CBC-ICT Notes msL¨v c×wZ I wWwRUvj wWfvBm

Established By : Dr. Md. Jahed Khan,Approved By: Government & Ctg. Education Board
College Code-3639 EIIN-135345 College Code-3613 EIIN-134628

City Biggan College Ctg Biggan College

cov‡jLv I djvd‡ji gvb wePv‡i PÆMÖvg wk¶v‡ev‡W©i †miv K‡jR|
wmwU weÁvb K‡jR : †ivW-25,AvMÖvev` wmwWG, PÆMÖvg | 01817-291888,01819-382477
PÆMÖvg weÁvb K‡jR : 254, †`e cvnvo, K‡jR †ivW, PKevRvi, PÆMÖvg | 01817-291888, 01819-382477
S ylla bu s : Name :
Campus :
Z_¨ I †hvMv‡hvM cÖhyw³ : 3q Aa¨vq
Section :
msL¨v c×wZ I wWwRUvj wWfvBm CBC Gi m¤§vwbZ wk¶K-wkw¶Kve„Ü K¬v‡m Aek¨B D³ ‡bv‡U
Reference Books: we`¨gvb cÖkœ¸‡jv fvjfv‡e eywS‡q w`‡eb | AwZwi³ Creative
Question cÖ‡qvRb n‡j Zv K‡j‡Ri gva¨‡g mieivn Ki‡eb|

‡gavex wk¶v_©xiv †h Kvi‡Y CBC †Z fwZ© nq :

 miKvwi K‡jRmgy‡ ni g‡Zv CBC Gi wk¶v_©xiv I gva¨wgK I D”P gva¨wgK wk¶v‡evW©, PÆMÖvg Gi Aax‡b †evW© cix¶v †`q Ges wbR
K‡j‡Ri bv‡gB mvwU©wd‡KU cvq | CBC = City Biggan College = Chattagram Biggan College
 miKvwi K‡jRmgy‡ n HSC †Z Golden A+/A+ wb‡q fwZ© n‡qI A‡bK wk¶v_©x HSC †Z Kvw•LZ djvdj Ki‡Z cv‡i bv, A_P
CBC †Z †h †Kvb GPA wb‡q fwZ© n‡q kZ kZ wk¶v_©x Golden A+/A+ cvq |
 †Kvb K‡jR, †KvwPs ev cÖvB‡fU wUDUi †bvU w`‡q covq bv| wKš‘ cÖK„Zc‡¶ †`Lv hvq, mg¯Í welq Ges me¸‡jv welq GKmv‡_ †bvU Kiv
bv _vK‡j cov Ges g‡b ivLv AZ¨šÍ KwVb n‡q c‡o (KviY, HSC Gi wm‡jevm A‡bK eo )| Avgv‡`i cÖwZwU †bvU Avgv‡`i AK¬všÍ
cwikª‡gi dmj | GKRb QvÎ /wk¶K Lye Kg mg‡q GKwU Chapter covi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i †bv‡Ui †Kvb weKí †bB |
 cov‡bvi mgq cÖwZwU wel‡qi Basic conception Gi Dci ¸iæZ¡ †`qv nq| d‡j HSC †Z A+ cvevi ci QvÎQvÎxiv †gwW‡Kj,
ey‡qU cÖf„wZ fwZ© cix¶vq PvÝ cvq| hvi kZ kZ cÖgvY Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q Av‡Q|

CBC-1:wmwU weÁvb K‡jR CBC-2:PÆMÖvg weÁvb K‡jR 1

CBC-ICT Notes msL¨v c×wZ I wWwRUvj wWfvBm
-: Aa¨vq 3:-
msL¨v c×wZ I wWwRUvj wWfvBm
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ ÔKÕ bs (Ávbg~jK) cÖ‡kœi Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖ‡kœvËimg~n
1| ‡Kvb m~‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ RwUj jwRK¨vj G·‡cÖk‡bi 21| MSB Gi c~Y©iƒc Kx?
mijxKiY Kiv hvq? DËi: MSB Gi c~Y©iƒc n‡”Q Most Significant Bit.
DËi: eywjqvb m~‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ RwUj jwRK¨vj G·‡cÖk‡bi 22| LSB Gi c~Y©iƒc Kx?
mijxKiY Kiv hvq| DËi: LSB Gi c~Y©iƒc n‡”Q Least Significant Bit.
2| John Napier’s Gi wfwË KZ? 23| BCD ‡KvW Kx?
DËi: John Napier’s Gi wfwË n‡”Q 2. DËi: BCD ‡KvW n‡jv †Kv‡bv `kwgK msL¨vi wØwgK mgZz‡ji
3| Babylonian msL¨v c×wZi wfwËi KZ? mivmwi cÖwZwbwaZ¡KiY|
DËi: Babylonian msL¨v c×wZi wfwË n‡”Q 60. 24| wØwgK †KvW Kx?
4| Roman msL¨v c×wZi wfwË KZ? DËi: wØwgK †KvW n‡jv †U·U A_ev Kw¤úDUvi cÖ‡mm‡ii
DËi: Roman msL¨v c×wZi wfwË n‡”Q 10. wb‡`©kvewj `ywU wØwgK msL¨v 0 Ges 1- Gi gva¨‡g
5| ‡ivgvb c×wZ Kx ai‡bi msL¨v c×wZ? Dc¯’vcb Kivi c×wZ|
DËi: ‡ivgvb c×wZ n‡jv bb-cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ| 25| ‡iwR÷vi Kx?
6| cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ‡Z GKwU gvb †ei Kivi Rb¨ DËi: ‡iwR÷vi n‡jv wØwgK msiÿY K‡ÿi GKwU mvwi hv
KqwU †WUv `iKvi nq? wØwgK Z_¨ a‡i ivL‡Z mÿg|
DËi: cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ‡Z GKwU gvb †ei Kivi Rb¨ 26| EBCDIC Gi c~Y©iƒc Kx?
wZbwU ‡WUv `iKvi nq| DËi: EBCDIC Gi c~Y©iƒc n‡”Q Extended Binary
7| `kwgK msL¨v c×wZi wfwË KZ? Coded Decimal Interchange.
DËi: `kwgK msL¨v c×wZi wfwË n‡”Q 10. 27| ASCII Gi c~Y©iƒc Kx?
8| weU Kx? DËi: ASCII Gi c~Y©iƒc n‡”Q American Standard
DËi: 0 Ges 1 G wPý `ywUB ms‡ÿ‡c weU (Bit ev Binary Code for Information Interchange.
digit). 28| A Gi ASCII Code Gi `kwgK gvb KZ?
9| me‡P‡q mijZg msL¨v c×wZi bvg Kx? DËi: A Gi ASCII Code Gi `kwgK gvb n‡”Q 65.
DËi: me‡P‡q mijZg msL¨v c×wZ n‡jv evBbvwi msL¨v 29| ‡h †Kv‡bv ai‡bi hyw³wbf©i Acv‡iUiB jwRK
c×wZ| Acv‡iUi|
10| AKUvj msL¨v c×wZi wfwË KZ? 30| mZ¨K mviwY Kx?
DËi: AKUvj msL¨v c×wZi wfwË n‡”Q 8. DËi: ‡h †Uwej ev mviwYi gva¨‡g wewfbœ †MB‡Ui Kvh©bxwZ‡K
11| AKUvj msL¨v c×wZ‡Z †g․wjK wPý KqwU? cÖKvk Kiv nq, Zv-B mZ¨K mviwY|
DËi: AKUvj msL¨v c×wZ‡Z †g․wjK wPý 8wU| 31| Ôwd¬c-d¬cÕ Kx?
12| ‡n·v‡Wwm‡gj msL¨vi wfwË KZ? DËi: Ôwd¬c-d¬cÕ n‡jv GK cÖKvi †g‡gvwi A¨vwj‡g›Um|
DËi: ‡n·v‡Wwm‡gj msL¨vi wfwË n‡”Q 16. 32| wWwRUvj c×wZ Kx?
13| evBbvwi msL¨v c×wZi wfwË KZ? DËi: ‡h c×wZ‡Z µg-cwieZ©bkxj ms‡KZ e¨envi bv K‡i
DËi: evBbvwi msL¨v c×wZi wfwË n‡”Q 2. ¯Íi-cwieZ©bkxj ms‡KZ e¨envi Kiv nq Zv-B wWwRUvj
14| evBbvwi msL¨vq KZwU weU _v‡K? c×wZ|
DËi: evBbvwi msL¨vq `ywU weU _v‡K| 33| ‘Complement’- kãwUi evsjv A_© Kx?
15| AKUvj 7 Gi evBbvwi gvb KZ? DËi: ‘Complement’ kãwUi evsjv A_© n‡jv Dëv Kiv|
DËi: AKUvj 7 Gi evBbvwi gvb n‡”Q 111. 34| ‡n·v‡Wwm‡gj msL¨v c×wZ Kx?
16| AKUvj 6 Gi evBbvwi msL¨v KZ? DËi: ‡h msL¨v c×wZ‡Z 0 †_‡K 9 GB 10wU msL¨v cÖZxK Ges
DËi: AKUvj 6 Gi evBbvwi msL¨v n‡”Q 110. Bs‡iwR A,B,C,D,E,F eY© e¨envi K‡i msL¨v MVb
17| 1wU evB‡U KZwU weU _v‡K? Kiv nq, Zv-B †n·v‡Wwm‡gj msL¨v c×wZ|
DËi: 1wU evB‡U 4wU weU _v‡K| 35| ‡KvwWs Kx?
18| mvBÛ bv¤^vi Kx? DËi: `kwgK c×wZi wewfbœ cÖZxK, eY©gvjvi eY©mg~n,
DËi: wPý ev mvBbhy³ msL¨vB g~jZ mvBÛ bv¤^vi| hwZwPýmg~n BZ¨vw`‡K wfbœ wfbœ evBbvwi msL¨v w`‡q
19| BCD Kx? Dc¯’vcb Kivi c×wZB n‡jv †KvwWs|
DËi: BCD GKwU 4 weU evBbvwi wfwËK †KvW| 36| ‡n·v‡Wwm‡gj F- Gi †Wwm‡gj iƒc Kx?
DËi: ‡n·v‡Wwm‡gj F-Gi †Wwm‡gj iƒc n‡jv 15.
20| BCD Gi c~Y©iƒc Kx? 37| NOT ‡MU Kx?
DËi: BCD Gi c~Y©iƒc n‡”Q Binary Coded Decimal.
CBC-1:wmwU weÁvb K‡jR CBC-2:PÆMÖvg weÁvb K‡jR 2
CBC-ICT Notes msL¨v c×wZ I wWwRUvj wWfvBm
DËi: ‡h jwRK †M‡U GKwU gvÎ Bbcy‡Ui Rb¨ †Kej GKwU DËi: ‡h †iwR÷vi †WUv msiÿ‡Yi cvkvcvwk aviYK…Z †WUv‡K
AvDUcyU cvIqv hvq, Zv-B NOT ‡MU| GKw eU GK weU K‡i Wv‡b ev ev‡g miv‡Z cv‡i, Zv-B
38| Ai †MU Kx? wkdU †iwR÷vi|
DËi: hvi mKj BbcyU 0 n‡j AvDUcyU 0 nq Ges †h‡Kv‡bv 55| BDwb‡KvW Kx?
GKwU BbcyU 1 n‡j AvDUcyU 1 nq Zv-B Ai †MU e‡j| DËi: c„w_exi cÖvq mKj fvlvi Dc‡hvMx K‡i Kw¤úDUv‡i
39| NOR ‡MU Kx? e¨env‡ii Rb¨ †h †Kv‡Wi e¨e¯’v Kiv nq, Zv-B
DËi: GKwU NOT ‡MU I GKwU OR ‡M‡Ui mgš^‡q ‡h †MU BDwb‡KvW|
•Zwi nq, Zv-B NOR ‡MU| 56| eywjqvb ¯^Ztwm× Kx?
40| X-NOR ‡MU Kx? DËi: ‡hvM I ¸‡Yi †ÿ‡Î eywjqvb A¨vj‡Reiv KZ¸‡jv wbqg
DËi: X-NOR ‡MU Ges NOT ‡M‡Ui mgš^‡q MwVZ †MUB †g‡b P‡j, GB wbqg¸‡jvB n‡jv eywjqvb ¯^Ztwm×|
57| eywjqvb A¨vj‡Reiv †K cÖeZ©b K‡ib?
X-NOR ‡MU|
41| 2-Gi cwicyiK Kx? DËi: MwYZwe` RR© eyj eywjqvb A¨vj‡Reiv cÖeZ©b K‡ib|
58| msL¨v c×wZ Kx?
DËi: FYvZ¥K msL¨v cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ •eÁvwbK‡`i Dc¯’vwcZ
c×wZwU n‡jv 2©- Gi cwicyiK| DËi: ‡Kv‡bv msL¨v †jLv ev cÖKvk Kivi c×wZB n‡jv msL¨v
42| MYbv c×wZ Kx? c×wZ|
59| 2 Gi cwic~iK MVb Kx?
DËi: mvs‡KwZK wPýmg~n e¨envi K‡i †Kv‡bv wKQzi cwigvY
wbY©‡qi †K․kjB n‡jv MYbv c×wZ| DËi: ‡Kv‡bv evBbvwi msL¨vi 1 Gi evBbvwi cwic~iK Gi mv‡_
43| A¯’vwbK msL¨v c×wZ Kx? 1 †hvM Kiv n‡j Zv‡K 2 Gi cwic~iK ejv nq|
60| jwRK †MBU Kx?
DËi: ‡h msL¨v c×wZ‡Z wP‡ýi Avjv`v †Kv‡bv ¯’vwbK gvb †bB,
ZvB A¯’vwbK msL¨v c×wZ| DËi: ‡h mKj wWwRUvj B‡j±ªwbK mvwK©U hyw³wfwËK ms‡K‡Zi
44| ¯’vwbK msL¨v c×wZ Kx? cÖevn wbqš¿Y K‡i †m mKj mvwK©UB jwRK †MBU|
61| A¨vWvi Kx?
DËi: ‡h msL¨v c×wZ‡Z wP‡ýi wbw`©ó ¯’vwbK gvb _v‡K, Zv-B
¯’vwbK msL¨v c×wZ| DËi: ‡h •e`y¨wZK mgevq mvwK©U Øviv †hvM Kiv hvq, Zv-B
45| ‘LSB’ Kx? A¨vWvi|
62| Ai †MB‡Ui •ewkó¨ Kx?
DËi: ‡Kv‡bv msL¨vi me‡P‡q Wv‡b Aew¯’Z weUwUB n‡jv LSB
46| ‘MSB’ Kx? DËi: Ai †MB‡Ui Ab¨Zg •ewkó¨ n‡”Q Gi †h †Kv‡bv GKwU
BbcyU 1 n‡j AvDUcyU 1 n‡e|
DËi: ‡Kv‡bv msL¨vi me‡P‡q Wv‡b Aew¯’Z weUwUB n‡jv LSB. 63| bi (NOR) ‡M‡Ui •ewkó¨ Kx?
47| eywjqvb Dccv`¨ Kx?
DËi: NOR ‡M‡Ui cÖavb •ewkó¨ n‡jv mKj BbcyU 0 n‡j
DËi: eywjqvb A¨vj‡Reivi RwUj mgxKiY‡K mijxKiY Kivi
AvDUcyU 1 n‡e Ab¨_vq AvDUcyU 0 n‡e|
Rb¨ wKQz Dccv`¨ e¨envi Kiv nq, Zv-B eywjqvb 64| me©Rbxb †MU Kx?
Dccv`¨|
48| ‘Counter’ Kx? DËi: ‡h †M‡Ui mvnv‡h¨ me¸‡jv †g․wjK †M‡Ui ev¯Íevqb Kiv
hvq ZvB me©Rbxb †MU|
DËi: ‡h eZ©bxi mvnv‡h¨ MYbvi KvR m¤úbœ Kiv hvq, Zv-B 65| ‡h․wMK †MU Kx?
Counter.
DËi: ‡h †MU GK ev GKvwaK †g․wjK †M‡Ui mgš^‡q MwVZ ZvB
49| AND ‡MU Kx?
†h․wMK †MU|
DËi: ‡h †M‡U mKj BbcyU 1 n‡j AvDUcyU 1 nq Ges 66| ‡g․wjK †MU Kx?
†h‡Kv‡bv GKwU BbcyU 0 n‡j AvDUcyU 0 nq, Zv-B DËi: eywjqvb A¨vj‡Reivq †g․wjK wZbwU wµqv AND, OR I
AND ‡MU| NOT ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ †hme †MU e¨envi Kiv nq
50| Aa©‡hvM eZ©bx Kx?
†m¸‡jvB n‡jv †g․wjK †MU|
DËi: ‡h mgevq eZ©bx‡Z evBbvwi `ywU AsK‡K †hvM Ki‡j 67| ‘ASCII’ Kx?
†hvMdj Ges K¨vwi weU cvIqv hvq, Zv-B Aa©‡hvM DËi: ASCII n‡jv eZ©gv‡b Kw¤úDUv‡i e¨eüZ 7 we‡Ui
eZ©bx|
51| c~Y©‡hvM eZ©bx Kx? †KvwWs wm‡÷g|
DËi: ‡h mgevq eZ©bx‡Z evBbvwi `ywU AsK QvovI K¨vwi †hvM 68| me©Rbxb †MU KqwU?
K‡i †hvMdj Ges K¨vwi cvIqv hvq, Zv-B c~Y©‡hvM
DËi: me©Rbxb †MU n‡jv 2wU|
eZ©bx|
69| evBbvwi msL¨v c×wZ Kx?
52| evdvi †iwR÷vi Kx?
DËi: ‡h msL¨v c×wZ‡Z msL¨v MYbv Kivi Rb¨ gvÎ 2wU A¼
DËi: `ywU Amgvb MwZi hš¿vs‡ki g‡a¨ mgš^‡qi Rb¨ †h
ev cÖZxK e¨eüZ nq Zv-B evBbvwi msL¨v c×wZ|
†iwR÷vi e¨envi nq, Zv-B evdvi †iwR÷vi| 70| ‡KvW Kx?
53| ÔmsL¨Õ Kx?
DËi: msL¨v n‡”Q GKwU Dcv`vb hv MYbv, cwigvY Ges cwigvc DËi: ‡Kv‡bv GKwU we‡kl D‡Ï‡k¨ GKwU Z_¨ †Kv‡bv GKwU
Kivi Rb¨ e¨eüZ nq| iƒ‡c iƒcvšÍwiZ nIqvi wbqgB †KvW|
54| wkdU †iwR÷vi Kx? 71| D AÿiwUi ASCII ‡Kv‡Wi `kwgK gvb KZ?
CBC-1:wmwU weÁvb K‡jR CBC-2:PÆMÖvg weÁvb K‡jR 3
CBC-ICT Notes msL¨v c×wZ I wWwRUvj wWfvBm
DËi: D AÿiwUi ASCII ‡Kv‡Wi `kwgK gvb n‡”Q 68. 78| ‣ØZ bxwZ Kx?
72| BDwb‡Kv‡Wi †KvW KZ weU? DËi: AND Ges OR Acv‡ik‡bi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³ m~ÎB •ØZ
DËi: BDwb‡Kv‡Wi †KvW 16 weU| bxwZ|
73| K¨v‡i±vi cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ Kx ai‡bi †KvW e¨eüZ 79| wWwRUvj B‡jKUªwb‡· KqwU †g․wjK jwRK †MBU e¨envi
nq? Kiv nq?
DËi: K¨v‡i±vi cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ BDwb‡KvW e¨eüZ nq| DËi: wWwRUvj B‡jKUªwb‡· wZbwU †g․wjK jwRK †MBU e¨envi
74| eywjqvb aªæeK Kx? Kiv nq|
DËi: eywjqvb A¨vj‡Reivq †h¸‡jvi gvb mg‡qi mv‡_ cwiewZ©Z 80| X-OR ‡MBU Kx?
nq bv †m¸‡jv eywjqvb aªæeK| DËi: Exclusive-OR ‡MB‡Ui mswÿß iƒcB n‡jv X-OR
75| eywjqvb PjK Kx? ‡MBU|
DËi: eywjqvb A¨vj‡Reivq hvi gvb mg‡qi mv‡_ cwiewZ©Z nq, 81| wWwRUvj wWfvBm Kx?
Zv-B eywjqvb PjK| DËi: wWwRUvj wWfvBm n‡jv GKwU B‡jKUªwbK hš¿ hv Z_¨ Rgv
ivL‡Z cv‡i Ges cÖ‡qvRbg‡Zv wWwRUvj dvBj wn‡m‡e
76| AND Acv‡ik‡b mvaviYZ †Kvb wPý e¨eüZ nq? cÖ`k©b K‡i|
DËi: AND Acv‡ik‡b mvaviYZ (.) wPý e¨eüZ nq| 82| ‡KvW Kx ai‡bi kã?
77| OR Acv‡ik‡b mvaviYZ †Kvb wPý e¨eüZ nq? DËi: ‡KvW n‡jv we‡kl ai‡bi evBbvwi kã|
DËi: OR Acv‡ik‡b mvaviYZ (+) wPý e¨eüZ nq|

m„Rbkxj cÖkœ ÔLÕ bs (Abyavebg~jK) cÖ‡kœi Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖ‡kœvËimg~n

1| cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ ej‡Z Kx †evS? mgKÿ gvb Ab¨ msL¨v c×wZ‡Z wbY©q Kiv‡K msL¨v
DËi: eZ©gv‡b †h msL¨v c×wZ e¨envi Kiv nq Zv-B n‡jv c×wZi iƒcvšÍi e‡j| †hgb-14 `kwgK msL¨vi mgKÿ
cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ| evBbvwi msL¨vi gvb n‡”Q 1110|
cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ‡Z A‡¼i ¯’vbxq gvb _v‡K| GKwU 5| evBbvwi msL¨v c×wZi wfwË 2 †Kb?
msL¨vi gvb †ei Kivi Rb¨ wZbwU †WUv `iKvi| DËi: evBbvwi msL¨v c×wZ‡Z gvÎ `ywU wPý _vKvq Gi wfwË
cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ‡Z cÖwZwU msL¨v‡K i¨vwW· c‡q›U 2|
( . ) w`‡q c~Y© msL¨v I fMœvsk-G `yB fv‡e cÖKvk Kiv ‡Kv‡bv msL¨v c×wZ hZ¸‡jv wPý ev cÖZx‡Ki Ici wbf©i
hvq| †hgb- 735.458 GKwU msL¨v Gi 735 c~Y© msL¨v K‡i cÖwZwôZ nq, Zv‡K H msL¨v c×wZi wfwË e‡j|
Ges .458 fMœvsk| evBbvwi msL¨v c×wZi cÖZxK n‡jv 0 Ges 1,0 Ges 1 G
2| bb-cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ ej‡Z Kx †evS? `ywU cÖZxK e¨envi K‡i Kw¤úDUv‡ii me ai‡bi wnmve-
DËi: ‡h msL¨v c×wZ‡Z ¯’vbxq gvb we‡ePbvq Avbv nq bv, Zv- wbKvk ev †h †Kv‡bv KvR evBbvwi c×wZ‡Z Kiv hvq| G
B bb-cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ| Rb¨B evBbvwi msL¨v c×wZi wfwË 2.
bb-cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ GKwU cÖvPxb c×wZ| eZ©gv‡b 6| AvaywbK Kw¤úDUv‡i †Kb MvwYwZK eZ©bx‡Z 2- Gi
GB msL¨v c×wZi e¨envi †bB ej‡jB P‡j| G msL¨v cwic~iK MVb e¨envi Kiv nq?
c×wZ‡Z A‡¼i ¯’vbxq gvb _v‡K bv| msL¨vq e¨eüZ A¼ DËi: ‡Kv‡bv evBbvwi msL¨vi 1 Gi evBbvwi cwic~iK Gi mv‡_
†hLv‡bB _vKzK bv †Kb G‡`i wbR¯^ gvb ØvivB msL¨vwUi 1 †hvM Ki‡j 2 Gi evBbvwi cwic~iK cvIqv hvq|
gvb wba©viY Kiv nq| †ivgvb c×wZ n‡jv bb-cwRkbvj 2 Gi cwic~iK MV‡b FYvZ¥K msL¨v cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ cÖ_‡g
msL¨v c×wZ| wPý weU 1 n‡e Ges cieZx© A¼wU n‡e `kwgK msL¨vwUi
3| `kwgK msL¨v c×wZ‡Z ¯’vbx gvb ej‡Z Kx †evS? mgKÿ, evBbvwi msL¨vi 2 Gi cwic~iK msL¨v G‡Z
DËi: `kwgK msL¨v c×wZ‡Z 0 †_‡K 9 ch©šÍ MYbvi Rb¨ MvwYwZK KvR Ki‡Z Kg mgq jv‡M| ZvB AvaywbK
GKwU ¯’vb cÖ‡qvRb nq| †hgb, wZb A¼wewkó GKwU Kw¤úDUv‡i MvwYwZK eZ©bx‡Z 2 Gi cwic~iK MVb
msL¨v n‡jA 523| GLv‡b wZbwU A¼ i‡q‡Q †hgb- e¨envi Kiv nq|
5,2, Ges 3| cÖwZwU A‡¼i ¯’vbxq gvb wfbœ wfbœ| 3-Gi 7| BCD ‡KvW I EBCDIC ‡Kv‡Wi cv_©K¨ e¨vL¨v Ki|
Ae¯’v‡bi gvb GK‡Ki N‡i ev GKK, 2-Gi Ae¯’v‡bi DËi: BCD Gi c~Y©iƒc n‡jv Binary Coded Decimal|
gvb `k‡Ki N‡i ev `kK Ges 5-Gi Ae¯’v‡bi gvb 4wU weU wb‡q BCD ‡KvW MwVZ nq| `kwgK c×wZi
kZ‡Ki N‡i ev kZK| myZivs `kwgK msL¨v c×wZ‡Z msL¨K evBbvwi msL¨v‡K cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ G †KvW e¨envi
GKK, `kK, kZK G fv‡e †h ¯’vbxq gvb wnmve Kiv nq Kiv nq|
Zv‡K `kwgK c×wZi msL¨vi ¯’vbxq gvb ejv nq| Ab¨w`‡K EBCDIC Gi c~Y© bvg n‡jv Extended
4| msL¨v c×wZi iæcvšÍi ej‡Z Kx †evS?
Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code.
DËi: Kw¤úDUvimn Ab¨vb¨ mKj wWwRUvj hš¿ evBbvwi 8wU weU wb‡q EBCDIC ‡KvW MwVZ nq| G †KvWwU
c×wZ‡Z KvR K‡i _v‡K| wKš‘ wewfbœ cÖ‡qvR‡b h‡š¿i mvaviYZ AvBweGg Ges Gi mgKÿ Kw¤úDUv‡i e¨eüZ
K…Z Kv‡Ri djvdj `kwgK ev Ab¨ †h‡Kv‡bv msL¨v nq|
c×wZ‡Z wb‡Z nq| Giƒc GK msL¨v c×wZi msL¨vi
CBC-1:wmwU weÁvb K‡jR CBC-2:PÆMÖvg weÁvb K‡jR 4
CBC-ICT Notes msL¨v c×wZ I wWwRUvj wWfvBm
8| ‡KvW ej‡Z Kx †evS? DËi: ‡Kv‡bv msL¨v c×wZ hZ¸‡jv wPý ev cÖZx‡Ki Ici wbf©i
DËi: ‡h cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g ev ms‡K‡Zi gva¨‡g eY©, A¼ I K‡i cÖwZwôZ, Zv-B H msL¨v c×wZi †em ev wfwË|
msL¨v¸‡jv‡K evBbvwi msL¨vq cÖKvk Kivi e¨e¯’v Kiv †hgb-`kwgK msL¨v c×wZ‡Z 1,2,3,4, 5, 6,7, 8,9
nq, Zv‡K †KvW e‡j| Kw¤úDUv‡i e¨eüZ K‡qKwU †KvW Ges 0 GB `kwU cÖZxK w`‡q me msL¨v cÖKvk Kiv hvq|
n‡jv- Octal Code, Hexadecimal Code, BCD GRb¨ G msL¨v c×wZi wfwË n‡jv-10|
Code Ges ASCII Code BZ¨vw`| 15| Aÿivw¼K ev AvjdvwbD‡gwiK †KvW ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?
9| BCD Code ej‡Z Kx †evS? DËi: Aÿivw¼K ev AvjdvwbD‡gwiK †KvW ej‡Z Aÿi, A¼
DËi: BCD Gi c~Y© bvg Binary Coded Decimal| Ges wewfbœ MvwYwZK wPýmn AviI KZK¸‡jv †ewk
`kwgK c×wZi msL¨v‡K evBbvwi msL¨vq cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ G wP‡ýi Rb¨ e¨eüZ †KvW‡K †evSvq|
†KvW e¨envi Kiv nq| G †Kv‡Wi gva¨‡g ‘0’ ‡_‡K ‘9’ 0 †_‡K 9 ch©šÍ A¼¸‡jv wbw`©ó Kiv QvovI Kw¤úDUvimn
ch©šÍ †gvU 10wU msL¨v‡K 4 weU evBbvwi msL¨v Øviv wewfbœ cÖhyw³ c‡Y¨i Kg©`ÿZv‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡bvi cÖqv‡m
wb‡`©k Kiv hvq| BCD GKwU 8weU evBbvwi wfwËK Aÿi I Ab¨vb¨ wP‡ýi cÖ‡qvRb nq| G Kvi‡YB
†KvW| G 4 weU Gi mgš^‡q A‡bK iKg BCD ‡KvW AvjdvwbD‡gwiK †Kv‡Wi D™¢e n‡q‡Q| AvmwK
•Zwi Kiv hvq| (ASCII) GKwU Aÿivw¼K †KvW| G †Kv‡Wi gva¨‡g
10| ASCII ‡KvW ej‡Z Kx †evS? 128wU wPý‡K wbw`©ó Kiv hvq|
16| eywjqvb A¨vj‡Reivq cÖ‡Z¨K Pj‡Ki `ywU gvb _v‡K
DËi: ASCII Code Gi c~Y© bvg American standard
†Kb?
Code for Information Interchange. ASCII
GKwU eûj cÖPwjZ 7 weU Gi †KvW| evg w`‡Ki 3wU‡K DËi: eywjqvb A¨vj‡Reivi cÖ‡Z¨K Pj‡K `ywU gvb (0 †_‡K 1)
†Rvb Ges Wvbw`‡Ki 4wU weU‡K msL¨vm~PK weU wn‡m‡e _v‡K| GKwU gvb mZ¨ n‡j Ab¨wU wg_¨v n‡e| hyw³
aiv nq| Z‡e G‡Kev‡i ev‡g GKwU c¨vwiU weU †hvM K‡i eZ©bxi D”P †fv‡ëR 1 Ges wb¤œ †fv‡ëR 0 wn‡m‡e MY¨
ASCII ‡K 4weU †Kv‡W iƒcvšÍwiZ Kiv nq| nq| †Kv‡bv mvwK©‡U we`y¨‡Zi Dcw¯’wZ‡K hw` 1 aiv nq
11| Kw¤úDUv‡i †Kb `kwgK msL¨v‡K evBbvwi‡Z cwieZ©b Z‡e 0 Øviv wb‡`©k Kiv nq we`y¨‡Zi Abycw¯’wZ| G
Kivi cÖ‡qvRb nq? Kvi‡Y we`y¨‡Zi Dcw¯’wZ I Abycw¯’wZi Ici wfwË K‡i
DËi: Kw¤úDUvi ïay evBbvwi x- msL¨vq KvR K‡i e‡j `kwgK hyw³ eZ©bxi Ae¯’v iƒc cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ A¨vj‡Reivq
cÖ‡Z¨K Pj‡Ki `ywU gvb _v‡K|
msL¨v‡K evBbvwi msL¨vq iƒcvšÍi Ki‡Z nq| 17| eywjqvb A¨vj‡Reivq †Kvb msL¨v wbYx©Z nq? e¨vL¨v Ki|
evBbvwi c×wZ‡Z 0 Ges 1 GB `ywU msL¨v e¨eüZ nq|
DËi: eywjqvb A¨vj‡Reivq 0 I 1 msL¨v wbYx©Z nq| MwYZwe`
0 Ges 1 †K wewfbœfv‡e mvwR‡q mKj msL¨v‡K evBbvwi
RR© eyj me©cÖ_g 1852 mv‡j GKwU A¨vj‡Reivi cÖPjb
msL¨vq †jLv m¤¢e| GB c×wZi weU `ywU‡K mn‡R
K‡ib, †hLv‡b mZ¨ I wg_¨v GB `ywU gvb wb‡q wPšÍv Kiv
B‡jKUªwbK Dcv‡q wbw`©ó Kiv m¤¢e| ZvB B‡jKUªwbK
nq| MwY‡Zi ev evBbvwi msL¨v c×wZi mv‡_ wgj ivLvi
h‡š¿ GB c×wZi e¨envi myweavRbK| myZivs KvR Kivi
Rb¨ cieZx©Kv‡j GwU mZ¨ I wg_¨v‡K h_vµ‡g 0 I 1
myweav‡_© Kw¤úDUv‡i `kwgK msL¨v‡K evBbvwi‡Z
w`‡q Dc¯’vcb Kiv nq|
cwieZ©b Kivi cÖ‡qvRb nq| 18| Kw¤úDUvi Kxfv‡e †WUv mwÂZ iv‡L? e¨vL¨v Ki|
12| evBbvwi msL¨vq fMœvs‡ki †ÿ‡Î c~Y© msL¨v‡K m‡e©v”P DËi: Kw¤úDUvi †iwR÷v‡ii gva¨‡g †WUv mwÂZ iv‡L|
Kw¤úDUv‡ii CUP-wewfbœ †WUv ev Z_¨ msiÿY K‡i
¸iæ‡Z¡i msL¨v aiv nq †Kb?
†iwR÷v‡ii gva¨‡g| mvaviYZ †Kv‡bv Z_¨ ev DcvˇK
DËi: evBbvwi msL¨vq fMœvs‡ki †ÿ‡Î c~Y©msL¨v‡K m‡e©v”P cÖwµqvKiY Ki‡Z PvB‡j nvW©wW¯‥ †_‡K RAM-G Avbv
¸iæ‡Z¡i msL¨v aiv nq, KviY c~Y© msL¨v¸‡jv‡K cvkvcvwk
nq| †mLvb †_‡K cÖwµqvKiY †k‡l Avevi cÖavb
mvRv‡bv n‡j mggv‡bi evBbvwi msL¨v cvIqv hv‡e|
†g‡gvwi‡Z †WUv UªvÝdvi Kiv nq| cÖwµqvKiY †k‡l
g~jZ `kwgK msL¨vq †Kv‡bv fMœvsk msL¨v‡K evBbvwi‡Z
cÖavb †g‡gvwi‡Z †WUv mwÂZ Ae¯’vq _v‡K| cÖwµqvKiY
iƒcvšÍi Ki‡Z n‡j 2 w`‡q ¸Y Ki‡Z n‡e| c~Y© msL¨v bv I †WUv msiÿ‡Yi Rb¨ gvB‡µvcÖ‡mm‡ii Af¨šÍ‡i
nIqv ch©šÍ cÖvß djvd‡ji fMœvsk‡K evi evi ¸Y Ki‡Z B‡jKUªwbK eZ©bx w`‡q MwVZ †iwR÷vi `iKvi nq|
n‡e hZÿY bv fMœvsk 0 nq| Z‡e me mgq fMœvsk 0 19| cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ‡Z †Kv‡bv GKwU msL¨vi gvb †ei
cvIqv hv‡e bv| ZvB evBbvwi msL¨vi I fMœvs‡ki †ÿ‡Î Kiv nq Kxfv‡e?
c~Y© msL¨v‡K m‡e©v”P ¸iæ‡Z¡i msL¨v aiv nq|
13| eywjqvb A¨vj‡Reivi `ywU •ewkó¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| DËi: cwRkbvj msL¨v c×wZ‡Z GKwU msL¨vi gvb †ei Kivi
Rb¨ wZbwU †WUv `iKvi nq| †WUv wZbwU n‡jv-
DËi: eywjqvb A¨vj‡Reiv mvaviYZ jwR‡Ki mZ¨ ev wg_¨v
msL¨vwU‡Z e¨eüZ A¼¸‡jvi wbR¯^ gvb, msL¨v c×wZi
(ON ev OFF) Gi Ici wfwË K‡i •Zwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| †eR Ges msL¨vwU‡Z e¨eüZ A¼¸‡jvi Ae¯’vb ev ¯’vbxq
Avi G mZ¨ ev wg_¨v‡K cieZx©‡Z evBbvwi A¼ 1 I 0
gvb| †hgb-12 GKwU msL¨v n‡j cÖ_‡gB Avgv‡`i‡K 1
wb‡q KvR Kiv nq| †Kv‡bv •e`y¨wZK mvwK©‡U we`y¨‡Zi I 2 Gi gvb Rvb‡Z nq, AZ:ci GwUi †eR KZ Zv
Dcw¯’wZ‡K 1 Ges we`y¨‡Zi Abycw¯’wZ‡K 0 aiv nq| G wba©viY K‡i ¯’vbxq gv‡bi gva¨‡g Gi gvb wbY©q Ki‡Z
A¨vj‡Reivq ïay †h․w³K ¸Y I †hv‡Mi mvnv‡h¨ MvwYwZK nq|
KvR Kiv hvq| 20| 2 Gi cwic~iK MV‡bi ¸iæZ¡ Kx?
14| `kwgK msL¨v c×wZi wfwË 10 †Kb?

CBC-1:wmwU weÁvb K‡jR CBC-2:PÆMÖvg weÁvb K‡jR 5

CBC-ICT Notes msL¨v c×wZ I wWwRUvj wWfvBm
DËi: 2 Gi cwic~iK MV‡bi ¸iæZ¡ A‡bK| KviY, cÖK…Z gvb I 25| evBbvwi 1011, AKUvj 176, †n·v‡Wwm‡gj 2A
1 Gi cwic~iK MV‡b 0 Gi Rb¨ `ywU evBbvwi kã (+0 msL¨v wZbwUi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Kx?
I -0) m¤¢e| wKš‘ ev¯Í‡e +0 I -0 ej‡Z wKQz †bB| DËi: evBbvwi 1011, AKUvi 176 †n·v‡Wwm‡gj 2A msL¨v
ev¯Í‡e ïay 0 Av‡Q| 2 Gi cwic~iK MV‡b G ai‡bi wZbwUi g‡a¨ g~j cv_©K¨ n‡”Q wZbwU msL¨v wZbwU msL¨v
†Kv‡bv mgm¨vq co‡Z nq bv| 2 Gi cwic~iK MV‡b c×wZ‡Z †jLv n‡q‡Q hv‡`i wfwË h_vµ‡g 2,8 Ges
wPýhy³ msL¨v Ges wPýwenxb msL¨v †hvM Kivi Rb¨ 16| ZvQvov evBbvwi 1011 msL¨vwU wjL‡Z 4wU,
GKB eZ©bx e¨envi Kiv hvq Ges †hvM-we‡qv‡Mi me KvR AKUvj 176 wjL‡Z 3wU †n·‡Wwm‡gj 2A msL¨vwU
GB eZ©bx e¨envi K‡i Kiv hvq e‡j AvaywbK Kw¤úDUv‡i wjL‡Z 2wU AsK e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q|
2 Gi cwic~iK c×wZ LyeB RbwcÖq| ZvB 2 Gi cwic~iK 26| ‡Kvb †Kvb †MU Øviv me©Rbxb †MU AuvKv hvq|?
MV‡bi gva¨‡g Kw¤úDUv‡ii KvR mnR †_‡K mnRZi DËi: NAND I NOR ‡MU‡K me©Rbxb †MU ejv nq, hv
Kiv n‡q‡Q| AND, OR I NOT G wZbwU †g․wjK †M‡Ui mgš^‡q
21| nvd-A¨vWvi ej‡Z Kx †evS? •Zwi Kiv hvq| G‡`i‡K wb‡¤œv³ mgxKi‡Yi mvnv‡h¨
DËi: ‡h A¨vWvi `y‡Uv weU †hvM K‡i †hvMdj (sum) I nv‡Z cÖKvk Kiv hvq-
_vKv msL¨v ev K¨vwi (carry) ‡ei Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K NAND = AND + NOT
nvd A¨vWvi e‡j| †hgb- NOR = OR + NOT
0 0 1 1 A_©vr AND I NOT ‡MU Øviv NAND Ges OR I
0 1 0 1 NOT ‡MU Øviv NOT ‡MU •Zwi Kiv hvq|
(K¨vwi 1)
0 1 1 0 27| A¨vWvi ej‡Z wK †evS?
GLv‡b †`Lv hv‡”Q †h, evBbvwi †hv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î DcwiD³ DËi: evBbvwi msL¨vi †hvM ev¯ÍevqbKvix wWwRUvj eZ©bx n‡jv
PviwU Ae¯’v n‡Z cv‡i| nvd-A¨vWvi G ai‡bi KvRB A¨vWvi ev †hvMeZ©bx|
K‡i _v‡K| ‡h mgevq eZ©bxi gva¨‡g †hv‡Mi KvR Kiv nq Zv‡K
22| mZ¨K mviwY‡Z wgbUvg© Kx? A¨vWvi e‡j| evBbvwi‡Z ¸Y I fvM Kiv nq h_vµ‡g
DËi: mZ¨K mviwYi GKwU wbw`©ó mvwi‡Z PjK¸‡jvi †h gvb cybtcyb †hvM I we‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g| c~iK c×wZ‡Z we‡qvM
Av‡Q †KejgvÎ †mB gv‡bi Rb¨ †h eywjqvb ivwki m¤úv`b Kiv nq †hv‡Mi gva¨‡g| ZvB evBbvwi‡Z †h
AvDUcyU 1 nq Zv‡K H wbw`©ó mvwii wgbUvg© ejv nq| †Kv‡bv ai‡bi A¼ Ki‡Z n‡j †hvM Kivi `iKvi nq|
D`vniY¯^iƒc ejv hvq, hw` GKwU mZ¨K mviwY‡Z A, eZ©bx ev¯Íevq‡bi †ÿ‡ÎI GKB K_v cÖ‡hvR¨|
B, C wZbwU BbcyU _v‡K Ges ABC ivwkwUi gvb 1 nq 28| ‡Kvb †Kvb †MBU‡K me©Rbxb †MBU ejv nq Ges †Kb?
Z‡e GwU n‡e ABC ivwki GKwU wgbUvg©| DËi: Kvh©MZ •ewkó¨ we‡ePbvq NAND I NOR GB `ywU
23| wWwRUvj B‡jKUªwbK c×wZ‡Z Af¨šÍixY Kv‡R mivmwi †MBU‡K me©Rbxb †MBU ejv nq|
`kwgK c×wZ e¨eüZ nq bv †Kb? wRwRUvj B‡j±ªwb‡· wZbwU †g․wjK †MBU i‡q‡Q| h_v
DËi: wWwRUvj B‡jKUªwbK c×wZ‡Z ïay `ywU ms‡KZ ON Ges AND, OR, NOT ‡MBU| G wZbwU †MBU e¨envi
OFF e¨eüZ nq, wKš‘ `kwgK msL¨v c×wZ‡Z 0-9 K‡i wewfbœ ai‡bi mvwK©U •Zwi Kiv nq| G Qvov ïay
ch©šÍ 10wU AsK e¨eüZ nq| ZvB GB `kwgK msL¨v NAND A_ev ïay NOR ‡MBU e¨envi K‡i †g․wjK
c×wZ wWwRUvj B‡jKUªwbK c×wZ‡Z e¨eüZ nq bv| †MBUmn Ab¨vb¨ mKj †MBU iƒcvšÍi I ev¯Íevqb Kiv
`kwgK msL¨v c×wZ‡Z hw` wWwRUvj B‡jKUªwbK-G hvq| G Kvi‡Y NAND I NOR ‡MBU‡K me©Rbxb
e¨envi Ki‡Z nq Z‡e Zv‡K cÖ_‡g evBbvwi msL¨v †MBU ejv nq|
c×wZ‡Z iƒcvšÍi K‡i e¨envi Ki‡Z nq| Avi evBbvwi 29| evBbvwi c×wZ‡Z ¯’vbxq gvb ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?
msL¨v c×wZ‡Z `ywU Ask e¨eüZ nq hv `ywU ms‡KZ DËi: `yB AsKwewkó msL¨v c×wZB evBbvwi msL¨v c×wZ, Gi
ON Ges OFF Øviv cÖKvk Kiv m¤¢e nq| wfwË n‡”Q 2|
24| Kw¤úDUv‡i †Wwm‡gj msL¨v‡K evBbvwi‡Z cwieZ©b Kivi msL¨v c×wZ‡Z ¯’vbxq gvb GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| †Kbbv
cÖ‡qvRb nq †Kb? †h‡Kv‡bv msL¨vi ¯’vbxq gv‡bi †hvMdj Ab¨ GKwU c~Y©
DËi: Kw¤úDUv‡i ïay `ywU B‡jKUªwbK wmMb¨vj ON I OFF msL¨v MVb K‡i| †hgb-101 evBbvwi msL¨vi Wvbw`K
e¨eüZ nq| G `ywU ms‡KZ wb‡qB evBbvwi msL¨v c×wZ †_‡K evgw`‡Ki cÖ_g msL¨vi ¯’vbxqgvb 1. wØZxq msL¨vi
mvRv‡bv n‡q‡Q| †mRb¨ mKj cÖKvi †Wwm‡gj msL¨v‡K ¯’vbxqgvb 2. Z…Zxq msL¨vi ¯’vbxq gvb 4 cÖwZwU †ÿ‡Î
Kw¤úDUv‡ii Af¨šÍ‡i evBbvwi msL¨vq iƒcvšÍi Kivi m~PK cÖKvk K‡i‡Q|
gva¨‡g MvwYwZK Kvh©vewj m¤úv`b Kiv nq| 30| `kwgK msL¨v‡K AKUvj msL¨vq Kxfv‡e cÖKvk Kiv nq?
‡Wwm‡gj msL¨v c×wZ‡Z 0-9 ch©šÍ †gvU `kwU wPý ev DËi: `kwgK msL¨v †_‡K AKUvj msL¨vq iƒcvšÍi Ki‡Z n‡j
AsK e¨envi Kiv nq| Gme AsK‡K B‡jKUªwbK `kwgK msL¨vwU‡K 8 Øviv fvM K‡i cÖvß fvMdj‡K
wmMb¨vj Abymv‡i mvRv‡Z †M‡j `kwU wmMb¨vj jvM‡e| cybivq 8 Øviv fvM Ki‡Z nq| Gfv‡e ZZÿY ch©šÍ fvM
wKš‘ ON I OFF e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wmMb¨Aj Avi Ki‡Z n‡e hZÿY ch©šÍ bv fvMdj 0 n‡e| Gevi
•Zwi Kiv m¤¢e bv| ZvB Kw¤úDUv‡ii Af¨šÍ‡i mKj fvM‡kl¸‡jv wecixZ w`K †_‡K cvkvcvwk wj‡L `kwgK
†Wwm‡gj‡K `yB ms‡KZ wbf©i evBbvwi‡Z cwieZ©b Kiv msL¨vwUi mgKÿ AKUvj msL¨v cvIqv hv‡e| Gfv‡e
nq| `kwgK msL¨v‡K AKUvj msL¨vq cÖKvk Kiv hvq|

CBC-1:wmwU weÁvb K‡jR CBC-2:PÆMÖvg weÁvb K‡jR 6

CBC-ICT Notes msL¨v c×wZ I wWwRUvj wWfvBm
31| `kwgK c×wZ‡Z ¯’vbxq gvb ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? DËi: wfwË we‡ePbvq AKUvj I †n·v‡Wwm‡gj msL¨v c×wZi
DËi: `kwgK c×wZ‡Z ¯’vbxq gvb ej‡Z 10 Gi Ici wfwË g‡a¨ †g․wjK cv_©K¨ we`¨gvb| AKUvj c×wZ‡Z 8wU
K‡i `kwgK msL¨v c×wZi ¯’vbxq gvb wbY©q Kiv‡K msL¨v cÖZxK e¨eüZ nq| G c×wZi wfwË n‡jv 8|
†evSvq| Ab¨w`‡K †n·v‡Wwm‡gj c×wZ‡Z 16wU msL¨v cÖZxK
‡Kv‡bv msL¨v c×wZi †em ev wfwË n‡jv H c×wZ‡Z e¨eüZ nq| G c×wZi wfwË n‡jv 16| †hgb, `kwgK
e¨eüZ †g․wjK wPý mg~‡ni †gvU msL¨v| †hgb-`kwgK msL¨v 20 Gi AKUvj gvb 24; wKš‘ †n·v‡Wwm‡gj gvb
c×wZi †em 10| KviY G c×wZ‡Z †gvU `kwU †g․wjK 14.
†em Av‡Q| h_v: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, 1 Avi †em 10 35| ‡n·v‡Wwm‡gj msL¨v c×wZi †eR 16 †Kb?
Gi Ici wfwË K‡iB `kwgK msL¨v c×wZi ¯’vbxq gvb DËi: ‡n·v‡Wwm‡gj msL¨v c×wZi †eR 16. KviY
wbY©q Kiv nq| †n·v‡Wwm‡gj msL¨v c×wZ‡K evBbvwi‡Z iƒcvšÍ‡ii Rb¨
32| Kxfv‡e msL¨v c×wZi D™¢e N‡U? 16wU A¼ cÖ‡qvRb nq|
DËi: mf¨Zvi ïiæ †_‡KB gvbyl MYbvi Rb¨ nvZ-cv‡qi AvOzj, g~jZ †n·v‡Wwm‡gj msL¨v c×wZ Kw¤úDUv‡ii Af¨šÍixY
cv_i, bywo, wSbyK, `woi wMuU, ¸nvi Mv‡q we‡kl wPý evBbvwi msL¨v cÖwµqvKi‡Y e¨eüZ nq| †n·v‡Wwm‡gj
BZ¨vw` e¨envi KiZ| mnR c×wZ‡Z MYbv Kivi Rb¨ c×wZ‡Z 16wU cÖZxK ev †g․wjK wPý ev A¼ _v‡K e‡jB
gvbyl wLª÷c~e© 500 A‡ã A¨vevKvm bvgK GK ai‡bi hš¿ †n·v‡Wwm‡gj msL¨vi wfwË n‡”Q 16|
msL¨v c×wZi cÖPjb ïiæ nq| Avi Gi ev¯Íe iƒc cÖ`vb 36| ‣ØZ bxwZ ej‡Z Kx †evS?
K‡ib weÁvbx Avj LvwiRwg| DËi: AND Ges OR Acv‡ik‡bi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³ m~·K
•ØZ bxwZ e‡j|
AND Ges OR Acv‡ik‡bi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³ mKj
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CBC-1:wmwU weÁvb K‡jR CBC-2:PÆMÖvg weÁvb K‡jR 7