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Class Size, Boundaries, and Frequencies

The document discusses statistical concepts including the difference between class size and class boundary, as well as the definition of relative cumulative frequency. It provides a practical application with data on students' monthly allowances, detailing calculations for range, class intervals, class boundaries, relative frequency, and cumulative frequency. Additionally, it includes tax assessment data and student scores, suggesting the use of bar and pie charts for visual representation.

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rowlandasitonka2019
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10 views4 pages

Class Size, Boundaries, and Frequencies

The document discusses statistical concepts including the difference between class size and class boundary, as well as the definition of relative cumulative frequency. It provides a practical application with data on students' monthly allowances, detailing calculations for range, class intervals, class boundaries, relative frequency, and cumulative frequency. Additionally, it includes tax assessment data and student scores, suggesting the use of bar and pie charts for visual representation.

Uploaded by

rowlandasitonka2019
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

QUESTION ONE:

(a) Differentiate between class size and class boundary of a distribution

(b) Define relative cumulative frequency of a distribution.

Solution:

1. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CLASS SIZE AND CLASS BOUNDARY:

- Class size refers to the difference between the upper and lower limit of a class interval in a

grouped frequency distribution.

- Class boundary, on the other hand, refers to the actual limits used to avoid gaps between

class intervals, usually found by subtracting or adding 0.5 to the class limits.

2. DEFINITION OF RELATIVE CUMULATIVE FREQUENCY:

- Relative cumulative frequency is the proportion of the cumulative frequency in relation to

the total number of data points. It is obtained by dividing the cumulative frequency of a class

by the total frequency.

QUESTION TWO:

The set of data are for the monthly allowance of students in the university in Nigeria.

22, 35, 30, 29, 35, 15, 36, 17, 30, 40, 10, 13, 21, 33, 16, 17, 18, 20, 31, 40, 18, 15, 14, 25, 26.

Requirement:

1. Determine the range of the distribution

2. Determine the class interval for the distribution

3. Compute the class boundaries

4. Compute the relative frequency

5. Compute the cumulative frequency


Solution:

- Range of the distribution: 30

- Class interval width: 6

Frequency Distribution Table:

Class Interval Class Boundaries Frequency Relative Cumulative


Frequency Frequency
10-15 9.5-15.5 5 0.2 5
16-21 15.5-21.5 7 0.28 12
22-27 21.5-27.5 3 0.12 15
28-33 27.5-33.5 5 0.2 20
34-39 33.5-39.5 3 0.12 23

QUESTION THREE:

The table below shows data from tax assessment report of a particular retail company.

S/N CATEGORY OF THE TAX PAYERS ANNUAL INCOME (N)


1. Senior Managers 58,000
2. Accountants 52,000
3. Internal Auditor 31,000
4. External Auditor 36,000
5. Customer Relationship Managers 46,000
6. Senior Staff 26,000
7. Junior Staff 84,000

Requirements: Use a simple bar chart to present the data gathered above.
Solution:

Bar Chart showing Annual Income of Tax Payers by Category:

Question Four:

The table below shows the scores of students in statistics exam from different department in

a university.

S/N FACULTY STUDENT SCORE

1. Accounting 70

2. Business Administration 60

3. Economics 80

4. Management 40

Requirements: Construct a pie chart to present the information.


Solution:

Pie Chart showing Students' Scores in Statistics Exam by Faculty:

Common questions

Powered by AI

Class size is the difference between the upper and lower limit of a class interval, whereas class boundary is used to avoid gaps between class intervals, usually found by adjusting 0.5 from/to the class limits .

A bar chart effectively compares categories by their frequencies or values through the height of bars, offering a clear visual representation that is easy to interpret and useful for identifying trends or disparities among the categories .

Class boundaries are used to eliminate gaps between class intervals associated with class limits, ensuring continuity in the frequency distribution. They are typically found by adding or subtracting 0.5 from class limits .

Relative frequency indicates the proportion of each class relative to the total number of observations, providing insights into the data distribution and enabling easier comparison between classes or distributions of different sizes .

The range is calculated by subtracting the smallest value from the largest value in the dataset. It provides a quick overview of data spread and is essential for understanding variability, though it doesn't indicate distribution shape or outliers .

Calculating these parameters helps in organizing the data into a structured format that simplifies analysis. The range indicates overall spread, class intervals define groupings for detailed analysis, and class boundaries ensure data continuity, together facilitating comprehensive insights into data distribution patterns .

Relative cumulative frequency is calculated by dividing the cumulative frequency of the class by the total number of data points in the distribution .

The class interval width determines the span of data each class in a frequency distribution covers. A wider class interval encompasses more data points per class, potentially leading to less detail, while a narrower class interval provides more detail but requires more classes, complicating the distribution table .

Ensure each slice is proportional to the category's value relative to the total. Use distinct colors or patterns for each slice, label slices clearly or provide a legend, and limit the number of slices to maintain clarity and avoid clutter .

Cumulative frequency is computed by successively adding the frequencies of all previous classes up to the current class. It is significant because it helps to understand the distribution of data points over the entire dataset and to calculate the median or other percentiles .

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