PARTS OF SPEECH
ADVERB
Lesson
Agenda
• Types of Adverbs
• Function of Adverbs
• Position of Adverbs
Lesson
Objectives
Define the meaning of an Provide types of adverbs Show understanding of
adverb. and various examples of how an adverb modifies
sentences using adverbs verbs, adjectives, and
properly. adverbs and entire
sentences
What is
adverbs?
Adverbs
Modify verbs (except
linking verbs), adjectives,
or other adverbs.
Types of
Adverbs
• Classified by meaning
• Classified by function
Types of Adverbs
classified by Meaning
Intensifying Adverbs
Place and Direction
Manner
Adverbs of Manner
The manner adverb has the most characteristic form
(an –ly ending to a descriptive adjective).
Slowly, quickly, silently, neatly etc
The army advanced toward the enemy slowly
and silently.
Adverbs of Place and
Direction
Here, awau, outside, left, straight, west etc
Among the adverbs of place and direction may be
included some prepositional forms after the verb
They walked down.
Some archaic forms for adverbs of place and
direction are still found in the literary language
Hither (= here), thither (= there), yonder (=
over there), hence (= from here), thence (=
from there), wither (= where)
Adverbs of Time
Adverbs of time are divided into definite time and
indefinite time
Definite Time: these adverbs have a fixed boundary in time
Yesterday, today, tomorrow
Indefinite Time: This kind of time has no fixed boundary .
Recently, now days, soon, already, still, just,
immediately
Words denoting a sequence in time- now, then,
before, after (wards), next, first, later
Words denoting frequency- always, often,
sometimes, never
Intensifying Adverbs
Intensifying adverbs are divided into:
Adverbs of degree (quantifiers)
Denoting how much with respect to adjective or
adverbs (very, too, quite, somewhat, rather,
extremely, fairly, more)
She became quite angry the insolent boy.
He always walks rather quickly.
Denoting how complete – almost, entirely,
nearly, partially, practically, utterly, wholly
a. Degree of completion with respect to verbs
They have almost finished the work.
a. Degree of completion with respect to adjective
• The men were utterly exhausted.
Distinguishing Adverbs(Emphasizes)
These adverbs emphasize particular words or
grammatical constructions- especially, even,
exactly, just, merely, not (used for contrast), only,
purely, simply, solely.
• She was not especially pretty.
Unlike the other types of adverbs, some of the distinguishing
adverbs also modify:
• Nouns : Even John agreed to come.
• We ordered two dozen roses, not one dozen
• Pronoun : Only she could not come.
• Even they came late.
• Prepositional Phrase
He went to the party only because of his wife.
Even during the performance he didn’t stop talking.
• Subordinate clause
I don’t know exactly when I come.
You shouldn’t work so hard, especially after you’ve been ill.
Types of Adverbs
classified by Function
Exclamatory Adverbs
Relative,
Sentence Adverbs
Interrogative Adverbs
Conjunctive Adverbs
Sentence Adverbs
These adverbs often a loose grammatical connection
with the rest of the sentence, and are looked upon as
modifying the whole sentence rather than the verb
Fortunately, presumably, actually, obviously,
evidently,
Fortunately, no one was hurt.
Conjunctive Adverbs
These adverbs establish a relationship between one
sentence or clause and the preceding sentence or
clause.
Conjunctive adverbs indicate such relationships as
Result (therefore, accordingly)
addition (moreover, besides)
contrast (however, nevertheless)
Condition (otherwise)
time (then)
Explanatory Adverbs
These adverbs illustrate or enumerate- namely, for
example, as, i.e. (= that is), e.g. (for example), viz (=
namely)
Relative, Interrogative
Adverbs
When, Where, Why, How
a. Relative adverbs
Relative adverbs – These adverbs introduce
adjective clauses
We visited the house where a famous poet once
lived.
Interrogative adverbs
In questions – When will he arrive?
In noun clauses derived from questions – I
asked when he would arrive.
Exclamatory Adverb-
How
This adverb is used with adjectives and adverbs.
How beautiful she dresses!
How beautiful she is!
An adverb modifies a verb, adjective, adverb
Function of or an entire sentence
Adverbs Adverb as modifier of a verb
The boy threw the ball quickly.
OR
The boy quickly threw the ball.
Adverb as modifier (intensifier) of an adjective or an adverb
They very small boy threw the ball very quickly.
Adverb as modifier of an entire sentence
Fortunately, the boy threw the ball quickly.
Do you
have
questions?
Thank you
for
listening!