Name: ____________________________________________
Chemistry Independent Study Booklet
GCSE Content – The Periodic Table
Key Questions
1) How are the elements ordered on the periodic table?
2) What is the same about elements in the same group?
3) How were elements ordered on periodic tables in the past?
4) What was the main problem with older versions of the periodic table?
5) How did Mendeleev improve the periodic table?
6) Why was Mendeleev’s periodic table eventually accepted by scientists?
7) How are metals and non-metals separated on the periodic table?
8) Complete the table to compare the properties of metals and non-metals
Property Metals Non-metals
Appearance
Electrical conductivity
Melting and boiling points
Flexibility
9) What are the elements in group 0 called?
10) Why are the elements in group 0 unreactive?
11) What is the pattern in melting and boiling points in group 0?
12) What are the elements in group 1 called? Why do they have this name?
13) Complete the word equation below:
Sodium + water _____________________ + ____________
14) Describe three observations seen when group 1 elements react with water:
1)
2)
3)
15) What happens to group 1 elements when they react?
16) Explain the pattern of reactivity in group 1
17) Describe the compounds formed by reactions of group 1 metals
Name: ____________________________________________
18) What are the elements in group 7 called?
19) Explain what it means to say “group 7 elements are diatomic”
20) Describe the pattern in melting and boiling points in group 7
21) What happens to group 7 elements when they react?
22) Explain the pattern in reactivity in group 7
23) Explain, using an equation, what a displacement reaction is
24) Where are transition elements found on the periodic table?
25) Complete the table to compare the properties of group 1 metals with the properties of transition metals:
Property Group 1 Metals Transition Metals
Strength
Hardness
Density
Melting and boiling points
Reactivity
Ions formed
Q1. This question is about Group 7 elements. Chlorine is more reactive than iodine.
(a) Name the products formed when chlorine solution reacts with potassium iodide solution.
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(1)
(b) Explain why chlorine is more reactive than iodine.
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(3)
(Total 4 marks)
Q1. This question is about groups in the periodic table.
The elements in Group 1 become more reactive going down the group.
Rubidium is below potassium in Group 1.
Name: ____________________________________________
(a) Rubidium and potassium are added to water.
Predict one observation you would see that shows that rubidium is more reactive than
potassium.
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(1)
(b) Explain why rubidium is more reactive than potassium.
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(3)
(c) Complete the equation for the reaction of rubidium with water.
You should balance the equation.
Rb + H 2O → +
(3)
The noble gases are in Group 0.
(d) Which is a correct statement about the noble gases?
Tick (✓) one box.
The noble gases all have atoms with eight electrons in the
outer shell.
The noble gases have boiling points that increase going
down the group.
The noble gases have molecules with two atoms.
The noble gases react with metals to form ionic compounds.
(1)
(Total 8 marks)
Name: ____________________________________________
Q4. The table shown below was devised by John Newlands in 1864. He arranged the elements in order
of their relative atomic masses. He found a repeating pattern, with elements having similar properties in
the vertical columns (Groups). He called this pattern the ‘Law of Octaves’, because elements with similar
properties seemed to be repeated every eighth element.
H Li Be B C N O
F Na Mg Al Si P S
Cl K Ca Cr Ti Mn Fe
Co/Ni Cu Zn Y In As Se
Br Rb Sr Ce/La Zr Di/Mo Ro/Ru
Pd Ag Cd U Sn Sb Te
I Cs Ba/V Ta W Nb Au
Pt/Ir TI Pb Th Hg Bi Os
(a) Many scientists were critical of Newlands’ Law of Octaves.
Suggest why other scientists were critical of the Law of Octaves.
You should give examples from the table and use your knowledge of the chemistry of the
elements.
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(3)
(b) The diagram below shows a version of Mendeleev’s Periodic Table of 1871.
Mendeleev placed most of the elements in order of relative atomic mass.
This table became accepted by other scientists.
Give two ways in which Mendeleev’s table improved on Newlands’ table.
1 ____________________________________________________________
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2 ____________________________________________________________
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(2)
(Total 5 marks)