SVKM’s NMIMS University
Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering
Course: Python Programming
PROGRAMME: B.(Tech.)/MBA(Tech.)
First Year AY 2023-2024 Semester: II
PRACTICAL 3
Part A (To be referred by students)
Looping & Strings
SAVE THE FILE AND UPLOAD AS (RollNo_Name_Exp3)
Problem Statement: Write Python program to
Looping Statements (while, for, nested loops, break, continue, else with loop), Pass and string
functions…
1. WAP to print the sum of the first n natural numbers using for loop
2. Count the number of even and odd numbers from a series of numbers P to Q using for
loop.
3. Write a program to check entered number is prime or not (make use of break)
4. Display the Fibonacci sequence up to nth term where n is provided by the user (use
while loop).
5. Print the following pattern using nested loop.
*
***
*****
6. WAP to traverse string using for loop
7. WAP to traverse string using while loop
8. Demonstrate 5 string operations using string function
9. Demonstrate using continue statement in loop
10. Demonstrate use of Pass in loop and else with loop
Topic covered: Loops (for, while) else with loop, pass & string functions
Learning Objective: Learner would be able to
1. Analyze the scenario to write script applying looping.
2. Solve the problems using looping statements
3. Understand and use pass, else, continue & break
4. Process string and perform various operations on string
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SVKM’s NMIMS University
Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering
Course: Python Programming
PROGRAMME: B.(Tech.)/MBA(Tech.)
First Year AY 2023-2024 Semester: II
Theory:
The for loop:
The for loop in Python is used to iterate over a sequence (list, tuple, string) or other
iterable objects. With for loop we can execute a set of statements, once for each item in a
list, tuple, set etc.
Syntax of for Loop
for val in sequence:
loop body
Here, val is the variable that
takes the value of the item
inside the sequence on each
iteration.
Loop continues until we reach
the last item in the sequence.
The body of for loop is
separated from the rest of the
code using indentation.
The for loop does not require an indexing variable to set beforehand, as the for command
itself allows for this.
# Print each fruit in a fruit list:
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
for x in fruits:
print(x)
Output:
apple
banana
cherry
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SVKM’s NMIMS University
Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering
Course: Python Programming
PROGRAMME: B.(Tech.)/MBA(Tech.)
First Year AY 2023-2024 Semester: II
The while loop:
The for loop in Python is used to iterate over a sequence (list, tuple, string) or other
iterable objects. With for loop we can execute a set of statements, once for each item in a
list, tuple, set etc.
Syntax of while Loop
while test_expression:
loop body
In the while loop, test expression is
checked first. The body of the loop is
entered only if
the test_expression evaluates to True.
The body starts with indentation and
the first unindented line marks the end.
Python interprets any non-zero value
as True. None and 0 are interpreted
as False.
# Program to add natural numbers up to sum = 1+2+3+...+n
n = 10
# initialize sum and counter
sum = 0
i=1
while i <= n:
sum = sum + i
i = i+1 # update counter
# print the sum
print("The sum is", sum)
Output:
The sum is 55
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SVKM’s NMIMS University
Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering
Course: Python Programming
PROGRAMME: B.(Tech.)/MBA(Tech.)
First Year AY 2023-2024 Semester: II
The range() function:
To loop through a set of code a specified number of times, we can use the range()
function, The range() function returns a sequence of numbers, starting from 0 by default,
and increments by 1 (by default), and ends at a specified number.
We can also define the start, stop and step size as range(start, stop,step_size). step_size
defaults to 1 if not provided.
# range(n) prints numbers 0 to n-1
# Outputs 0 to 5
for x in range(6):
print(x)
# Outputs 2 to 5
for x in range(2, 6):
print(x)
# Outputs 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17
for x in range(2, 20, 3):
print(x)
The break Statement:
The break statement terminates the loop containing it. Control of the program flows to
the statement immediately after the body of the loop.
If the break statement is inside a nested loop (loop inside another loop),
the break statement will terminate the innermost loop.
# Exit the loop when x is banana
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
for x in fruits:
if x == "banana":
break
print(x)
Output:
apple
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SVKM’s NMIMS University
Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering
Course: Python Programming
PROGRAMME: B.(Tech.)/MBA(Tech.)
First Year AY 2023-2024 Semester: II
The continue Statement:
The continue statement is used to skip the rest of the code inside a loop for the current
iteration only. Loop does not terminate but continues on with the next iteration.
# Exit the loop when x is banana
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
for x in fruits:
if x == "banana":
continue
print(x)
Output:
apple
cherry
Loop with else (use with for and while loop):
A for loop can have an optional else block as well. The else part is executed if the items
in the sequence used in for loop exhausts.
The break keyword can be used to stop a for loop. In such cases, the else part is ignored.
Hence, a for loop's else part runs if no break occurs.
digits = [0, 1, 5]
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SVKM’s NMIMS University
Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering
Course: Python Programming
PROGRAMME: B.(Tech.)/MBA(Tech.)
First Year AY 2023-2024 Semester: II
for i in digits:
print(i)
else:
print("No items left.")
Output:
0
1
5
No items left.
Strings….
Python Strings are immutable
In Python, strings are immutable. That means the characters of a string cannot be
changed.
message = 'Hola Amigos'
message[0] = 'H'
print(message)
Output
TypeError: 'str' object does not support item assignment
However, we can assign the variable name to a new string.
message = 'Hola Amigos'
# assign new string to message variable
message = 'Hello Friends'
prints(message); # prints "Hello Friends"
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SVKM’s NMIMS University
Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering
Course: Python Programming
PROGRAMME: B.(Tech.)/MBA(Tech.)
First Year AY 2023-2024 Semester: II
Python Multiline String
We can also create a multiline string in Python. For this, we use triple double quotes """
or triple single quotes '''.
# multiline string
message = """
Never gonna give you up
Never gonna let you down
"""
print(message)
Output
Never gonna give you up
Never gonna let you down
String Operations:
There are many operations that can be performed with strings which makes it one of the
most used data types in Python.
1. Compare Two Strings
We use the == operator to compare two strings. If two strings are equal, the operator
returns True. Otherwise, it returns False.
str1 = "Hello, world!"
str2 = "I love Python."
str3 = "Hello, world!"
# compare str1 and str2
print(str1 == str2)
# compare str1 and str3
print(str1 == str3)
Output
False
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SVKM’s NMIMS University
Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering
Course: Python Programming
PROGRAMME: B.(Tech.)/MBA(Tech.)
First Year AY 2023-2024 Semester: II
True
In the above example,
str1 and str2 are not equal. Hence, the result is False.
str1 and str3 are equal. Hence, the result is True.
2. Join Two or More Strings
In Python, we can join (concatenate) two or more strings using the + operator.
greet = "Hello, "
name = "Jack"
# using + operator
result = greet + name
print(result)
Output
Hello, Jack
Run Code
3. Iterate Through a Python String
We can iterate through a string using a for loop.
greet = 'Hello'
# iterating through greet string
for letter in greet:
print(letter)
Output
H
e
l
l
o
8|Page
SVKM’s NMIMS University
Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering
Course: Python Programming
PROGRAMME: B.(Tech.)/MBA(Tech.)
First Year AY 2023-2024 Semester: II
5. Python String Length
In Python, we use the len() method to find the length of a string.
greet = 'Hello'
# count length of greet string
print(len(greet))
Output
5
6. String Membership Test
We can test if a substring exists within a string or not, using the keyword in.
print('a' in 'program') # True
print('at' not in 'battle') False
7. Methods of Python String
Besides those mentioned above, there are various string methods present in Python. Here
are some of those methods:
Methods Description
upper() converts the string to uppercase
lower() converts the string to lowercase
partition(
returns a tuple
)
replace() replaces substring inside
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SVKM’s NMIMS University
Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering
Course: Python Programming
PROGRAMME: B.(Tech.)/MBA(Tech.)
First Year AY 2023-2024 Semester: II
find() returns the index of first occurrence of substring
rstrip() removes trailing characters
split() splits string from left
startswit
checks if string starts with the specified string
h()
isnumeri
checks numeric characters
c()
index() returns index of substring
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SVKM’s NMIMS University
Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering
Course: Python Programming
PROGRAMME: B.(Tech.)/MBA(Tech.)
First Year AY 2023-2024 Semester: II
PRACTICAL 3
Part B (to be completed by students)
Looping and Strigs
1. All the students are required to perform the given tasks in Jupyter Notebook
2. Create a new notebook for each experiment. The filename should be
RollNo_Name_Exp3)
3. In the first cell, the student must write his/her Name, roll no and class in the form of
comments
4. Every program should be written in separate cells and in the given sequence
5. After completing the experiment, download the notebook in pdf format. The filename
should be RollNo_Name_Exp3.pdf).
6. Upload the pdf on the web portal
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