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CRC Error Correction & Selective Repeat ARQ

The document discusses CRC error detection and correction, highlighting that a nonzero remainder indicates an error in the data frame, which can be corrected by flipping erroneous bits and recalculating the CRC. It also explains Selective Repeat ARQ, where individual frame acknowledgments are sent instead of cumulative ones, with the next sequence number being the lowest missing frame. In this case, frames 2, 4, and 7 were acknowledged, while frames 0, 1, 3, 5, and 6 need retransmission.

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14 views1 page

CRC Error Correction & Selective Repeat ARQ

The document discusses CRC error detection and correction, highlighting that a nonzero remainder indicates an error in the data frame, which can be corrected by flipping erroneous bits and recalculating the CRC. It also explains Selective Repeat ARQ, where individual frame acknowledgments are sent instead of cumulative ones, with the next sequence number being the lowest missing frame. In this case, frames 2, 4, and 7 were acknowledged, while frames 0, 1, 3, 5, and 6 need retransmission.

Uploaded by

milliontadele11
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1.

CRC Error Detection and Correction


CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) detects errors in a data frame using a generator polynomial. If
the remainder after division is nonzero, an error exists in the frame.
Given:
 Data frame: 1200 bits
 Generator polynomial: x⁴ + x³ + x² + 1
 Remainder after CRC calculation: 1011 (nonzero)
Since the remainder is nonzero, an error is detected in the received frame.
To correct the error, you need to locate the erroneous bit(s), flip them, and recalculate CRC until
the remainder becomes zero. The exact process requires binary division of the original frame by
the generator polynomial, which can be implemented programmatically for precise correction.
2. Selective Repeat ARQ - Acknowledgment and Next Sequence Number
Selective Repeat ARQ allows the receiver to acknowledge individual frames instead of
cumulative acknowledgments (like Go-Back-N).
Given:
 Window size: 8 frames (0 to 7)
 Successfully received frames: 2, 4, 7
Cumulative Acknowledgment Number:
In Selective Repeat ARQ, cumulative acknowledgment is not used as each frame is
individually acknowledged. Instead, the receiver will send separate ACKs for frames 2, 4, and 7.
Expected Next Sequence Number for Transmission:
The sender will retransmit missing frames: 0, 1, 3, 5, and 6, and the next sequence number will
be the lowest missing frame (i.e., 0).
CRC Error Detection and Correction:
1. The given generator polynomial is x4+x3+x2+1x^4 + x^3 + x^2 + 1, which translates to
the binary value 11011.
2. The CRC remainder obtained from the initial calculation is 1011, meaning the data frame
contains an error.
3. After correcting the error, the corrected data frame has been computed.
4. Upon recalculating the CRC, the new remainder is 0000, confirming the corrected frame
is now error-free.
Selective Repeat ARQ:
 The sender transmits frames 0 to 7.
 The receiver successfully acknowledges frames 2, 4, and 7.
 In Selective Repeat ARQ, acknowledgments are sent individually for each correctly
received frame, so no cumulative acknowledgment is sent.
 The expected next sequence number for transmission is the smallest
unacknowledged frame, which is frame 0 (assuming no other frames were
acknowledged).

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