(PN)
OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS
1. A man with normal near point reads a book with small print using a magnifying glass of
focal length 5 cm.
(i) What are the closest and farthest distances at which he can read the book when
viewing through the magnifying glass?
(ii) Obtain the maximum and minimum angular magnification possible for the
microscope.
2. A simple microscope is made up of 2 lenses of power 15D and 5D. If the image is formed at
the near point, find magnification.
3. A compound microscope has objective of focal length 1 cm and an eye piece of focal length
2.5 cm. An object has to be placed at a distance of 1.2 cm from the objective. For the final
image to be obtained at D, find the angular magnification and length of the microscope.
4. A compound microscope is made using a lens 10 mm and another 15 mm. An object is held
at 1.1 cm from the objective and final image is formed at infinity. Calculate the distance
between objective and eye piece.
5. A compound microscope consists of objective lens of focal length 2 cm and an eye piece of
focal length 6.25 cm separated by a distance of 15 cm. How far from the objective should an
object be placed to obtain final image at (i) D (ii) infinity. Find magnification in each case.
6. A person with normal near point using a compound microscope with an objective of focal
length 8 mm and eye piece of focal length 2.5 cm can bring an object placed at 9mm from
the objective in sharp focus. What is the separation between the two lenses? What is the
magnification of the microscope?
7. In a compound microscope, an object is placed at 1.5 cm from an objective of focal length
1.25cm. If eyepiece has a focal length of 5cm and the final image is at near point, find its
magnifying power.
8. A compound microscope has objective lens of focal length 3 cm and eyepiece of focal length
9 cm. Where must the object be placed so that the final image is . Separation between the
lenses is 24cm. Also find the magnification.
9. In a compound microscope an object is placed at a distance of 1.5 cm from the objective of
focal length 1.25 cm. If the eye piece has a focal length of 5 cm and the final image is formed
at the near point, find the magnifying power of the microscope.
10. An angular magnification of 30 is desired using an objective of focal length 1.25 cm and an
eye piece of focal length 5 cm. How would you set up the microscope?
11. A giant refracting telescope has an objective lens of focal length 15m. If an eye piece of focal
length 1 cm is used, what is the angular magnification of the telescope?
If this telescope is used to view the moon, what is the diameter of the image of the moon
formed by the objective lens? Given diameter of the moon = 3.48 x 106 m and radius of the
lunar orbit = 3.8 x 108 m.
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12. A telescope of tube length 80cm provides a magnification 19. Find the focal length of objective
and eyepiece.
13. A small telescope has an objective lens of focal length 150 cm and eyepiece of focal length 5
cm. If this is used to view a100m high tower 3 km away, find the height of final image when
it is formed 25 cm away from eyepiece.
14. The magnifying power of an astronomical telescope in normal adjustment is 2.9 and the
objective and the eye piece are separated by a distance of 150 cm. Find the focal lengths of the
two lenses.
15. The focal lengths of the objective and the eye piece of a compound microscope are 1 cm and
2.5 cm respectively. Find the tube length of the microscope for obtaining a magnification of
300.
With the help of a ray diagram explain the working of a reflecting telescope. Mention two
advantages of a reflecting telescope over a refracting telescope.
16. (i) Draw a labelled ray diagram showing the formation of the image at infinity by an
astronomical telescope.
(ii) A telescope consists of an objective of focal length 150 cm and an eye piece of focal length
6 cm. If the final image is formed at infinity, then calculate
(a) the length of the tube in this adjustment.
(b) the magnification produced.
17. (i) Draw a labelled ray diagram showing the formation of the image at least distance of
distinct vision by a compound microsope.
(ii) A small object is placed at a distance of 3 cm from a magnifier of focal length 4 cm. Find
(a) the position of the image formed.
(b) the linear magnification produced.
18. CASE STUDY
A compound microscope consists of two converging lenses. One of them, of smaller aperture
and smaller focal length is called objective and the other of slightly larger aperture and
slightly larger focal length is called eye piece. Both the lenses are fitted in a tube with an
arrangement to vary the distance between them. A tiny object is placed in front of the
objective at a distance slightly greater than its focal length. The objective produces the image
of the object which acts as an object for the eye piece. The eye piece, in turn produces the final
magnified image.
(i) In a compound microscope the images formed by the objective and the eye piece
are respectively.
(a) vitual, real (b) real, virtual (c) virtual, virtual (d) real, real
(ii) The magnification due to a compound microscope does not depend upon
(a) the aperture of the objective and the eye piece
(b) the focal length of the objective and the eye piece
(c) the length of the tube
(d) the colour of the light used
(iii) Which of the following is not correct in the context of a compound microscope?
(a) both the lenses are of short focal lengths
(b) the magnifying power increases by decreasing the focal lengths of the two
lenses
(PN)
(c) the distance between the two lenses is more than fo + fe
(d) the microscope can be used as a telescope by interchanging the two lenses.
(iv) A compound microscope consists of an objective of 10X and an eye piece of 20X.
The magnification due to the microscope would be
(a) 2 (b) 10 (c) 30 (d) 200
(v) The focal lengths of objective and eye piece of a compound microscope are 1.2 cm
and 3 cm respectively. The object is placed at a distance of 1.25 cm from the
objective. If the final image is formed at infinity, the magnifying power of the
microscope would be
(a) 100 (b) 150 (c) 200 (d) 250
19. With the help of a ray diagram explain the working of a reflecting telescope. Mention two
advantages of a reflecting telescope over a refracting telescope.
20. An optical instrument uses a lens of power 100D for objective lens and 50D for its eye piece.
When the tube length is kept at 25 cm, the final image is formed at infinity.
(i) Identify the optical instrument.
(ii) Calculate the magnification produced by the instrument.
21. What is the difference in the construction of an astronomical telescope and a compound
microscope? The focal lengths of the objective and eye piece of a compound are 1.25 cm and
5 cm respectively. Find the position of the object relative to the objective in order to obtain an
angular magnification of 30 when the final image is formed at the near point.
22. With the help of a labelled ray diagram, explain the construction and working of a Cassegrain
reflecting telescope.
23. An amateur astronomer wishes to estimate roughly the size of the sun using his crude
telescope consisting of an objective lens of focal length 200 cm and an eye piece of focal length
10 cm. By adjusting the distance of the eye piece from the objective, he obtains an image of
the sun on a screen 40 cm behind the eye piece. The diameter of the sun’s image is measured
to be 6 cm. Estimate the sun’s size, given that the average earth – sun distance is 1.5 x 1011 m.
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