Question is as follows:
When drivers are deprived of sleep there are definite behavioral changes, such as slower
responses to stimuli and a reduced ability to concentrate, but people's self-awareness of these
changes is poor. Most drivers think they can tell when they are about to fall asleep, but they
cannot.
Each of the following illustrates the principle that the passage illustrates EXCEPT:
(A) People who have been drinking alcohol are not good judges of whether they are too drunk to
drive.
(B) Elementary school students who dislike arithmetic are not good judges of whether
multiplication tables should be included in the school's curriculum.
(C) Industrial workers who have just been exposed to noxious fumes are not good judges of
whether they should keep working.
(D) People who have just donated blood and have become faint are not good judges of whether
they are ready to walk out of the facility.
(E) People who are being treated for schizophrenia are not good judges of whether they should
continue their medical treatments.
Identifying the Question Type
The stem asks:
“Each of the following illustrates the principle that the passage illustrates EXCEPT.”
This is a Match the Principle – EXCEPT question.
● Four wrong choices: situations that share the principle.
● Correct answer: the situation that does not share the principle.
Breaking Down the Passage
Facts given:
● Sleep deprivation causes behavioral changes (slower reactions, reduced concentration).
● Drivers think they can tell when they’ll fall asleep, but they cannot.
Principle extracted:
● A physical/medical condition can impair people’s ability to judge their own state
or make good decisions.
Evaluating the Answer Choices
A. People who drink alcohol are not good judges of whether they’re too drunk to drive.
● Matches principle. Alcohol = physical condition impairing judgment.
B. Elementary school students who dislike arithmetic are not good judges of whether
multiplication tables should be in the curriculum.
● Does not match. This is about bias (dislike), not a physical/medical condition impairing
judgment.
● Correct answer.
C. Workers exposed to noxious fumes are not good judges of whether they should keep
working.
● Matches. Fumes impair ability to judge.
D. People who just donated blood and feel faint are not good judges of whether they’re ready to
leave.
● Matches. Physical condition (faintness) impairs judgment.
E. People with schizophrenia are not good judges of whether they should continue treatment.
● Matches. Mental condition impairs judgment.
Correct Answer
B. Elementary school students disliking arithmetic.
Key Takeaways for Match the Principle Questions
1. Extract the general principle from the passage.
2. Compare each option—ignore content, focus on whether the logic of the principle
matches.
3. For EXCEPT questions, pick the one that does not fit the principle.