Aptitude Number systems
Question and Answer
Problems on Numbers Formulae
1. (a + b)(a - b) = (a2 - b2)
2. (a + b)2 = (a2 + b2 + 2ab)
3. (a - b)2 = (a2 + b2 - 2ab)
4. (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(ab + bc + ca)
5. (a3 + b3) = (a + b)(a2 - ab + b2)
6. (a3 - b3) = (a - b)(a2 + ab + b2)
7. (a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc) = (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 +
c2 - ab - bc - ac)
8. When a + b + c = 0, then a3 + b3 + c3 =
3abc.
1. Find the number, when 15 is subtracted from 7 times the number, the result is 10
more than twice of the number
1. 5
2. 15
3. 7.5
4. 4
5.
Answer And Explanation
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Let the number be x.
7x -15 = 2x + 10 => 5x = 25 => x = 5
2. Sum of a rational number and its reciprocal is 13/6. Find the number
1. 2
2. 3/2
3. 4/2
4. 5/2
Answer And Explanation
Answer: Option B
Composed By Syed Ghaffar Hussain Shah 0304-7618489, 0304-3699249 Page 1
Explanation:
\begin{aligned} => x + \frac{1}{x} = \frac{13}{6} \end{aligned}
\begin{aligned} => \frac{x^2+1}{x} = \frac{13}{6} \end{aligned}
\begin{aligned} => 6x^2-13x+6 = 0 \end{aligned}
\begin{aligned} => 6x^2-9x-4x+6 = 0 \end{aligned}
\begin{aligned} => (3x-2)(2x-3) \end{aligned}
\begin{aligned} => x = 2/3 or 3/2 \end{aligned}
3. find the number, difference between number and its 3/5 is 50.
1. 120
2. 123
3. 124
4. 125
5.
Answer And Explanation
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Let the number = x,
Then, x-(3/5)x = 50,
=> (2/5)x = 50 => 2x = 50*5,
=> x = 125
4. The sum of the squares of three numbers is 138, while the sum of their products
taken two at a time is 131. Their sum is
1. 15
2. 20
3. 25
4. 35
Answer And Explanation
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Let the numbers be a, b and c.
Then,
\begin{aligned}
a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = 138
\end{aligned}
and (ab + bc + ca) = 131
\begin{aligned}
(a + b + c)^2 = a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + 2(ab + bc + ca)
\end{aligned}
= 138 + 2 x 131 = 400
\begin{aligned}
=> (a + b + c) = \sqrt{400} = 20.
\end{aligned}
5. If one third of one fourth of number is 15, then three tenth of number is
1. 34
2. 44
3. 54
4. 64
Answer And Explanation
Composed By Syed Ghaffar Hussain Shah 0304-7618489, 0304-3699249 Page 2
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Let the number is x,
\begin{aligned}
\frac{1}{3} of\frac{1}{4} * x = 15
\end{aligned}
\begin{aligned}
=> x = 15\times 12 = 180
\end{aligned}
\begin{aligned}
=> so \frac{3}{10} \times x = \frac{3}{10} \times 180 = 54
\end{aligned}
6. A number is doubled and 9 is added. If resultant is trebled, it becomes 75. What is
that number
1. 8
2. 10
3. 12
4. 14
Answer And Explanation
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
=> 3(2x+9) = 75
=> 2x+9 = 25
=> x = 8
7. Find a positive number which when increased by 17 is equal to 60 times the
reciprocal of the number
1. 17
2. 15
3. 8
4. 3
Answer And Explanation
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
If the number is x,
Then, x + 17 = 60/x
x2 + 17x - 60 = 0
(x + 20)(x - 3) = 0
x = 3, -20, so x = 3 (as 3 is positive)
8. The product of two numbers is 120 and the sum of their squares is 289. The sum of
the number is
1. 20
2. 23
3. 27
4. 150
Answer And Explanation
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
We know
Composed By Syed Ghaffar Hussain Shah 0304-7618489, 0304-3699249 Page 3
\begin{aligned}
(x + y)^2 = x^2 + y^2 + 2xy
\end{aligned}
\begin{aligned}
=> (x + y)^2 = 289 + 2(120)
\end{aligned}
\begin{aligned}
=> (x + y) = \sqrt{529} = 23
\end{aligned}
Composed By Syed Ghaffar Hussain Shah 0304-7618489, 0304-3699249 Page 4