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Heart Anatomy and Blood Circulation

The heart has two sides: the right side receives oxygen-poor blood from systemic veins, while the left side receives oxygen-rich blood from pulmonary veins. Blood flows through the heart via atrioventricular and semilunar valves, which prevent backflow and can be affected by conditions like gingivitis. The aorta branches into various arteries that supply blood to different organs, with the abdominal aorta further branching to deliver blood to the kidneys, intestines, and reproductive organs.

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3 views1 page

Heart Anatomy and Blood Circulation

The heart has two sides: the right side receives oxygen-poor blood from systemic veins, while the left side receives oxygen-rich blood from pulmonary veins. Blood flows through the heart via atrioventricular and semilunar valves, which prevent backflow and can be affected by conditions like gingivitis. The aorta branches into various arteries that supply blood to different organs, with the abdominal aorta further branching to deliver blood to the kidneys, intestines, and reproductive organs.

Uploaded by

isabelavillanuevad
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Heart Structure and Basic Circulation

 The right side of the heart receives blood from the systemic veins.
 Oxygen-poor blood enters the right atrium.
 The left side of the heart receives blood from the pulmonary veins.
 Oxygen-rich blood enters the left atrium.
 Blood in the atria enters the ventricles through the atrioventricular valves.
 The AV valves are held closed by the chordae tendinae.
 Incompetent valves may “regurgitate” and allow blood to flow backwards.
 Bacteria from gingivitis can grow on these valves.
 Blood exits the ventricles through the semilunar valves.
 The right ventricle pumps oxygen-poor blood out the pulmonary artery.
 The left ventricle pumps oxygen-rich blood out the aorta.
 Valves in the heart prevent backflow. If a valve is not working properly, the heart has to work harder to
compensate and can weaken over time.

The AORTA has many branches:

 The coronary arteries deliver oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle.


 The Brachiocephalic artery delivers blood to the right arm and the right side of the brain.
 The left common carotid artery delivers blood to the left side of the brain.
 The left subclavian artery delivers blood to the left arm.

Beneath the diaphragm the aorta is called the ABDOMINAL AORTA. It too has many branches:

 The celiac trunk delivers blood to the liver, stomach and spleen.
 The superior mesenteric artery delivers blood to the small intestine and part of the large intestine.
 The renal arteries deliver blood to the kidneys.
 The gonadal artery delivers blood to the ovaries or the testes.
 The inferior mesenteric artery delivers blood to the large intestine.

The abdominal aorta branches at the bottom of the torso to form the COMMON ILIAC arteries.

 The internal iliac arteries deliver blood to the pelvic organs.


 The external iliac arteries deliver blood to the hips and then is called the
 Femoral arteries which deliver blood to the upper legs, and then is called

Blood drains from all these organs into veins which return to the right side of the heart.

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