Data and Information
● Data is a collection of numbers gathered to give some information.
To know more about Data and Information, visit here.
Frequency
● Frequency is the number of times a particular value occurs in a given data.
● Eg : Marks scored by different students in a class: 1, 2, 2, 4, 3, 3.
Marks Frequency
1 1
2 2
3 2
4 1
Organised Data
● Data should be organised properly.
● This helps in extracting information.
● Example: In a class, 20 students were asked to choose one fruit from Banana, Orange,
Apple and Guava.
The following shows organised data for the above information is given below.
Fruits No. of Students
Banana 8
Orange 3
Apple 5
Guava 4
For more information on Organising Data, watch the below video
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To know more about Data Organisation, visit here.
Prioritizing Data
● Data can be prioritized or it can be organised in a particular order according to importance.
● Example: Following are the names of students in a class: Anu, Shameer, Kiran, John.
Prioritize the data according to alphabetic order. On prioritising the data, the new order of
names become Anu, John, Kiran and Shammer.
How to Organise Data?
● Data can be organised in different ways. It can be organised in
(i) Alphabetical order
(ii) In ascending and descending order.
● Example: Arrange the following data according to the birth year.
Ravi Shekhar Sunny Asha
1970 1988 1979 1920
Organised data:
Asha Ravi Sunny Shekhar
1920 1970 1979 1988
For more information on Data Handling, watch the below video
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Scaling Factor
● The large numbers cannot be represented in a bar graph, so the scaling factor is used to
reduce or scale down large numbers.
Pictographs
● The pictograph is a pictorial representation of data.
● Here data is represented using images of the objects.
To know more about Pictograph, visit here.
Interpretation of Pictographs
The number of strawberries eaten by various people is shown below.
Question. Find the number of apples eaten by Margaret, Susan, Maria and Dorothy.
Solution: Here each symbol of strawberry represents two strawberries.
⇒ Margaret ate 8 strawberries, Susan ate 4 strawberries,
Maria ate 2 strawberries and Dorothy ate 12 strawberries.
So, the total number of strawberries eaten by all the four is 30.
For more information on Pictographs, watch the below video
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To know more about Pictograph Examples, visit here.
Bar Diagrams
● The graphical representation of data using bars of uniform width drawn vertically or
horizontally with different lengths is called as bar graphs/bar diagrams.
● Bar diagrams consist of two axes: X-axis and Y-axis.
● The following is a bar graph showing the birthday of students in a class.
To know more about Bar Graphs, visit here.
Interpretation of Bar Diagrams
● Given below are the marks scored by students in mathematics. Calculate the sum of marks
scored by A and C.
Solution:
Students Marks Obtained
A 8
B 14
C 9
D 5
Sum of marks scored by A and C = 8 + 9 = 17
∴ The required sum is 17.
Collection of numbers gathered together to give some valuable information is called
data. Pictograph shows numerical information by making use of icons or picture
symbols to represent data sets. Pictograph can also be defined as a visual presentation
of data using symbols, pictures, icons, etc.
For more information on Bar and Double Bar Graphs, watch the below
videos
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31,774
What Is the Bar graph?
A bar graph is also called a bar chart. It is used to represent data visually with the help
of bars which are of different heights or lengths. The date graphed is either horizontally
or vertically, to make it easy for the viewers to compare different values and therefore
draw conclusions quickly.
Questions on Data Handling for Class 6
1) The below table shows the number of bicycles manufactured by a factory during the
years 2000 to 2004. Draw a bar graph by choosing a scale of your choice.
Year Bicycle manufactured
2000 600
2001 400
2002 700
2003 1000
2004 1300
Also, answer the following questions for the above bar graph –
a) The maximum number of bicycles were manufactured in which year?
b) The minimum number of bicycles were manufactured in which year?
2) The below bar graph shows the amount of wheat purchased by the government in
the year 1998 to 2002.
a) Observe and mention the maximum wheat production is in which year?
b) Observe and mention the minimum wheat production is in which year?
3) The number of animals in of the five villages are as given:
Village A: 70
Village B: 110
Village C: 50
Village D: 43
Village E: 80
Make a pictograph of these animals. Use one symbol to represent 10 animals. Answer
the following
a) Number of symbols that represent animals of village E?
b) Name the village which has the maximum number of animals.
c) Compare village A and C and tell which among those two has more animals?
Other Important Links:
Pictograph Examples Bar Graph
Frequently Asked Questions on CBSE Class 6 Maths
Notes Chapter 9 Data Handling
Q1
What is data handling?
Data handling refers to the process of gathering, recording and presenting information
in a way that is helpful to others (graphs, charts).
Q2
What are some of the real life examples where data handling is
used?
1. National Census 2. Voter polls 3. Online market surveys
Q3
What is a pictograph?
A pictograph is a graphic symbol that conveys its meaning through its pictorial
resemblance to a physical object.