RATIONAL
FUNCTIONS
Graphing Rational
Functions
END IN MIND OBJECTIVES
• Determine the: (a) domain, (b) range,
(c) intercepts, (d) zeroes, and (e)
asymptotes of rational functions
21ST CENTURY SKILLS
• Numeracy
•Critical thinking / Problem Solving
• Persistency/grit
VIRTUE: Responsibility
I learn from my mistakes
Review
Identify which graph represents a rational function.
Graph A Graph B Graph C
Consider :
Determine:
• Domain
• Range
• Intercepts
• Asymptotes
DOMAIN and RANGE
The domain of a The range of a
function is the set of function is the set
all values that the of all values that
variable x can take. f(x) can take.
To find the domain...
[Link] the expression in the denominator to 0.
[Link] for x.
[Link] result will be the x-value that is not
part of the domain.
Consider :
Find its domain.
The domain is the
set of real numbers
except 2.
To find the range...
[Link] f(x) be y.
[Link] the places of variables x and y.
[Link] for y.
[Link] the domain of the resulting function.
[Link] domain of the resulting function is the
range of the original rational function.
Consider :
Find its range.
1. Let f(x) be y. [Link] the places of
variables x and y
Consider :
Find its range.
3. Solve for y.
Consider :
Find its range.
4. Findthe domain of the resulting function.
[Link]
range of the original rational function.
The range of the
function is the set of
real numbers except 1.
INTERCEPTS
The x-intercept The y-intercept of
of a function is a function is the
the point of point of
intersection of the intersection of the
graph at x-axis. graph at y-axis
To find the x-intercepts...
[Link] the expression in the numerator
to 0.
2. Solve for x.
Consider :
Find its x-intercept(s).
To find the y-intercepts...
Evaluate the function at x = 0.
Consider :
Find its y-intercept(s).
ASYMPTOTES
An imaginary line to which a graph gets closer
and closer as the x or y increases or decreases
its value without limit.
VERTICAL ASYMPTOTE
The vertical line x=a where
the graph increases or
decreases without bound
as the x values approach a
from the right or left.
HORIZONTAL ASYMPTOTE
The horizontal line y = b
where the graph gets
closer to b as x increases
or decreases without
bound.
HORIZONTAL ASYMPTOTE
Given that n and m are the
degrees of the numerator and
denominator
• If n<m, then the HA is y=0
• if n=m, the HA is y = a/b
• if n>m, there is no HA
Consider :
Find its asymptotes.
Since the domain is Since the range is the set
the set of real numbers of real numbers except 1,
except 2, then the vertical then the horizontal
asymptote is x = 2. asymptote is y = 1.
X-Intercept
y-Intercept
Vertic
Asymptot
al
Horizontal
e
Asymptot
e
Try:
Determine:
Domain
Range
X-Intercepts
Y-Intercepts
Vertical Asymptote
Horizontal Asymptote
Try:
Domain
Range
X-Intercept
Y-Intercept
Vertical Asymptote
Horizontal Asymptote
X-Intercept
Y-Intercept
Vertical
Asymptote
Horizontal
Asymptote