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CHAPTER - 2
(FIRE INSURANCE CLAIMS)
FORMAT FOR INSURANCE CLAIMS
STEP 1: PREPARATION OF TRADING ACCOUNT.
STEP 2: ASCERTAINMENT OF RATE OF GROSS PROFIT.
STEP 3: PREPARATION OF MEMORANDUM TRADING ACCOUNT.
STEP 4: ASCERTAINMENT OF “ACTUAL AMOUNT OF LOSS”.
STEP 5: ASCERTAINMENT OF “CLAIM AMOUNT”.
STEP 1: PREPARATION OF TRADING ACCOUNT FOR THE YEAR ENDING…
Dr. Cr.
PARTICULARS AMOUNT PARTICULARS AMOUNT
To Opening stock XX
To purchase XX By sales XX
LESS: Purchase returns LESS: Sales return
To carriage inwards XX By closing stock XX
To Wages XX ADD: stock written off
To manufacturing expense (factory XX
expenses)
To custom duties or (clearance charges) XX
To coal, gas, water, power, fuel XX
To Wages and salaries XX
To Commission XX
To gross profit (b/f) XX
TOTAL XX TOTAL XX
STEP 2: ASCERTAINMENT OF RATE OF GROSS PROFIT
RATE OF GROSS PROFIT = GROSS PROFIT X 100
NET SALES
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STEP 3: PREPARATION OF MEMORANDUM TRADING ACCOUNT FROM THE BEING OF
THE YEAR TILL THE FIRE ACCIDENT
DR. CR.
PARTICULARS AMOUNT PARTICULARS AMOUNT
To Opening stock XX
To purchase XX By sales XX
LESS: Purchase returns / Drawings / LESS: Sales return / unrecorded
Advertisement/unrecorded purchase sales / sale not dispatched/
To carriage inwards XX By closing stock XX
To Wages XX
To manufacturing expense (factory expenses) XX By gross loss
To custom duties or (clearance charges) XX
To coal, gas, water, power, fuel XX
To Wages and salaries XX
To Commission XX
To gross profit (b/f) XX
TOTAL XX TOTAL XX
STEP 4: ASCERTAINMENT OF “ACTUAL AMOUNT OF LOSS”
PARTICULARS AMOUNT
Stock on the date of fire / closing stock XX
LESS: Goods saved / salvaged goods / salvage value / scrap XX
TOTAL XXX
ADD: Expenses incurred for extinguishing fire, if any XXX
ACTUAL AMOUNT OF LOSS XXX
STEP 5: ASCERTAINMENT OF “CLAIM AMOUNT”
Amount of claim = Policy amount X Actual loss of stock
Stock on the date of fire / closing stock
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THEORY QUESTIONS
1. What is Insurance?
It is an agreement between Insured and Insurer to compensate the losses suffered due to
uncertainties in future, for a consideration called premium.
2. What is meant by Fire Claims?
It is a kind of General insurance where an agreement is made between the industry (i.e.,
insured) and General Insurance Company (i.e., insurer) to indemnify the compensation for the
loss of stock or profit due to fire accident, for a consideration called premium.
3. Who is an Insured?
Insured is a person/industry/asset, to whom/which the insurance is made. The
compensation shall be received on happening of certain event determined i.e., death of a
person or destroy of asset or properties.
4. Who is Insurer?
Insurer is an insurance company which pays the losses suffered by the insured on
happening of certain event estimated in advance i.e., death of a person or destroy of asset or
properties.
5. What is Trading Account?
Trading Account is a ledger prepared to find out the Gross Profit of an accounting year.
It includes the trading activities done by an industry during a financial year.
6. When do we have to prepare the previous year’s ‘trading account under insurance?
The previous year’s trading account is prepared to find out the last year gross profit to
help the calculation of Gross Profit during the year in which fire accident occurred, to find
out the stock on the date of fire accident.
7. What is Gross Profit Ratio?
Gross Profit Ratio is a ratio which shows the relationship between the Gross Profit
and Net Sales.
Net Sales = Total Sales – Return inwards.
8. How do you calculate Gross Profit Ratio?
Gross Profit Ratio = Gross Profit x100
Net Sales
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9. What is Memorandum Trading Account?
The Memorandum Trading Account is similar to usual trading account. It is prepared
from the begin date of accounting year and till the date of fire accident. It is not prepared as
per double entry system of booking.
10. What is meant by Salvage?
The value of stock saved from the fire accident is called salvaged stock. Sometimes it
is also referred as scrap value or realizable value of stock. The saved stock should be
deducted from the stock of the date of fire.
11. What is average clause?
The average clause is a provision often found in insurance policies, particularly in property
and marine insurance. It ensures that the insured does not underinsure their property. If the
property is underinsured at the time of a loss, the insurance payout may be reduced
proportionally to the amount of underinsurance