs, let's dive into today's
lesson: creating a blinking LED circuit using a fixed resistor to control timing.
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Now let's see what did we learn? We have learnt about, the importance of Integrated
Circuits (ICs) as crucial components in electronic devices. With this, we have also
learnt ABOUT the components and functionality of Timer ICs, comprehending their
role in generating precise timing signals.
Additionally, we've learned to construct a timer IC circuit using a timer IC
module.
Now Lets see the task for the day. Our task for today is to,
Our task for today is to use a Timer IC module to construct a blinking LED circuit.
Now lets see the Components used in our Circuit.
One Power module, One Timer IC module, One Potentiometr, one LED, and Ten jumper
wires. with this we also need a Power bank and a USB type C cable to power the
circuit.
Now, Let's see the plan of Action.
Now we are aware of the supplies we will need, we must follow a plan that will
helps us accomplish our task.
Design the circuit diagram in the designing sheet. This is crucial for us to
understand how to connect the components.
Once we have successfully designed our circuit, we will observe the LED blinking at
a predetermined rate, indicating the successful operation of the Timer IC module.
Let's sketch our Circuit.
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First connect positive end of the Power module to the positive pin of the Timer IC,
using a Jumper Cable. Then, connect the Negative end of the Power module to the
Negative pin of the Timer IC. Next from the resistors pins of the Timer IC connect
the first pin to the pin number 1 of the Potentiometer. Then connect the second pin
to the pin number 3 of the Potentiometer. Now from the Output pin of the Timer IC
connect it to the Positive pin of the LED. Then from this end Negative pin of the
Timer IC connect it to Negative pin of the LED.
Now this completes the Circuit connection.
Next to check the output we need to connect this circuit to the Power bank using a
USB Type C cable.
Now, our circuit is completed.
But, while doing the circuit, it's important to remember the polaritys of the
components. So make the connections as per the circuit design. If we connect them
in wrong, it can lead to component damage. So, be careful to ensure the right
connections for proper circuit operation.
Now, Let's see what have we learnt? We have now learnt about. Hardware supplies and
Circuit design.
Now, its time to dive into the most enjoyable part of this lesson, where we will
put both our brain and hands to work and create something new. Now before we start
building the model, let's look at our mission for the day.
Our mission for today consists of two parts.
First, connect the components as per our circuit design, and then connect the power
source to our circuit.
Next, explore how the fixed resistor controls the blinking intervals of the LED.
Now, let's start constructing the circuit. But before we proceed, let's review our
circuit design. This is our circuit design, and now let's build our circuit as per
the circuit design.
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Now to make the circuit connection we need one Power module , one timer IC, One
Potentiometer and one LED. Next to connect theme we need the Jumper cables.
Let's start the connection by taking the Power Module. After taking a Power Module,
take one jumper wire and connect it to its Positive terminal.
Next, take one more jumper wire and connect it to the neagive terminal of the Power
module. Then take this Timer IC and connect the positerminal jumper wire to it's
positive terminal and the neagive teerminal jumper wire to its neagtive terminal
like this. Next take one jumper wire and connect it to the first pin in the
resistor pins of the timer IC. Then take this Potentiometer and connect the other
end of this wire to the first pin of the pot. Next coming to the second resistors
pin take one jumper wire and connect it to the second pin. Then connect the other
end of the jumper wire to the pin number three of the POT.
Continueing this circuit next take one more jumper wire and connect it to the
output pin of the timer IC. Next take one LED and connect the ohter end of this
jumper wire to the positive terminal of the LED. Next take one last jumper wire and
connect it to the negative pin of the LED. Then connect the other end of the jumper
wire to the other side negative pin of the timer IC.
So, this completes the circuit construction, and now we need to power this circuit.
To power the circuit, take a power bank and a USB type-C cable. Next, connect the
USB cable to the power bank like this.
Then connect the USB cable to the power module like this. Now we have powered the
circuit.
After powering the circuit, we can observe the LED blinking. This blinking is
caused by the timer IC, which controls the charging and discharging of a capacitor
within its circuit. Through an external resistor, Which here is the potentiometer.
When the capacitor within the timer IC charges and discharges. then the voltage
across this capacitor reaches certain threshold levels, causing the output of the
timer IC to change. These changes directly influence the LED's behavior, causing it
to blink accordingly. Additionally, we can manipulate the timing of the LED's
blinking by adjusting the resistance value using the potentiometer. Increasing the
resistance prolongs the time delay between each blink, offering control over the
blinking frequency. Conversely, decreasing the resistance shortens the delay,
providing flexibility in adjusting the blinking pattern.
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Now, let's see what have we learnt? We have learnt about Timer IC circuit
construction and Comprehending the concept of generateing precise timing signals.
Let's Dive into the most fun section of the lesson. Where we evolve our knowlede
and skills by solving some awsome challenges.
We have now successfully completed our task and know:
How to make Timer IC circuit.
How to operate Timer IC circuit.
Now use this knowledge to complete the challenge task.
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Your Challenge is to: Using a multimeter, measure the output frequency for
different resistance values obtained by adjusting a potentiometer in a variable
frequency oscillator circuit given below. Record the output frequency values for
each resistance setting and apply the formula T = 1 / f to convert the recorded
frequency into time period (T). Analyze the relationship between resistance values
and frequency, as well as the corresponding time periods, to understand how the
oscillator's frequency varies with resistance.
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Wish to learn more,
Click on this below link to learn more about Delayed switch circuit.
And with this we have reached to the end of this lesson. see you in the next, until
then, make crazy, play crazy.