A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the speaker.

The first is the broad area of communication, which includes imparting

information by use of language, communicating with a group or an individual,
and specialized communication through performance. A person conveys
thoughts and ideas through choice of words, by a tone of voice that is pleasant
or unpleasant, gentle or harsh, by the rhythm that is inherent within the
language itself, and by speech rhythms that are flowing and regular or uneven
and hesitant, and finally, by the pitch and melody of the utterance. When
speaking before a group, a person's tone may indicate unsureness or fright,
confidence or calm. At interpersonal levels, the tone may reflect ideas and
feelings over and above the words chosen, or may hide them. Here the
speaker’s tone can consciously or unconsciously reflect emotional sympathy or
antipathy, lack of concern or interest, tiredness, anxiety, enthusiasm or
excitement, all of which are usually observable by the critical listener. Public
performance is a manner of communication that is highly specialized with its
own techniques for obtaining effects by voice and /or gesture. The motivation
derived from the text, and in the case of singing, the music, in combination
with the performer's skills, personality, and ability to create empathy will
determine the success of artistic, political, or pedagogic communication.
Second, the voice gives psychological clues to a person's self-image, perception
of others, and emotional health. Self-image can be indicated by a tone of voice
that is confident, pretentious, shy, aggressive, outgoing, or energetic, to name
only a few personality traits. Also the sound may give a clue to the front or
mask of that person, for example, a shy person hiding behind an overconfident
front. How a speaker perceives the listener's receptiveness, interest, or sympathy
in any given conversation can drastically change the tone of presentation, by
encouraging or discouraging the speaker. Emotional health is evidenced in the
voice by free and melodic sounds of the happy, by constricted and harsh sound
of the angry, and by dull and lethargic qualities of the depressed.
Question 1: What does the passage mainly discuss?
*
1 điểm
A. The function of the voice in performance
B. The connection between voice and personality Toàn bài nói về cách giọng nói
phản ánh tính cách, cảm xúc, và trạng thái tâm lý của người nói.

C. Communication styles
D. The production of speech
Question 2: What does the author mean by stating that, "At interpersonal
levels, tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words
chosen"?*
1 điểm
A. Feelings are expressed with different words than ideas are.
B. The tone of voice can carry information beyond the meaning of words.
“Over and above the words chosen” nghĩa là vượt lên trên, nhiều hơn nội dung từ ngữ.

C. A high tone of voice reflects an emotional communication.

D. Feelings are more difficult to express than ideas.
Question 3: The word "Here" refers to ______.
*
1 điểm
A. interpersonal interactions “Here” chỉ bối cảnh “at interpersonal levels”

B. the tone
C. ideas and feelings
D. words chosen
Question 4: The word "derived" is closest in meaning to _______.*
1 điểm
A. discussed
B. prepared
C. registered
D. obtained “Derived from” = thu được, có được từ.

Question 5: Why does the author mention "artistic, political, or pedagogic

communication"? *
1 điểm

A. As examples of public performance Ba loại này được nêu như ví dụ của giao tiếp
trình diễn trước công chúng.

B. As examples of basic styles of communication

C. To contrast them to singing
D. To introduce the idea of self-image
Question 6: According to the passage, an energetic tone of voice, may be an
indication of a person's ______.*
1 điểm
A. general physical health
B. personality Văn bản liệt kê "energetic" là một trong những "personality traits" (đặc
điểm tính cách).

C. ability to communicate
D. vocal quality
Question 7: According to the passage, an overconfident front may
hide______.*
1 điểm
A. hostility
B. shyness Dẫn chứng: "a shy person hiding behind an overconfident front" (người nhút
nhát ẩn mình sau vẻ ngoài tự tin quá mức).

C. friendliness
D. strength
Question 8: The word "drastically" is closest in meaning to______.*
1 điểm
A. frequently
B. exactly
C. severely drastically = severely (một cách quyết liệt/mạnh mẽ/đáng kể).

D. easily
Question 9: The word "evidenced" is closest in meaning to _______.
*
1 điểm
A. questioned
B. repeated
C. indicated evidenced = indicated (được chứng minh/được biểu thị bởi).

D. exaggerated
Question 10: According to the passage, what does a constricted and harsh
voice indicate?*
1 điểm
A. Lethargy
B. Depression
C. Boredom
D. Anger Dẫn chứng: "...by constricted and harsh sound of the angry" (âm thanh nghẹn lại
và gay gắt của người đang giận dữ).

READING PASSAGE 2

You should spend about 15 minutes on Questions 11-20, which are based
on Reading Passage 2.
The first peoples to inhabit what today is the southeastern United States
sustained themselves as hunters and gathers. Sometimes early in the first
millennium A.D., however, they began to cultivate corn and other crops.
Gradually, as they became more skilled at gardening, they settled into
permanent villages and developed a rich culture, characterized by the great
earthen mounds they erected as monuments to their gods and as tombs for their
distinguished dead. Most of these early mound builders were part of the Adena-
Hopewell culture, which had its beginnings near the Ohio River and takes its
name from sites in Ohio. The culture spread southward into the present-day
states of Louisiana, Alabama, Georgia, and Florida. Its peoples became great
traders, bartering jewelry, pottery, animal pelts, tools, and other goods along
extensive trading networks that stretched up and down eastern North America
and as far west as the Rocky Mountains. About A.D. 400, the Hopewell culture
fell into decay. Over the next centuries, it was supplanted by another culture,
the Mississippian, named after the river along which many of its earliest
villages were located. This complex civilization dominated the Southeast from
about A.D. 700 until shortly before the Europeans began arriving in the
sixteenth century.

At the peak of its strength, about the year 1200, it was the most advanced
culture in North America. Like their Hopewell predecessors, the Mississippians
became highly skilled at growing food, although on a grander scale. They
developed an improved strain of corn, which could survive in wet soil and a
relatively cool climate, and also learned to cultivate beans. Indeed, agriculture
became so important to the Mississippians that it became closely associated
with the Sun – the guarantor of good crops. Many tribes called themselves
"children of the Sun" and believed their omnipotent priest-chiefs were
descendants of the great sun god.
Although most Mississippians lived in small villages, many others inhabited
large towns. Most of these towns boasted at least one major flat-topped mound
on which stood a temple that contained a sacred flame. Only priests and those
charged with guarding the flame could enter the temples. The mounds also
served as ceremonial and trading sites, and at times they were used as burial
grounds.
Question 11: What does the passage mainly discuss?*
1 điểm
A. The development of agriculture
B. The locations of towns and villages
C. The early people and cultures of the United States Bài đọc trình bày tổng
quan về các nền văn hóa cổ ở miền Đông Nam Hoa Kỳ (Adena-Hopewell và
Mississippian).

D. The construction of burial mounds

Question 12: Which of the following resulted from the rise of agriculture in
the southeastern United States?*
1 điểm
A. The development of trade in North America
B. The establishment of permanent settlements Khi bắt đầu trồng trọt, họ định cư
lâu dài trong các làng cố định (“settled into permanent villages”).

C. Conflicts with other Native American groups over land

D. A migration of these peoples to the Rocky Mountains.
Question 13: What does the term "Adena-Hopewell" designate?*
1 điểm
A. The early locations of the Adena-Hopewell culture. Tên gọi xuất phát từ các
địa điểm khảo cổ ở Ohio (“takes its name from sites in Ohio”).

B. The two most important nations of the Adena-Hopewell culture.

C. Two former leaders who were honored with large burial mounds.
D. Two important trade routes in eastern North America.
Question 14: The word "bartering" is closest in meaning
to_____________.*
1 điểm
A. producing
B. exchanging Bartering = trao đổi hàng hóa (không dùng tiền).

C. transporting
D. loading
Question 15: The word "supplanted" is closest in meaning
to_______________________.*
1 điểm
A. conquered
B. preceded
C. replaced Supplanted = bị thay thế bởi.

D. imitated
Question 16: According to the passage, when did the Mississippian culture
reach its highest point of development?*
1 điểm
A. About A.D. 400
B. Between A.D. 400 and A.D. 700
C. About A.D. 1200 “At the peak of its strength, about the year 1200…”

D. In the sixteenth century

Question 17: According to the passage, how did the agriculture of the
Mississippians differ from that of their Hopewell predecessors?*
1 điểm
A. The Mississippians produced more durable and larger crops of food. →
Họ trồng giống ngô cải tiến, sống được ở đất ẩm và khí hậu mát → quy mô lớn hơn.
"on a grander scale... improved strain of corn... survive in wet soil"

B. The Mississippians sold their food to other groups.

C. The Mississippians could only grow plants in warm, dry climates.
D. The Mississippians produced special foods for their religious leaders.
Question 18: Why does the author mention that many Mississippians tribes
called themselves "children of the Sun"?*
1 điểm
A. To explain why they were obedient to their priest-chiefs.
B. To argue about the importance of religion in their culture. Mặt Trời được
coi là đảm bảo mùa màng, cho thấy nông nghiệp cực kỳ quan trọng.

C. To illustrate the great importance they placed on agriculture.

D. To provide an example of their religious rituals.
Question 19: The phrase "charged with" is closest in meaning
to__________.*
1 điểm
A. passed on
B. experienced at
C. interested in
D. assigned to Charged with = được giao nhiệm vụ

Question 20: According to the passage, the flat-topped mounds in

Mississippian towns were used for all of the following purposes
EXCEPT__________.*
1 điểm
A. religious ceremonies
B. meeting places for the entire community Gò đất dùng cho tôn giáo, thương
mại, nghi lễ, chôn cất, không phải nơi họp cộng đồng.

C. sites for commerce

D. burial sites
READING PASSAGE 3
You should spend about 15 minutes on Questions 21-30, which are based
on Reading Passage 3

The first 35 years of motion picture history are called the silent era, even though
films were accompanied by the music of pianists or organists or small
orchestras of house musicians, because there was no practical means for
recording and playing back recorded dialogue or music in synchronization
with the reel of film. Films of this era progressed from very basic to much more
elaborate in the years 1894 to 1928 that booked the era of silent films. The films
of this era can quite logically be divided into three phases: the primitive era
(1894- 1907), the transitional era (1908- 1917), and the mature era (1918-
1928).

The primitive era began when the Kinetograph and the Kinetoscope, inventions
created in Thomas Edison’s New Jersey laboratory in 1892 to film and to view
short sequences respectively, were used to create and present 30-second
vignettes of novelty acts in U.S. and European cities in 1894. (A) An alternative
to Edison’s equipment, the Cinematographe, was developed by Auguste and
Louis Lumiere, the Cinematopgraphe was a camera that was lighter than
Edison’s and could be easily converted into a projector, and it was this machine
that turned the motion picture into a worldwide phenomenon. (B) The Lumieres
held the first public screening of their motion pictures in Paris in 1895. (C) For
the next few years, the films created were rather short and primitive, each film
consisted of a single shot from a lone stationary viewpoint. (D)

The period from 1908 to 1917 was known as the transitional era. In this era,
motion pictures changed from a primitive form of recreation to a well-respected
part of popular culture. Actors developed in their ability to convey ideas
without words, and creative intertitles provided commentary and narrative
between sections of frames. Filming techniques were developed, with the
introduction of such stylistic devices as close-ups and long shots. Films became
much longer, and the film topics expanded considerably from the earlier scenes
of real life to include film adaptations of popular and classic literature plays.
During this period, newspapers also began carrying reviews of films so that
audiences would know which films were worth seeing. By 1917, a major shift
in the film industry had occurred. France had been the world’s leading exporter
of films prior to World War I, but the war had decimated the film industry in
France. By 1917, the United States had assumed leadership in the motion
picture industry, and the sleepy town of Hollywood, California, which had been
used as a winter shooting site for filmmakers from the East Coast as early as
1907, had become the seat of the filmmaking industry. By 1920, Hollywood
boasted a clique of movie stars with worldwide fame, and, as the decade
progressed, fan magazines and gossip columns devoted to publicizing both the
public and private lives of the stars flourishes. The 1920s were also a time of
great expansion of the Hollywood studios, as Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM)
was created form a merger to form the largest studio in Hollywood, as
Universal, Paramount, and Fox became firmly establishes as studios, and as the
small company Warner Brothers, which was to grow immensely in later
decades, introduced a series of films featuring the canine star Rin Tin Tin.
However, by the end of 1920s, the era of silent films ended abruptly. Edison
and other inventors had introduced technology for creating motion pictures with
sound at various times throughout the early decades of the twentieth century,
but those early devices could not ensure good enough sound quality and
amplification to induce studios to try any of them out. Finally, Warner Brothers
took a chance with the 1927 film, The Jazzz Singer, which starred popular
recording artist Al Jolson and featured both singing and talking. When The
Jazzz Singer became a tremendous hit, Warner Brothers and Fox immediately
converted to producing motion pictures with sound, the other large studios,
believing that talking pictures might be only a passing fad, continued making
silent pictures for one more year. When it became clear that talking pictures
were the future of film rather than a passing fad, the remaining studios
converted to the exclusive production of talking film a year later, by 1929,
all of the films produced in Hollywood studios were talking pictures, and
the era of silent films was over.
21. The phrase “in synchoronization with” is closest in meaning to
________.
*
1 điểm
A. in time with In synchronization with = đồng bộ, cùng nhịp thời gian.

B. in agreement with
C. as many times as
D. on top of
22. The author includes the last sentence in paragraph 1 in order to
________.
*
1 điểm
A. describe events leading up to the events in the following paragraphs
B. provide examples showing that there were many different types of silent
films
C. announce the organization of the passage Câu cuối đoạn 1 chia bài thành 3
giai đoạn, báo trước cấu trúc toàn bài.

D. present a concluding idea to summarize paragraph 1

23. It is implied in paragraph 2 that ________.
*
1 điểm
A. the Kinetoscope was invented some time before the Kinetograph
B. the Kinetoscope was used to view films created with the Kinetograph
Kinetograph dùng quay phim, Kinetoscope dùng xem phim → ngầm hiểu chúng bổ trợ cho
nhau.
C. the Cinematographe could create films but could not be used to view them
D. The cinematographe was used to view films created with the Kinetograph
24. In which space (marked A, B, C or D in the passage), will the following
sentence fit?

“They depicted short every scene of people taking part in outdoor activities,
laborers working at a construction site, and travelers scurrying through a
train station.”
*
1 điểm
A. (A)
B. (B)
C. (C)
D. (D)
25. The word “convey” is closest in meaning to ________.
*
1 điểm
A. communicate Convey ideas = truyền đạt ý tưởng.

B. understand
C. transport
D. contradict
26. It is NOT true according to paragraph 3 that Hollywood ________.
*
1 điểm
A. was the leading producer of films before World War I Trước WWI, Pháp
mới là nước dẫn đầu, không phải Hollywood.

B. was used as a winter site for films early in the twentieth century
C. was a small town prior to the success of the film industry
D. took over the role of leader in the film industry from France.
27. The word “seat” could be best replaced by ________.
*
1 điểm
A. chair
B. basis
C. center Seat of the filmmaking industry = trung tâm ngành điện ảnh.

D. success
28. The word “them” refers to ________.
*
1 điểm
A. early decades
B. early devices them" thay thế cho danh từ "early devices" (các thiết bị đời đầu) ở trước
đó.

C. sound quality and amplification

D. studios
29. According to paragraph 4, The Jazz Singer ________.
*
1 điểm
A. was produced by Fox Studios
B. was the last great silent film
C. featured a famous Hollywood movie star
D. was extremely successful "The Jazz Singer became a tremendous hit" (trở thành một
cú hit vang dội).

30. In the last paragraph, what best paraphrases the sentence:

When it became clear that talking pictures were the future of film rather than
a passing fad, the remaining studios converted to the exclusive production of
talking film a year later, by 1929, all of the films produced in Hollywood
studios were talking pictures, and the era of silent films was over.
*
1 điểm
A. After studios were sure that pictures with sound were going to be
successful, they converted to talking pictures relatively quickly. Diễn đạt đúng
ý: nhận ra xu thế → chuyển đổi nhanh → phim câm chấm dứt.

B. The future of film was presented in a series of talking films that were
produced in Hollywood for release in 1929.
C. The era of silent films ended when the exclusive production for making
talking pictures was granted to Hollywood studios.
D. It was clear to studios that talking pictures were only a fad, so they decided
not to produce them until sometimes in the future.
Không bao giờ gửi mật khẩu thông qua Google Biểu mẫu.
PASSAGE 1 – Questions 1-10
One of the greatest things about the Internet is that nobody really owns it. It is a
global collection of networks, both big and small. These networks connect
together in many different ways to form the single entity that we know as the
Internet. In fact, the very name comes from this idea of interconnected
networks.

Since its beginning in 1969, the Internet has grown from four host computer
systems to tens of millions. However, just because nobody owns the Internet, it
doesn't mean it is not monitored and maintained in different ways. The Internet
Society, a non-profit group established in 1992, oversees the formation of the
policies and protocols that define how we use and interact with the Internet.

Every computer that is connected to the Internet is part of a network, even the
one in your home. For example, you may use a modem and dial a local number
to connect to an Internet Service Provider (ISP). At work, you may be part of a
local area network (LAN), but you most likely still connect to the Internet using
an ISP that your company has contracted with. When you connect to your ISP,
you become part of their network. The ISP may then connect to a larger
network and become part of their network. The Internet is simply a network of
networks.

Most large communications companies have their own dedicated backbones

connecting various regions. In each region, the company has a Point of Presence
(POP). The POP is a place for local users to access the company's network,
often through a local phone number or dedicated line. The amazing thing here is
that there is no overall controlling network. Instead, there are several high-level
networks connecting to each other through Network Access Points or NAPs.

All of these networks rely on NAPs, backbones and routers to talk to each other.
What is incredible about this process is that a message can leave one computer
and travel halfway across the world through several different networks and
arrive at another computer in a fraction of a second!

The routers determine where to send information from one computer to another.
Routers are specialized computers that send your messages and those of every
other Internet user speeding to their destinations along thousands of pathways.
A router has two separate, but related, jobs.
1. The word “Internet” stands for ________.
*
1 điểm
A. international networks
B. interpersonal nets
C. interrelated nets
D. interconnected networks
2. Which of the following best replaces the word “oversees”?
*
1 điểm
A. manages Oversees = giám sát, quản lý.

B. leads to
C. follows
D. overlooks
3. There were at most 4 computers in a network in ________.
*
1 điểm
A. 1910
B. 1969 “Since its beginning in 1969… from four host computer systems.”

C. 1979
D. 1992
4. What is the best heading for Paragraphs 3 and 4?
*
1 điểm
A. Computers and the Internet: Dual relations
B. Internet at home and at work: Differences
C. The Internet: Computer Network Hierarchy Hai đoạn này mô tả máy tính →
ISP → mạng lớn → backbone → NAPs, tức cấu trúc phân tầng mạng.

D. How to connect to the Internet: ISP or LAN

5. What words best describe the relationship between a computer and the
Internet?
*
1 điểm
A. Part and whole "Every computer... is part of a network". Máy tính là bộ phận (part),
Internet là cái toàn thể (whole).

B. Parents and children

C. Sisters and brothers
D. Home and work
6. Which of the following is most likely to be a multinational organization’s
network?
*
1 điểm
A. ISP
B. LAN
C. POP
D. NAPs Đoạn 4 nói các mạng lưới cấp cao (high-level networks) kết nối với nhau qua
NAPs.

7. How long does it take a piece of information from Vietnam to get to the
U.S via the Internet?
*
1 điểm
A. Less than a second "...travel halfway across the world... in a fraction of a second!"
(một phần nhỏ của giây).

B. From 1 to 2 seconds
C. A few seconds
D. One or two minutes
8. Which of the following chooses the way for information to travel through
the Internet?
*
1 điểm
A. Internet Service Providers
B. Routers "The routers determine where to send information..."

C. The Internet Society

D. Backbones
9. What is the tone of the passage?
*
1 điểm
A. Informative Bài viết cung cấp kiến thức khách quan, thực tế nên giọng văn là
Informative (Cung cấp thông tin).

B. Humourous
C. Criticizing
D. Encouraging
10. What is the purpose of the passage?
*
1 điểm
A. To give definitions of the Internet
B. To describe an Internet system
C. To explain how the Internet works Bài giải thích cấu trúc, cách kết nối, cách dữ
liệu di chuyển.
D. To compare computers and the Internet
PASSAGE 2– Questions 11-20
Throughout history, pigs have been useful to humans. Their bodies work much
like ours. Doctors have used chemicals from pigs’ bodies to help treat diseases
in people. We also use pigs for food. We even make objects from their skin,
such as bags and balls. Domestic pigs live on farms. These kinds are useful for
people. Wild pigs live in the mountains and forests. They are causing big
problems in the United States.

In the early 1900s, wild pigs - called boars - were brought from Europe to North
Carolina. Boars have two sharp horns, or tusks, on each side of their mouth.
They are aggressive and mean. At first, people kept the boars together in a
forest. Hunters enjoyed trying to shoot them. But by the 1920s, some boars had
escaped. Boars have lived in the mountains of North Carolina ever since.
Problems began when the boars entered a national park. They dug holes in the
soil and destroyed plants that other animals need for food.

California has the same problem. [A] Wild pigs in that state are not just hurting
national parks. They are destroying the grass on golf courses and eating plants
in people’s gardens. [B] Some more of these pigs came from North Carolina in
1925. Some hunters brought them. They built a fence around the boars.
However, several pigs escaped. [C] Later, some, of the wild pigs mated with
escaped domestic pigs. Today, the number of wild pigs keeps growing. [D]
They are ruining lots of land. A scientist found 2,000 rare flowers in the
stomach of one dead boar.
How can people stop these hungry pigs? There are no easy answers. One
national park in Hawaii built a 15-meter fence around its entire 28,000 acres.
Other states encourage hunters to kill the animals. However, pigs are intelligent,
stubborn, and tough. We domesticated them for use on the farm. Now, our
challenge is to control them when they leave the barnyard.
11. All of the following are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT ____.*
1 điểm
A. how boars came to the US
B. how boars got to Europe Bài chỉ nói lợn từ Châu Âu đến Mỹ, không nói lợn đến
Châu Âu bằng cách nào.

C. the types of damage boars cause

D. the characteristics of boars
12. The word “ours” refers to ____.
*
1 điểm
A. people
B. pigs
C. bodies
D. doctors
13. What does the word “them” refer to?
*
1 điểm
A. Hunters
B. National parks
C. Pigs
D. States
14. The word “escaped” could best be replaced by which of the following?
*
1 điểm
A. Got away escaped = got away (trốn thoát, thoát ra ngoài).

B. Become lost
C. Rebelled
D. Died
15. From paragraph 3, we can infer that ____.
*
1 điểm
A. there are many farms in North Carolina
B. wild pigs first came from Europe
C. North Carolina is not very beautiful
D. wild pigs eat flowers Dẫn chứng: "A scientist found 2,000 rare flowers in the
stomach of one dead boar."

16. The word “rare” is closest in meaning to which of the following?

*
1 điểm
A. Beautiful
B. Exquisite
C. Common
D. Special Rare = hiếm, đặc biệt

17. Where would the sentence “Some of these boars are descendants of
domestic pigs the Spanish settlers brought with them in the 1760s.” be best
added to the passage?
*
1 điểm
A. [A]
B. [B]
C. [C] Câu này bổ sung thông tin về nguồn gốc lợn ở California trước khi nhắc đến lợn từ
Bắc Carolina.

D. [D]
18. What is the topic of Paragraph 4?
*
1 điểm
A. Differences between domestic pigs and wild pigs
B. How Californian pigs are different from other pigs
C. The problems pigs are making in one state Đoạn này nói riêng về California
và các thiệt hại.

D. Why people in California like wild pigs

19. The word “entire” is closest in meaning to ____.
*
1 điểm
A. very large
B. whole “entire 28,000 acres” = toàn bộ.

C. make sleepy
D. hot
20. Which statement best reflects the author’s opinion?
*
1 điểm
A. Wild pigs are a necessary part of nature.
B. All wild boars should be killed.
C. Domestic pigs are dangerous.
D. Controlling wild pigs is a challenge. Câu cuối: "Now, our challenge is to control
them" (Thách thức hiện nay là kiểm soát chúng).

PASSAGE 3 – Questions 21-30

Printmaking is the generic term for a number of processes, of which woodcut
and engraving are two prime examples. Prints are made by pressing a sheet of
paper (or other material) against an image-bearing surface to which ink has been
applied. When the paper is removed, the image adheres to it, but in reverse.

The woodcut had been used in China from the fifth century A.D. for applying
patterns to textiles. The process was not introduced into Europe until the
fourteenth century, first for textile decoration and then for printing on paper.
Woodcuts are created by a relief process; first, the artist takes a block of wood,
which has been sawed parallel to the grain, covers it with a white ground, and
then draws the image in ink. The background is carved away, leaving the design
area slightly raised. The woodblock is inked, and the ink adheres to the raised
image. It is then transferred to damp paper either by hand or with a printing
press.

Engraving, which grew out of the goldsmith's art, originated in Germany and
northern Italy in the middle of the fifteenth century. It is an intaglio process
(from Italian intagliare, "to carve"). The image is incised into a highly polished
metal plate, usually copper, with a cutting instrument, or burin. The artist inks
the plate and wipes it clean so that some ink remains in the incised grooves. An
impression is made on damp paper in a printing press, with sufficient pressure
being applied so that the paper picks up the ink.
Both woodcut and engraving have distinctive characteristics. Engraving lends
itself to subtle modeling and shading through the use of fine lines. Hatching and
cross-hatching determine the degree of light and shade in a print. Woodcuts
tend to be more linear, with sharper contrasts between light and dark.
Printmaking is well suited to the production of multiple images. A set of
multiples is called an edition. Both methods can yield several hundred good-
quality prints before the original block or plate begins to show signs of wear.
Mass production of prints in the sixteenth century made images available, at a
lower cost, to a much broader public than before.
21. What does the passage mainly discuss?
*
1 điểm
A. The origins of textile decoration
B. The characteristics of good-quality prints
C. Two types of printmaking Bài tập trung so sánh woodcut và engraving: nguồn
gốc, quy trình, đặc điểm, điểm chung.

D. Types of paper used in printmaking

22. The word "prime" is closest in meaning to ____.*
1 điểm
A. principal Prime examples = ví dụ tiêu biểu / chính.

B. complex
C. general
D. recent
23. The author's purpose in paragraph 2 is to describe ____.
*
1 điểm
A. the woodcuts found in China in the fifth century
B. the use of woodcuts in the textile industry
C. the process involved in creating a woodcut Đoạn 2 mô tả từng bước làm
woodcut (khối gỗ, khắc, bôi mực, in).

D. the introduction of woodcuts to Europe

24. The word "incised" is closest in meaning to____.*
1 điểm
A. burned
B. cut incised = cut (khắc, rạch, cắt vào bề mặt).

C. framed
D. baked
25. The word "distinctive" is closest in meaning to____.
*
1 điểm
A. unique Distinctive characteristics = đặc điểm riêng biệt.

B. accurate
C. irregular
D. similar
26. According to the passage, all of the following are true about engraving
EXCEPT that it ____.
*
1 điểm
A. developed from the art of the goldsmiths
B. requires that the paper be cut with a burin Dẫn chứng: "image is incised into
a... metal plate... with a... burin". Burin dùng để khắc lên đĩa kim loại, không phải cắt giấy.

C. originated in the fifteenth century

D. involves carving into a metal plate
27. The word "yield" is closest in meaning to ____.
*
1 điểm
A. imitate
B. produce yield = produce (tạo ra, sản sinh ra).

C. revise
D. contrast
28. According to the passage, what do woodcut and engraving have in
common?
*
1 điểm
A. Their designs are slightly raised.
B. They achieve contrast through hatching and cross-hatching.
C. They were first used in Europe.
D. They allow multiple copies to be produced from one original. Dẫn chứng:
"Printmaking is well suited to the production of multiple images."

29. According to the author, what made it possible for members of the general
public to own prints in the sixteenth century?
*
1 điểm
A. Prints could be made at low cost. Dẫn chứng: "...made images available, at a
lower cost, to a much broader public..."

B. The quality of paper and ink had improved.

C. Many people became involved in the printmaking industry.
D. Decreased demand for prints kept prices affordable.
30. According to the passage, all of the following are true about prints
EXCEPT that they ____.
*
1 điểm
A. can be reproduced on materials other than paper
B. are created from a reversed image
C. show variations between light and dark shades
D. require a printing press Dẫn chứng ở đoạn 2: "...either by hand or with a printing
press." (Có thể làm bằng tay, không bắt buộc phải có máy in).

Không bao giờ gửi mật khẩu thông qua Google Biểu mẫu.

B1 READING PRACTICE TEST

Thời gian: 50 phút
Số câu hỏi: 30

Directions: In this section of the test, you will read FOUR different passages,
each followed by 10 questions about it. For questions 1-30, you are to choose
the best answer A, B, C or D, to each question. Then, on your answer sheet, find
the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of
the answer you have chosen. Answer all questions following a passage on the
basis of what is stated or implied in that passage.
You have 50 minutes to answer all the questions, including the time to transfer
your answers to the answer sheet.

READING PASSAGE 1
Most of the United States has, or can gain access to, ample supplies of
fresh water for drinking purposes. But, fresh water can be in short supply in
some parts of the country (and world). And, as the population continues to
grow, shortages of fresh water will occur more often, if only in certain
locations. In some areas, salt water (from the ocean, for instance) is being
turned into freshwater for drinking.
In California, the towns of Santa Barbara and Avalon have begun using
desalinization methods to remove the salt from seawater and make it suitable for
drinking. A promising method to desalinate seawater is the "reverse osmosis"
method. Right now, the high cost of desalinization has kept it from being used
more often, as it can cost over $1,000 per acre-foot to desalinate seawater as
compared to about $200 per acre-foot for water from normal supply sources.
Desalinization technology is improving and costs are falling, though, and
Tampa Bay, FL is currently desalinizing water at a cost of only $650 per acre
foot. As both the demand for fresh water and technology increase, you can
expect to see more desalinization occurring, especially in areas such as
California and the Middle East.
What do we mean by "saline water?" Water that is saline contains
significant amounts (referred to as "concentrations") of dissolved salts. In this
case, the concentration is the amount (by weight) of salt in water, as expressed
in "parts per million" (ppm). If water has a concentration of 10,000 ppm of
dissolved salts, then one percent (10,000 divided by 1,000,000) of the weight of
the water comes from dissolved salts.
Here are our parameters for saline water:
· Fresh water - Less than 1,000 ppm
· Slightly saline water - From 1,000 ppm to 3,000 ppm
· Moderately saline water - From 3,000 ppm to 10,000 ppm
· Highly saline water - From 10,000 ppm to 35,000 ppm
By the way, ocean water contains about 35,000 ppm of salt.
1. There is a shortage of fresh water
A. in all areas of the United States. B. in no area of the
United States.
C. in some areas of the United States. "fresh water can be in short supply in some
parts of the country"
D. in most areas of the United States.
2. In the future, shortages of fresh water
A. will be about the same as now. B. will become more
common. "shortages of fresh water will occur more often"
C. will become less common. D. will not happen.
3. According to the article, reverse osmosis will probably be
A. a poor method of desalinization in the future. B. a good method of
desalinization in the future. "A promising method to desalinate seawater is the
'reverse osmosis' method."

C. an unreliable method of desalinization in the future. D. a cheap method of

desalinization in the future.
4. Desalinization isn't being used much at present because
A. it is too expensive. "the high cost of desalinization has kept it from being used more
often"
B. it is too inefficient. C. it is too slow. D. it is too
complicated.
5. In the future, desalinization will probably be used

A. the same as now. B. less than now. C. more than now. D.

more frequently. C và D gần nghĩa, nhưng “more frequently” bám sát câu văn hơn.

6. The concentration of salt in water is measured

A. by weight B. by volume C. by ppm "as
expressed in 'parts per million' (ppm)"
D. by percent

7. If water has a concentration of 5,000 ppm of dissolved salts, then _____ of

the weight of the water comes from dissolved salts.
A. two percent B. fifty percent C. one percent D.
one half of one percent 5,000 / 1,000,000 = 0.005 = 0.5%

8. Significant probably means

A. just enough to be measured B. extremely large
C. fairly large Significant trong ngữ cảnh này nghĩa là lượng lớn đáng kể/vừa đủ nhiều.
D. enormous
9. As it is used here, parameters probably means about the same as
A. limits Parameters ở đây chỉ các giới hạn/định mức phân loại nồng độ muối.
B. volumes C. recommendations D.
constraints
10. The removal of salt from water is called
A. desalinization "desalinization methods to remove the salt from seawater"
B. reverse osmosis C. parts per million D. dissolution

READING PASSAGE 2
No student of a foreign language needs to be told that grammar is
complex. By changing word sequences and by adding a range of auxiliary
verbs and suffixes, we are able to communicate tiny variations in meaning. We
can turn a statement into a question, state whether an action has taken place or is
soon to take place, and perform many other word tricks to convey subtle
differences in meaning. Nor is this complexity inherent to the English
language. All languages, even those of so-called 'primitive' tribes have clever
grammatical components. The Cherokee pronoun system, for example, can
distinguish between 'you and I', 'several other people and I' and 'you, another
person and I'. In English, all these meanings are summed up in the one, crude
pronoun 'we'. Grammar is universal and plays a part in every language, no
matter how widespread it is. So the question which has baffled many linguists
is - who created grammar?
At first, it would appear that this question is impossible to answer. To
find out how grammar is created, someone needs to be present at the time of a
language's creation, documenting its emergence. Many historical linguists are
able to trace modern complex languages back to earlier languages, but in order
to answer the question of how complex languages are actually formed, the
researcher needs to observe how languages are started from scratch.
Amazingly, however, this is possible.
Some of the most recent languages evolved due to the Atlantic slave
trade. At that time, slaves from a number of different ethnicities were forced to
work together under colonizer's rule. Since they had no opportunity to learn
each other's languages, they developed a make-shift language called a pidgin.
Pidgins are strings of words copied from the language of the landowner. They
have little in the way of grammar, and in many cases it is difficult for a listener
to deduce when an event happened, and who did what to whom. [A] Speakers
need to use circumlocution in order to make their meaning understood. [B]
Interestingly, however, all it takes for a pidgin to become a complex language is
for a group of children to be exposed to it at the time when they learn their
mother tongue. [C] Slave children did not simply copy the strings of words
uttered by their elders, they adapted their words to create a new, expressive
language. [D] Complex grammar systems which emerge from pidgins are
termed creoles, and they are invented by children.
Further evidence of this can be seen in studying sign languages for the
deaf. Sign languages are not simply a series of gestures; they utilize the same
grammatical machinery that is found in spoken languages. Moreover, there are
many different languages used worldwide. The creation of one such language
was documented quite recently in Nicaragua. Previously, all deaf people were
isolated from each other, but in 1979 a new government introduced schools for
the deaf. Although children were taught speech and lip reading in the
classroom, in the playgrounds they began to invent their own sign system, using
the gestures that they used at home. It was basically a pidgin. Each child used
the signs differently, and there was no consistent grammar. However, children
who joined the school later, when this inventive sign system was already
around, developed a quite different sign language. Although it was based on the
signs of the older children, the younger children's language was more fluid and
compact, and it utilized a large range of grammatical devices to clarify
meaning. What is more, all the children used the signs in the same way. A new
creole was born.
Some linguists believe that many of the world's most established
languages were creoles at first. The English past tense –ed ending may have
evolved from the verb 'do'. 'It ended' may once have been 'It end-did'. Therefore
it would appear that even the most widespread languages were partly created by
children. Children appear to have innate grammatical machinery in their brains,
which springs to life when they are first trying to make sense of the world
around them. Their minds can serve to create logical, complex structures, even
when there is no grammar present for them to copy.

11. In paragraph 1, why does the writer include information about the Cherokee
language?
A. To show how simple, traditional cultures can have complicated
grammar structures Để chứng minh ngay cả những nền văn hóa bị coi là “primitive”
cũng có ngữ pháp rất phức tạp.
👉 Phục vụ luận điểm: Grammar is universal.

B. To show how English grammar differs from Cherokee grammar

C. To prove that complex grammar structures were invented by the Cherokees.
D. To demonstrate how difficult it is to learn the Cherokee language
12. What can be inferred about the slaves' pidgin language?
A. It contained complex grammar. B. It was based on
many different languages.
C. It was difficult to understand, even among slaves. "difficult for a listener to
deduce when an event happened" (người nghe khó hiểu).
D. It was created by the land-owners.
13. All the following sentences about Nicaraguan sign language are true
EXCEPT
A. The language has been created since 1979.
B. The language is based on speech and lip reading. Ngôn ngữ không dựa trên
speech và lip reading, mà trẻ tự sáng tạo ngoài sân chơi.

C. The language incorporates signs which children used at home.

D. The language was perfected by younger children.
14. In paragraph 3, where can the following sentence be placed?
It included standardized word orders and grammatical markers that
existed in neither the pidgin language, nor the language of the colonizers.
A. [A] B. [B] C. [C] D. [D]
Câu chèn mô tả đặc điểm của "Creole" vừa được nhắc tới ở câu trước đó.
15. 'From scratch' in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
A. from the very beginning from scratch = từ con số không, từ lúc bắt đầu.
B. in simple cultures
C. by copying something else D. by using written
information
16. 'make-shift' in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to
A. complicated and expressive B. simple and temporary
make-shift = tạm thời, đơn giản (để giải quyết tình huống trước mắt).

C. extensive and diverse D. private and personal

17. Which sentence is closest in meaning to the highlighted sentence?
“Grammar is universal and plays a part in every language, no matter how
widespread it is.”
A. All languages, whether they are spoken by a few people or a lot of
people, contain grammar. Dù ít hay nhiều người nói, mọi ngôn ngữ đều có ngữ pháp

B. Some languages include a lot of grammar, whereas other languages contain a

little.
C. Languages which contain a lot of grammar are more common that languages
that contain a little.
D. The grammar of all languages is the same, no matter where the languages
evolved.
18. All of the following are features of the new Nicaraguan sign language
EXCEPT:
A. All children used the same gestures to show meaning.
B. The meaning was clearer than the previous sign language.
C. The hand movements were smoother and smaller.
D. New gestures were created for everyday objects and activities. Bài không
nói đến việc tạo ký hiệu mới cho đồ vật hằng ngày, chỉ nói cải tiến hệ thống.

19. Which idea is presented in the final paragraph?

A. English was probably once a creole. "Some linguists believe that... English was
probably once a creole."

B. The English past tense system is inaccurate.

C. Linguists have proven that English was created by children.
D. Children say English past tenses differently from adults.
20. Look at the word 'consistent' in paragraph 4. This word could best be
replaced by which of the following?
A. natural B. predictable C. imaginable
D. uniform consistent = uniform (đồng nhất, nhất quán).
READING PASSAGE 3
The modern age is an age of electricity. People are so used to electric
lights, radio, televisions, and telephones that it is hard to imagine what life
would be like without them. When there is a power failure, people grope about
in flickering candlelight. Cars hesitate in the streets because there are no traffic
lights to guide them, and food spoils in silent refrigerators.
Yet, people began to understand how electricity works only a little more
than two centuries ago. Nature has apparently been experimenting in this field
for millions of years. Scientists are discovering more and more that the living
world may hold many interesting secrets of electricity that could benefit
humanity. All living cells sent out tiny pulses of electricity. As the heart beats, it
sends out pulses of recorded electricity; they form an electrocardiogram, which
a doctor can study to determine how well the heart is working. The brain, too,
sends out brain waves of electricity, which can be recorded in an
electroencephalogram. The electric currents generated by most living cells are
extremely small-of-ten so small that sensitive instruments are needed to record
them. But in some animals, certain muscle cells have become so specialized as
electrical generators that they do not work as muscle cells at all. When large
numbers of these cells are linked together, the effects can be astonishing.
The electric eel is an amazing storage battery. It can send a jolt of as
much as eight hundred volts of electricity through the water in which it lives.
An electric house current is only one hundred twenty volts.) As many as four
fifths of all the cells in the electric eel’s body are specialized for generating
electricity, and the strength of the shock it can deliver corresponds roughly to
the length of its body.
21. What does the word HESITATE in the first paragraph mean?
A. crash B. stop C. be uncertain "Cars
hesitate" trong ngữ cảnh không có đèn giao thông nghĩa là chúng ngập ngừng/không chắc
chắn.
D. be fast
22. How long ago did human know about electricity?
A. more than twenty years ago C. more than two thousand
years ago
B. more than two hundred years ago "...little more than two centuries ago." (2 thế
kỷ = 200 năm).
D. more than two million years ago
23. From the sentence: “All living cells sent out tiny pulses of electricity”, we
can infer
A. electric pulses of animals are dangerous for themselves.
B. very tiny animals like mosquitoes do not have
C. a dead elephant still have electric pulses.
D. a fly has pulses of electricity. Vì "All living cells" (Mọi tế bào sống) đều có điện,
nên một con ruồi (đang sống) cũng có điện.
24. The word “astonishing” can be replaced by
A. surprising astonishing = surprising (đáng kinh ngạc, gây ngạc nhiên).
B. small C. strong D. weak
25. The word “four fifths” means
A. 45 B. 54 C. 4/5 D.
5/4
26. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Electric eels are potentially dangerous.
B. Biology and electricity appear to be closely related. Bài viết nói về cả điện gia
dụng và điện trong cơ thể sinh vật (Biology).

C. People would be at a loss without electricity.

D. Scientists still have much to discover about electricity.
27. The author mentions all of the following as results of a blackout EXCEPT
A. refrigerated food items may go bad B. traffic lights do not work
C. people must rely on candlelight D. elevators and
escalators do not function Thang máy/thang cuốn không được nhắc tới trong danh sách
hậu quả mất điện ở đoạn 1.

28. Why does the author mention electric eels?

A. To warn the reader to stay away from them. B. To compare their
voltage to that used in houses.
C. To give an example of a living electrical generator. “certain muscle cells have
become so specialized as electrical generators”
→ Lươn điện = ví dụ tiêu biểu.
D. To describe a new source of electrical power.
29. How many volts of electricity can an electric eel emit?
A. 1,000 B. 800 "...as much as eight hundred volts..."
C. 200 D. 120
30. It can be inferred from the passage that the longer an eel is the
A. more beneficial it will be to science. B. more powerful
will be its electrical charge. "the strength of the shock... corresponds roughly to the
length of its body." (Độ mạnh tỉ lệ thuận với chiều dài).

C. easier it will be to find. D. tougher it will be

to eat.

----The End----KEYS

1 C
2 B
3 B
4 A
5 C
6 A
7 D
8 C
9 A
10 A
11 A
12 C
13 B
14 D
15 A
16 B
17 A
18 D
19 A
20 D
21 C
22 B
23 D
24 A
25 C
26 B
27 D
28 C
29 B
30 B
READING PASAGE 1
In some cultures, tea drinking is a social event with specific customs. China
and the United Kingdom are two countries with formal, well-developed tea
cultures.
In China, there are ceremonial customs for every aspect of tea drinking, from
filling the cup to thanking the pourer. A tea drinker can thank the server by
tapping the table with the index and middle fingers. In Chinese society, tea
customs can express a range of emotions. Offering tea to one’s elders, for
example, is a way of showing respect. In other situations, pouring tea for
someone can be a form of apology. On the other hand, a newly married couple
may serve tea during their wedding ceremony to express gratitude to their
parents for all the sacrifices they made raising them.
In the United Kingdom, tea culture is closely tied to the workday schedule.
Afternoon tea, Britain’s best-known tea ceremony, started in the 1840s. It
usually happens between 4 and 6 p.m. but can be somewhat earlier or later. It is
a time for conversation and relaxation, when people take a break from their day.
Traditionally, afternoon tea was taken with a light snack of pastries and
sandwiches. The tea itself, usually from India or Ceylon (which is now known
as Sri Lanka), was served in a silver teapot and china cups. Afternoon tea is still
sometimes served formally today, but it is just as often served informally. High
tea is a variation on afternoon tea originally adapted for working-class families
who could not afford a proper dinner. It happens slightly later in the day and is
served with food more substantial than pastries and sandwiches.
In China, tea customs are a means of emotional expression. In the United
Kingdom, they break up the workday schedule and give people an opportunity
to socialize and rest. But these traditions are disappearing in both countries as
time goes by. What purpose do tea customs in your country serve? Are these
customs still followed today?

1. What is the passage mainly about?

A. How Chinese tea customs influenced the United Kingdom
B. The similarities between Chinese and British tea ceremonies
C. Reasons why tea is such an important beverage around the world
D. How tea is consumed in two particular societies
2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an emotional expression related
to Chinese tea customs?
A. gratitude
B. respect
C. happiness
 D. apology
3. Why do couples serve tea during their wedding ceremony in China?
A. To thank their parents for raising them
B. To show thanks to each other
C. To offer respect to the wedding guests
D. To express their love to the public
4. When did the tradition of afternoon tea in Britain start?
A. In the 1840s
B. In the 1480s
C. In the 1580s
D. In the 1850s
5. Which is NOT true about the United Kingdom’s tea culture?
A. It is influenced by the workday schedule.
B. Tea times happen in the afternoon or evening.
C. Only wealthy people observe the tradition.
D. Food is generally served.

6. What can be inferred about afternoon tea?

A. It was started to make people work longer.
B. It used to happen earlier in the day than it does now.
C. It is rarely served in an informal setting.
D. It is not consumed with a heavy meal.
7. The word ‘tied’ in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____.
A. recorded B. collected C. reported D. related
8. The word ‘it’ in paragraph 3 refers to _____.
A. silver teapot B. high tea C. afternoon tea D. dinner
9. The word “opportunity” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _____.
A. chance B. theme C. speech D. depth
10. The main purpose of the fourth paragraph is to _____.
A. show that tea customs have a very long history
B. explain that the meaning of tea drinking varies by culture
C. point out that China and the United Kingdom have much in common
D. explain why tea customs in China and the United Kingdom are
disappearing

READING PASSAGE 2
The price of a perfect holiday?
Cruises are becoming more and more popular, with around 20 million
passengers per year now enjoying holidays on board luxury ships. Many people
see a cruise as the perfect way to sit back and do nothing and enjoy time off
work. But what is the effect on the environment of this trend?
Although it usually takes less energy for a vehicle to move through water
than over land, cruise ships are often huge, with the biggest ones carrying up to
6,000 passengers. Moving such large vehicles requires enormous engines,
which burn as much as 300,000 litres of fuel a day. One scientist has calculated
that cruise ships create as much pollution as 5 million cars going over the same
distance. Because they are out at sea, they also burn dirtier fuel that isn’t
allowed on land. Unfortunately, no government has control over the amount of
air pollution out at sea.
Cruises also produce huge amounts of rubbish, and cruise ships aren’t
usually good at recycling. Wastewater from showers and toilets is usually
poured directly into the sea – as much per day as from a small town. Waste food
from restaurants isn’t put into the sea, but still causes problems when brought
back to the land.
Cruise ships also cause difficulties in the cities where they stop. Popular
destinations can get five or six ships per day, with thousands of tourists at a
time. Good for restaurants? No. Restaurant owners complain that the visitors
look around for a few hours and then return to their ship to eat. What’s more,
the crowds can put off other tourists, who complain that the streets are too busy.
Some towns have banned cruise ships or put a limit on the number that can stop
at the same time. People who care about the environment worry that as the
cruise industry continues to grow, so too will the issues for our planet.

21. What is the writer trying to do in the text?

A. persuade people that a cruise is a wonderful holiday.
B. explain some of the problems that cruise ships cause.
C. criticize people who go on cruise ships.
D. persuade governments to ban cruise ships.
22. How many passengers go on holiday on cruises each year?
A. 3 hundred thousand B. 5 million C. 20 million
D. 6 thousand

23. What is the bold word “enormous” in paragraph 2 closest in meaning to?
A. big B. perfect C. small D. very big
24. What does the bold word “who” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. crowds B. tourists C. towns D. streets
25. What is the bold word “banned” in paragraph 4 closest in meaning to?
A. allowed B. put off C. disallowed D.
complained
26. Why do cruise ships cause a lot of air pollution?
A. They carry large numbers of cars as well as passengers.
B. Their engines are not as efficient as those of other ships.
C. It takes more energy to move through water than over land.
D. They use types of fuel that are not permitted on land.
27. What can be inferred about the waste products on cruise ships?
A. An enormous amount of the wastewater isn’t recycled.
B. All the waste products are carried back to shore.
C. Waste food is often thrown away at sea.
D. Most cruise ships recycle their waste products.
28. Why are cruise ship passengers not popular in some cities?
A. They are sometimes rude to other tourists.
B. They fill up the restaurants, so other tourists can’t get in.
C. They complain when the city is too crowded.
D. They don’t spend money on meals.
29. How does the author feel about the cruise industry?
A. negative B. positive C. hopeful D. indifferent
30. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Cruise ships are becoming very popular, and they bring a lot of benefits,
in spite of their problems.
B. Cruise ships used to cause a lot of pollution, but things are improving
now.
C. Cruise ships seem to offer ideal relaxing holidays, but they aren’t
environmentally friendly.
D. Cruise ships cause pollution in the sea and on land, so cities are planning
to ban them in the future.

READING PASSAGE 3

In the 21st century there was a revolution in air travel and the speed and
numbers of people flying increased dramatically. There was also the launch of
Concorde, the supersonic plane, which regularly flew from London and Paris to
New York in about three hours. But perhaps it’s not the sky we should be
looking to for faster travel but an invention of the early 19th century, the train.
 Train travel revolutionised the transportation of goods and people across
countries and continents, and is still a vital means of transport for people across
the world. But today, thanks to modern technology, the speed of train travel has
increased to unimaginable levels.
Back in the 1970s, Japan led the way with the Bullet Train. This still runs
today and reaches speeds of between 300kph and 400kph. However, now even
the Bullet Train has been overtaken by the Maglev Train, which can reach
speeds of over 600kph. These trains use magnets and electricity, which means
long distances can be covered very quickly.
China is leading the way in high-speed train travel and has trains that travel
at around 300kph and a network that links major growing cities across the
country. This makes train travel a strong competitor for the airlines. Trains are
also considered to be a much more environmentally friendly form of travel.
The big question is, will other countries and continents follow this trend in
Asia? Some countries in Europe, mainly France, Spain, Italy and Germany,
already have an extensive network of high-speed trains. These already link
cities and it is hoped that more of these lines will link countries, as with
Eurostar that links the UK directly with Belgium and France. So what’s next?
We will have to wait and see what the scientists and engineers can come up
with and how fast their trains will go. Perhaps the fast train network will grow
and we will be travelling at many hundreds of kilometres an hour between
countries and the world will become an even smaller place.

21. Which city is NOT mentioned as the destination of the Concorde?

A. New York B. London C. Cairo D. Paris
22. What was the route of Concorde?
A. From London to Paris B. From New York to London
C. From Paris to London D. From London to New York
23. What happened in the early 19th century?
A. There was a revolution in air travel
B. More and more people travelled by planes.
C. The first supersonic plane was launched
D. The train was invented
24. The word “goods” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _____.
A. services B. products C. people D. systems
25. What can be inferred from paragraph 3?
A. The Bullet Train was not the fastest train in the 1970s.
B. The Bullet Train has been replaced by the Maglev Train
C. The Bullet Train used to run faster than it does now.
 D. Trains which use magnets and electricity run very quickly.
26. The word “covered” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____.
A. maintained B. travelled C. cycled D. measured
27. Which is true about China?
A. China is leading the way in high-speed trains.
B. China has the fastest trains in the world.
C. High-speed trains link major growing cities across China.
D. The Chinese prefer traveling by train to flying.
28. The word ‘These’ in paragraph 5 refers to _____.
A. countries B. trains C. cities D. lines
29. Which country had the first high-speed trains?
A. Japan B. China C. France D. Germany
30. What is NOT true, according to the last paragraph?
A. The Italians can travel to different cities in Italy on high-speed trains.
B. An extensive network of high-speed trains links different countries in
Europe.
C. Eurostar trains can be found in three countries in Europe.
D. The author thinks the future of high-speed trains depends on scientists
and engineers.