Solution

PREBOARD-1
Class 10 - Mathematics
Section A
1.
(d) an irrational number
Explanation:
–
(2 + √2) is an irrational number.

If it is rational, then the difference of two rational is rational.

– –
∴ (2 + √2) − 2 = √2 = irrational, which is a contradiction.
–
Hence, (2 + √2) , is an irrational number.

2.
(b) -3
Explanation:
α + β = −6 and αβ = 2
(α+β) −6
1 1
∴ ( + ) = = = −3
α β αβ 2

3.
(b) intersecting or coincident
Explanation:
If a pair of linear equations in two variables is consistent, then its solution exists.
∴ The lines represented by the equations are either intersecting or coincident.

4.
(d) x2 - 4 = 0
Explanation:
Given that, Sum of roots of a quadratic equation = 0
One root = 2
Second root = 0 - 2 = -2
and product of roots = 2 × (-2) = -4
Required Quadratic equation will be,
x2 + (sum of roots) x + product of roots = 0
x2 + 0x + (-4) = 0
⇒ x2 - 4 = 0

5.
(c) Twice of
Explanation:
Let 1st term of A.P. be a and common difference be d.
Now, a9 = 0 ⇒ a + 8d = 0 ⇒ a = -8d ...(i)
Now, a29 = a + 28d = -8d + 28d ...(ii)
⇒ a29 = 20d
Also, a19 = a + 18d = -8d + 18d = 10d
⇒ 2 × a19 = 2 × 10d = 20d ...(iii)
From (ii) and (iii), we have
a29 = 2 a19

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 6. (a) 7.5 cm
Explanation:
∵ △ABC ∼ △DEF

Perimeter (△ABC) AB
∴ =
Perimeter (△DEF) DE

32 10
⇒ =
24 DE

=7.5 cm
10×24
⇒ DE =
32

7.
(d) 80o
Explanation:
Given:
∴ △ABC ∼ △DEF ,
∠A = ∠D (by CPST)
∠B = ∠E (by CPST)
∠C = ∠F (by CPST)

And, In △ABC,
∘
∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180
∘
∠A + ∠E + ∠C = 180

55 + 45 + ∠C = 180

100 + ∠C = 180

∠C = 180 − 100
∘
= 80

8. (a) ordinate
Explanation:
The distance of a point from the x-axis is the y (vertical) coordinate of the point and is called ordinate.
9. (a) 24 × 33
Explanation:
24 × 33
10.
(b) 3
Explanation:
k
αβ = 1 ⇒ = 1 ⇒ k = 3
3

11. (a) a unique solution

Explanation:
Given: 2x + y - 5 = 0 and 3x + 2y - 8 = 0
We know that the general form for a pair of linear equations in 2 variables x and y is a1x + b1y + c1 = 0
and a2x + b2y + c2 = 0.
Comparing with above equations,
we have a1 = 2, b1 = 1, c1 = - 5; a2 = 3, b2 = 2, c2 = - 8
a1 2
=
a2 3
b1 1
=
b2 2

c1 −5 5
= =
c2 −8 8

Since
a1 b1
≠
a2 b2

The lines are intersecting.

∴ The pair of equations has a unique solution.

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12.
(c) ± 5
8

Explanation:
Here, a = 1, b = 5k, c = 16
If x2 + 5kx + 16 = 0 has equal roots,
then, b2 - 4ac = 0
⇒ (5k)2 - 4 × 1 × 16 = 0
⇒ 25k2 - 64 = 0
⇒ 25k2 = 64
k2 =
64
⇒
25

k=±5
8
⇒

13. (a) 28
Explanation:
Given: d = – 4, n = 7 and an = 4
∴ an = a + (n − 1) d

⇒4 = a + (7 − 1) × (−4)

⇒ 4= a+6 ×-4
⇒4 = a − 24

⇒a = 28

14.
(d) 4 cm.
Explanation:
Since XY ||BC, then using Thales theorem,
AX XY
⇒ =
AB BC
3 XY
⇒ =
4.5 6

⇒ XY = 4 cm

15.
(c) (-4, 6)
Explanation:

Coordinate of Mid point P

−2−6 8+4
p( , )
2 2

−8 12
p( , )
2 2

p(-4, 6)

16.
(d) 16
Explanation:
x = 4 sinθ
y = 4 cosθ
now,
2 2 2 2
x +y = (4 sin θ) + (4 cos θ)
2 2
= 16 sin θ + 16 cos θ

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 2 2
= 16 ( sin θ + cos θ)

= 16(1) = 6

17. (a) 28
Explanation:
Given: d = -4, n = 7 and an = 4
∴ an = a + (n - 1)d
⇒ 4 = a + (7 - 1) × (-4)
⇒ 4 = a + 6 × -4
⇒ 4 = a - 24
⇒ a = 28
18.
(d) 25 × 32
Explanation:
25 × 32

19.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
For, , we say it is a unique solution.
a1 b1
≠
a2 b2

20.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
A is false but R is true.

Section B
21. One zero = 5,
Product of zeroes = 30
∴ Other zero = =6
30

The polynomial
p(x)=(x-5)(x-6)
= x2 - 6x-5x+30
= x2 - 11x + 30
22. kx2 − 2kx + 6 = 0
Quadratic Equation has equal roots (given)
2
∴ D = 0 ⇒ 4k − 24k = 0

4k(k − 6) = 0

⇒ k = 6(k ≠ 0)

Putting k = 6 we get
6x
2
− 12x + 6 = 0 or x2 − 2x + 1 = 0
2
⇒ (x − 1) = 0 ⇒ x = 1
– −− −− −−
23. The given A.P is √2, √18 , √50 , √98 , … …

This can be re-written as

– – – –
√2, 3√2, 5√2, 7√2, … …
–
First term, a =
√2

Common difference, d = 3
– – –
3√2 − √2 = 2√2

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 – –
nth term of the A.P an = a + (n - 1) d = √2 + (n − 1) × 2√2
– – – – −−−−
∴ 18th term of the A.P a18 = √2 + (18 − 1) × 2√2 = √2 + 34√2 = √2450

24. x + y = 6, ...(i)
2x - 3y = 4 ...(ii)
Multiplying by 3 in equation (i)
3x + 3y = 18 ...(iii)
Adding equation (ii) and (iii)
5x = 22
x = 22
5

Putting in equation (i)

​
22 30−22 8
y = 6− = =
5 5 5

25. We have,
and 404 = 2
5 2
96 = 2 ×3 × 101
2
∴ HCF = 2 = 4

Now, HCF × LCM = 96 × 404

96×404 96×404
⇒ LCM = = = 96 × 101 = 9696
HCF 4

Section C
26. We have to find the value following expression
cos 30 + cos 45 + cos 60 + cos 90 …(1)
2 ∘ 2 ∘ 2 ∘ 2

Now,
∘ 1 √3 1
∘ ∘ ∘
cos 45 = , cos 30 = , cos 60 = , and cos 90 = 0
√2 2 2

So, by substituting above values in equation (1)

We get,
2 ∘ 2 ∘ 2 ∘ 2 ∘
cos 30 + cos 45 + cos 60 + cos 90
2 2
√3 2
1 1 2
= ( ) +( ) +( ) + (0)
2 √2 2
2
( √3) 2 2
1 1
= 2
+ 2
+ 2
+0
2 ( √2) 2

3 1 1
= + +
4 2 4
3 1 1
= + +
4 4 2
3+1 1
= +
4 2
4 1
= +
4 2
1
= 1+
2
1×2 1
= +
1×2 2
2 1
= +
2 2
2+1
=
2
3
=
2

Therefore,
2 ∘ 2 ∘ 2 ∘ 2 ∘ 3
cos 30 + cos 45 + cos 60 + cos 90 =
2

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27.

Suppose y-axis divides PQ in the ratio K:1 at R.

Then, the coordinates of the point of division are:
3k+(−2)×1 7k+(−3)×1
R[ , ]
k+1 k+1

3k−2 7k−3
= R[ , ]
k+1 k+1

Since, R lies on y-axis and x-coordinate of every point on y-axis is zero

3k−2
∴ = 0
k+1

⇒ 3k - 2 = 0
⇒ 3k = 2
2
⇒ k =
3

Hence, the required ratio is

2
: 1
3

i.e., 2:3
Putting k in the coordinates of R
2
=
3

We get, (0, 1)
28. The odd numbers between 0 and 50 are 1, 3, 5, 7, ....., 49.
Here, a2 - a4 = 3 - 1 = 2
a3 - a2 = 5 - 3 = 2
a4 - a3 = 7 - 5 = 2
i.e. ak+1 - ak is the same everytime.
So, the above list of numbers forms an AP.
Here, a = 1
d=2
l = 49
Let the number of terms of the AP be n.
Then, l = a + (n - 1)d
⇒ 49 = 1 + (n - 1)d

⇒ (n - 1)2 = 48
48
⇒ n−1 =
2

⇒ n - 1 = 24
⇒ n = 24 + 1

⇒ n = 25

Hence, the number of terms of the AP be 25.

∴ Sum of the odd numbers between 0 and 50 = S25

......∵ Sn
25 n
= (a + l) = (a + l)
2 2
25
= ( ) (1 + 49)
2
25
= ( ) (50)
2

6 / 10
 = (25) (25)
= 625
29. In ΔOPQ, we have

AB∥P Q , By using BPT we can write,

...(1)
OA OB
⇒ =
AP BQ

In ΔOQR, we have
BC∥QR , By using BPT we can write,

...(2)
OB OC
⇒ =
BQ CR

From (i) and (ii), we get

OA OC
=
AP CR

Thus, A and C are points on sides OP and OR respectively of ΔOPR, such that
OA OC
=
AP CR

⇒ AC∥P R [Using the converse of BPT]

Hence proved.

30.

So, 26 = 2 ×13

So, 91 = 7 × 13
Therefore, LCM(26, 91) = 2 × 7 × 13 = 182
HCF(26, 91) = 13
Verification:
LCM ×HCF = 182 ×13 = 2366
and 26 × 91 = 2366
i.e., LCM × HCF = product of two numbers.
31. Here, α + β = and α ⋅ β = − [Given]
−3 1

2 √5 2

f(x) = x2 - (α + β )x + αβ [Formula]
2 −3 1
= x −( ) x + (− )
2 √5 2

2 3 1
⇒ f(x) = x + x −
2 √5 2
– 2 –
⇒ f(x) = 2√5x + 3x − √5

For zeroes of polynomial f(x), f(x) = 0

– 2 –
⇒ 2√5x + 3x − √5 = 0
– 2 –
⇒ 2√5x + 5x − 2x − √5 = 0
– – –
⇒ √5x(2x + √5) − 1(2x + √5) = 0
– –
⇒ (2x + √5)( √5x − 1) = 0
– –
⇒ (2x + √5) = 0 √5x − 1 = 0 or

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 or x
−√5 1
⇒ x = =
2 √5

−√5
and β .
1
∴ α = =
2 √5

Section D
32. Shorter side = x meters
Longer side = x + 20 meters
Diagonal = x + 40 meters
Using Pythagoras Theorem:
( Diagonal ) 2
= ( Shorter side ) 2
+( Longer side ) 2

= (x + 40)2 = x
2
+ (x + 20)
2

2
x − 40x − 1200 = 0

Solve the quadratic:

2
40±√(−40) +4⋅1200
40±√1600+4800 40±√6400 40±80
x = = = =
2 2 2 2
40+80 120
x = = = 60
2 2

Shorter side = 60 m
Longer side = 60 + 20 = 80 m
Diagonal = 60 + 40 = 100 m
33. Let the digits of number be x and y
∴ number = 10x + y

According to the question,

10x + y = 8(x+y) - 5
10x +y = 8x + 8y -5
10x - 8x + y - 8y + 5 = 0
or, 2x - 7y + 5 = 0 ....(i)
also 16(x - y) + 3 = 10x + y
or, 16x - 16y + 3 = 10x + y
or, 16x - 16y + 3 - 10x -y = 0
⇒ 6x - 17y + 3 = 0 ........(ii)

On comparing the equation with ax + by + c = 0 we get

a1 = 2, b1 = −7, c1 = 5

a2 = 6, b2 = −17, c2 = 3
x y
1
= =
b2 c1 −b1 c2 c1 a2 −c2 a1 c1 b2 −a2 b1
x y
=
(−17)(5)−(−7)(3) (5)(6)−(3)(2)

1
=
(5)(−17)−(6)(−7)

or, x y 1
= =
85−21 30−6 −34+42
y
or,
x 1
= =
64 24 8
y
or,
x
= = 1
8 3

Hence, x=8, y=3

So required number = 10 × 8 + 3 = 83.
34. Given: ABC is a triangle in which DE ∥ BC.
To prove:
AD AE
=
BD CE

Construction: Draw DN ⊥ AE and EM ⊥ AD., Join BE and CD.

Proof :

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 In △ADE,
Area of ΔADE = ...(i)
1
× AE × DN
2

In ΔDEC ,
Area of Δ DCE = ...(ii)
1
× CE × DN
2

Dividing equation (l) by equation (ii),

1

area (ΔADE) 2
×AE×DN

⇒ =
area (ΔDEC)
1
×CE×DN
2

area (ΔADE)
...(iii)
AE
⇒ =
area (ΔDEC) CE

Similarly, In ΔADE,
Area of Δ ADE = ...(iv)
1
× AD × EM
2

In ΔDEB,
Area of Δ DEB ...(v)
1
= × EM × BD
2

Dividing equation (iv) by equation (v),

area (ΔADE)
1
×AD×EM
2
⇒ =
area (ΔDEB)
1
×BD×EM
2

area (ΔADE)
...(vi)
AD
⇒ =
area (ΔDEB) BD

ΔDEB and ΔDEC lie on the same base DE and between two parallel lines DE and BC.
∴ Area (ΔDEB) = Area ( ΔDEC )
From equation (iii),
area (ΔADE)
......(vii)
AE
⇒ = .
area (ΔDEB) CE

From equation (vi) and equation (vii),

AE AD
=
CE BD

∴ If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other two sides in two points, then
the other two sides are divided in the same ratio.
35. In △P QR, ∴ ∠Q = 90
∘

∴ PR2 = PQ2 + QR2​......... By Pythagoras theorem

⇒ (13)2 = (12)2 + QR2
⇒ 169 = 144 + QR2
⇒ QR2 = 169 - 144 ⇒ QR2 = 25
−−
⇒ QR = √25 = 5cm
QR QR
∴ tan P − cot R = − = 0
PQ PQ

Section E
36. i. 8 coins
ii. Money in the piggy bank day wise 5, 10, 15, 20 ...
Money after 8 days = ₹ 180
iii. a. We can have at most 120 coins.
n
[2(1) + (n − 1)1] = 120
2
2
n + n − 240 = 0

Solving for n, we get, n = 15 as n ≠ -16

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 ∴ Number of days = 15
OR
b. Total money saved = 120 × 5 = ₹ 600
37. i. Co-ordinate of green flag = (2,100)

ii.

distance between Red flag and Green flag

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
d = √(8 − 2)2 + (100 − 100)2
−−−−−−
= √6 + 0
2 2

d=6
∴ distance between Green and Red flag is 6 m.

iii.

Position of blue flag = (

2+8 100+100
, )
2 2

= (5,100)
OR
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
Distance = √(5 − 2)2 + (100 − 100)2
−−−−
= √9 + 0

=3m
38. i. Parabola
ii. As the curve cuts x-axis two times
∴ No of zero's = 2

iii. ∵ The parabola cuts x-axis at x = -2 and x = 4

∴ The zero's are = -2, 4

OR
2

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