S-400 TRIUMF GROUP
INDIA'S SKY SHIELD
India's frontline air defence against bnemy drones and missiles
TYPE OPERATIONAL UNIT COST
Mobile surface-to-air RANGE $1.25 bn
defence system 400 km
DEPLOYMENT TIME
5 min
C DETECT
Aircraft, drones,
cruise missiles,
and ballistic missiles
SURVEILLANCE RANGE
360 degree
S-400 RANGE WITH DIFFERENT MISsILES
9M96E 120 km
48NGE2 200 km
48N6DM 250 km
4ONGE 400 km
Source: IDRW, Mediareports,IGrphie Sartornz Sibham Srah DiU
The United States has announced plans to develop the
Golden Dome, a next-generation missile defense system
designed to counter hypersonic, ballistic, and cruise
missile threats using space-based interceptors.
The initiative aims to enhance national security by
providing comprehensive air defense coverage for the US.
What is the Golden Dome?
The Golden Dome is anationwide missile defense
system that willintegrate:
Space-based sensors and interceptors to detect and
neutralize missile threats early.
Ground-based and naval defenses as additional
protective layers.
Advanced communication networks to enable real-time
data sharing and rapid response.
The system is expected to counter hypersonic, ballistic,
and cruise missiles with superior early-warning and
interception capabilities.
Other aerial defense systems
Name of Coun Specifications
system try
Iron Dome, Israe Iron Dome(short range), David's Sling (short to
David's medium and medium to long range, Arrow(long
Sling, range).
Arrow-2,
Arrow-3
S-400 Russi Long-range air defence systems.
Triumph a
The U.S.A Intercepts ballistic missiles.
Terminal
High
Altitude
Area
Defence
(THAAD)
HQ-9 Chin Inspired by the Russian S-300, offering a 125 km
system range.
ISR LAUNCH VEHICLES
BACKGROUND
First rocket developed by ISRO -SLV (Satellite Launch Vehicle) Successor of SLV -Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle (ASLV)
Polar Satellite Lauhch Vehicle (PSLV) Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV
About About
"The Workhorse of ISRO 4 Gen, 3-staged launched vehicle
"3 gen, 4-Staged launch vehicle (1", 3 stages
solid fuel; 2", 4 stages- liquid fuel) Much more powerful rocket, carries satellites much
deeper into space
Capacity PSLV is 1" Indian Has an indigenous Cryogenic Upper Stage
Delivers earth-observation/remote
launch vehicle to
sensing satellites Capacity
be equipped with,
Used to launch satelites of Delivers communication-satellites
lower mass (-1400 Kg) liquid stages Carries heavier satellites (-2200 kg to GTO)
4 Variants: Carries 10,000-kg satelites to LEO
"PSLV-CA PSLV-QL "PSLV-DL " PSLV-XL Launches Satellites in
Launches Satellites in, Primarily Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO)
Low inclination LEO " Sub-GTO GTO (-36000 Km altitude)
Important Launches Important Launches:
"First successful launch- October 1994
Chandrayaan-1 (2008) Chandrayaan-2 Upcoming Gaganyaan
Mars Orbiter Spacecraft (2013)
Launch Vehicle Mark-l| Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV)
About About
Aka GSLV Mk-| "Developed specifically for
3-stage launch vehicle (2 solid propellant and 1 small and micro-satellites
core stage comprising liquid and cryogenic stages) Capacity
Capacity "Satellites up to 500 ka
"4,000-kg of satellites into GTO Launch Limit
" 8,000 kg of payloads into LEO "500 km planar orbit (LEO) from
Launches Satelites in Mk-l| Satish Dhawan Space Centre
GTO "Medium Earth orbit (MEO) versions have made
"LEO Missions to moon, sun ISRO entirely self
sufficient in launching
its satelites
Top Potato Producing States in India
Uttar Pradesh 30%|
6.32% Punjab
Bihar 17%
1.43% Haryana
Assam 143%
Gujarat West Bongal 23x
Chhattisgarh 1.16x
6.68* Madhya Pradosh
Interests in
conflict BOYCOTT!
The data lor the chart sere sourced from SP,the
Lok Sabha Tury
Mnstry of Commerce and the Aaerbaan State
nsm
d the TURKEY
Statistcal Comnttee
Chart 1: The chart shows Turkiye's arms
exports to Pakistan between 1995 and 2023
72
Chart 2: The chart shows india's weapons
exports to Armenia over the years Chart 5: The chart shows the number of tourists from tndia
and Pakistan to Turkiye
hten Pakustn inda
neada
Chart 3: The country-wse share of india's
imports of crude oil over the six years
200
lliys
Chart 4: The country wise share of india's
imports of nuclear reactors and machinery
Chart 6: The chart shows the number of tounsts from India
and Pakistan to Arerbaijan
B Patan inda
00
10 20 IGlometert
Nauticl mes 210
Few Turtle Species
anika Loggerhead Sea Turtle
INOIA
ohamça R " Specres of oceanic turtle
" Spend most of their life in
saltwater and estuarine habitat
F
" IUCN status: Vulnerable
Gahírmath
máripé Leatherback Turtle
snétuary OThe laoact afth ven species
Jambu R of sea turtles
" Able to maintain high body
Mahahadi
Paradip
A Bey of
Benga
temperature using metabolically
generated heat
*UCN status: Critically Endangered
Green Turtle
No ONamed after the greenish
peviR trawling
colour of their cartilage
"Found in tropical and
zone subtropical waters
IUCN Status: Endangered
Territorial waters (12 nautical mies) Slve Ridley Turtle
-Non-mechanized trodtional fishing zone Smallest and most abundant of
Depth in meters all sea turtles
No fishing zone 0-20
20-30
" Carnivores
No trawing zone
30-50 " They practice Unique Mass
Core area (Gahimatha maine sanduary) 50 100 Nesting called Arribada
Bufer area (Gahirmatha marine sanctuary) 100-200 " IUCN Status: Vulnernble
200
Islet and
Mudflattidaiflat
#FewTurtleSpec
River
CaseS.
Case Year Legal Issue
! Delhi Laws Act Case 1951 Legality of delegated legislation
Kerala Education
1958 Harmony between Fundamental Rights and
IBill Directive Principles
¡ Berubari Union Whether territorial cession requires
| Case 1960
constitutional amendment
Keshav Singh Case 1965 Legislative privileges and judicial review
IPresidential Poll 1974 Conduct of presidential elections amidst
I Case
assembly dissolution
ISpecial Courts Bill 1978 Clarified that vague references can be declined |
Third Judges Case 1998 Expanded the collegium system for judicial
appointments
Ram Janmabhoomi
Case 1993 Declined toYadav
answer-only instance so far
INDIA
Metallic Minerals
Metallic Minerals
Gold
Titanium
Iron ore
Copper
Chromium
Lead
Most common A FIELD GUIDE TO 6 NOTORIOUS
MOSQUITOES
mosquito-borne diseases CULEX TARSALISs
SYUEEFASCIATUS
Mosquito Type of Mosquito Disease caused
Chikungunya >
Dengue
AEDES ALBOPICTUs
Lymphatic filariasis AEDES AGYPTI
Aedes
Rift Valley fever
Yellow Fever
Zika
Lymphatic filariasis AEDES VEXANS ANOPHELES
Anopheles
Malaria
Japanese encephalitis
Culex Lymphatic filariasis
West Nile fever
Atomic Element Symbol
##4 Number
H Rare Earth Elements 21 Scandium** Sc
39 Yttrium Y
- Loc B
57 Lanthanum La
Kazal Al
58 Cerium Ce
- Dis Sc TV |Ml Fe||Co|N|| CulZn|GaGeAs Se Br
59 Praseodymium Pr
meta Rb||S Y Z N|Mol Tc Ru Rh| Pd|| Ag||Cd in | Sn Sb| T e |Xe 60 Neodymium Nd
- Key CsBa Hf Ta || Re Ir | Pt| Au H TI Pb ||B Pe At 61 Promethim Pm
BhHs 62 Samarium Sm
Neod
63 Europium Eu
- Cor LaCe Pr Nd Pm Sm EuGd Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu 64 Gadolinium Gd
Zones Ac| ThhPa||uNPuAm B|CEsFMaNol L 65 Terbium Tb
- Lars Light Rare Earth Element Heavy Rare Earth Element 66 Dysprosium Dy
millio 67 Holmium Ho
Stra 68 Erbium Er
69 Thulium Tm
depo: 70 Ytterbium Yb
Cur 71 Lutetium Lu
Total biosphere reserves in India 18
1nilgiri biosphere(kerala, karnatka, tamlinadu)
2 NANDA DEVI (uttarakhand)
3NOKREK(meghalaya)
4GULF OF MANNAR(tamilnadu)
5 SUNDARBANS(west bangal)
6 MANAs(assam)
7 GREAT NICOBAR(andman and nicobar islands)
8 SIMPLIPAL(odisha)
9 DIHANG DIBANG (arunachal pradesh)
10 DIBRU SAIKHOWA(assam)
11 PACHMARHI(madhyapradesh)
12 KHANGCHENDZONGA(sikkim)
13 AGASTHYAMALAI(keral, tamilnadu)
14 COLD DESERT (himachal pradesh)
15 PANNA (madhya pradesh)
16 SESHACHALAM HILLS (andhra pradesh)
17 RANN OF KUTCH(gujrat)
18 ACHANAKMAR AMARKANTAK( madhya pradesh)
LISTAND ITS
OF MAJOR RIVER INDIA
NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES
- Indus
- Jhelum
INDIA - PAKISTAN Chenab
- Ravi
- Beas
- Sutlej
- Brahmaputra
INDIA - CHINA -Indus
-Sutlej
- Kosi
INDIA - NEPAL Gandak
- Kali (Sharda)
- Manas
INDIA - BHUTAN - Sankosh
Jaldhaka
-Torsa
Ganga (Padma
INDIA - BANGLADESH in Bangladesh)
Brahmaputra
(Jamuna in
Bangladesh)
-Teesta
INDIA - MYANMAR Chindwin
-Kaladan
Mountain Passes in India
2ojla
kankoram
Bonil
Pir Panjal Bara Loha la
Bani hal
Rchtang Mang1ha Dhua
Bomi
Shipkila Kamet
Mana Nathu Yongyap
La oteru
Nando Niti Jelep
Dev Lipu ekh kanchtnjungu
Dipher?
oru Sh Khay Kala Ani
Ti jpncion
Ohupgarh Tyu
Armarkantat.
Thal kalubai
ghat
8hor
ghat Malhaloaleshuar
Mahendra
nlayanagiri
DodaGetta
Alghat Anai
Key Differences Between Money Bill and Financial Bill
Money Bill (Article
Feature Financial Bill (Article 117)
110)
Deals exclusively with Includes taxation and other
0Scope taxation, borrowing. non-exclusive provisions.
etc.
Introduction Only in Lok Sabha Article 117(1): Lok Sabha only;
Article 117(3): Either House.
President's Required for Article 117(1): Required for
Recommendation introduction introduction; Article 117(3):
Required for consideration.
BIOSPHERE RESERVES IN INDIA
Presently, there are 18
notified biosphere reserves
in India (2 recognized by
Cold desert UNESCO's MAB).
ANanda Devi
Dihang-dibang
Khangchendzonga
Dibru
saikhowa
Manas
Runn of kutch Panna Nokrek
Achanakmar-Amarkantak
Pachmarhi Simlipal Sunderban
zONES OF BIOSPHERE RESERVE
Seshachalam
Transition zone
Buffer zone
Nlgiri Core zone
Agasthyamalai
Gulf of manner Great nicobar
Sites In India
Gujarat
MaHgroves underban
Mumbai
Mengroves
Mangroves
Mahanadi
Mangroves
Ratnagie
Mangroves Godavari- Krshna
Goa Dta mangroves p A&N
Pichaveyam Tslon
Mangroves eshaeny Manqwesagoes
Cahia Estuveng es
Mangveves
Impact of Vulture Decline VANISHING VULTURES
High mortlty hinders India's plans of stabilis1ng its vulture population
33 drop in India's vulture population since 2003
Increase in stray dog .387 32,251 34,950 18,645
populations ’ More cases of DICLOFENA
The fatal four
IMESULuDE OPROrEN
rabies. ACICLOFENAG
pets coner couses soera gout ond couses deofh n
dcolenocthn hous of rena falure n uues thn 48 hou
Higher disease transmission sherkngn
populton
odmnsgton o cafte whn 30 hous o
ngeston
ohe rgeshon due b
hegtened tbaciy leves
’ Decaying carcasses Major habitation loss
become breeding grounds 307 _BIKANERAJASTN 2019 2020
DEATNS
for bacteria. 210
RAIGAD MAAASTRA 2010
Ocone Naoge
JAISALMER BAASTN 2021
0
EEASONS f non ds NACDA
r ng i n ecoadu
4. Government KAMRUP ASSAM 2022
EASOR Cangton af petc c d
coces ugt to con soy og popuor
! Initiatives for Vulture sURENDRANAGAR QUJASL 20o19
ASON U f NAD hng annn
Conservation
1. National Vulture Conservation Action Plan (2020-2025)
Establishment of Vulture Safe Zones (VSZs).
Ban on veterinary use of diclofenac (alternative: meloxicam).
Captive breeding programs in Haryana, West Bengal, Assam, and
Disease Transmission SyptoR Treatment Prevention
Rodensexcreta No antiviral, Rodent
Lung/kidney supportive
Hantavjrus (not humany failure
control,
human) care hygiene
Human-human Respiratory Vaccines, Masks, social
CoVID-19 (airborne) issues Jantivirals distancing
Bats, Avoid bat
Nipah contaminated
Brain Supportive contact,
Virus \inflammatig care
food biosecurity