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1. Database Architecture

1. Three-level DBMS architecture includes:

A) Physical, Logical, View
B) External, Conceptual, Internal
C) User, System, Database
D) Schema, Instance, Table
Answer: B

2. Logical data independence means:

A) Change in physical schema does not affect logical schema
B) Change in conceptual schema does not affect external schema
C) Change in external schema does not affect conceptual schema
D) Change in internal schema does not affect external schema
Answer: C

2. Relational Algebra (Important for JKSSB)

3. Which operation selects rows from a table?

A) Projection
B) Selection
C) Union
D) Join
Answer: B

4. Projection operation is used to:

A) Select rows
B) Select columns
C) Combine relations
D) Remove duplicates
 Answer: B

5. Natural join is a type of:

A) Cartesian product
B) Equi join
C) Outer join
D) Self join
Answer: B

3. Keys & Constraints

6. Which constraint ensures no duplicate values?

A) NOT NULL
B) UNIQUE
C) CHECK
D) DEFAULT
Answer: B

7. A foreign key can reference:

A) Any column
B) Only primary key
C) Primary or candidate key
D) Any attribute
Answer: C

4. Normalization & Dependencies

8. BCNF is stricter than 3NF because:

8. BCNF is stricter than 3NF because:
A) It removes partial dependency
B) It removes transitive dependency
C) Every determinant is a candidate key
D) It removes multivalued dependency
Answer: C

9. A relation is in 1NF if:

A) No transitive dependency
B) No partial dependency
C) All attributes are atomic
D) All non-key attributes depend on primary key
Answer: C

5. Transactions & Recovery

10. Checkpoint is used for:

A) Deadlock prevention
B) Faster recovery
C) Data encryption
D) Indexing
Answer: B

11. Which log is used for undo operations?

A) Redo log
B) Binary log
C) Undo log
D) Error log
Answer: C

12. Cascading rollback occurs when:

A) Transaction commits
B) One rollback causes other rollbacks
C) Deadlock occurs
D) Table is dropped
Answer: B

6. Concurrency Control

13. Which problem is solved by strict 2-phase locking?

A) Dirty read
B) Lost update
C) Cascading rollback
D) All of the above
Answer: D

14. Phantom problem occurs due to:

A) Update
B) Insert/Delete
C) Commit
D) Rollback
Answer: B

7. SQL (JKSSB Favorite Area)

15. Which SQL command is DDL?

A) INSERT
B) UPDATE
C) CREATE
D) SELECT
Answer: C

16. TRUNCATE differs from DELETE because:

A) It can be rolled back
B) It deletes table structure
C) It is faster and non-rollback
D) It uses WHERE clause
Answer: C

17. HAVING clause is used with:

A) SELECT
B) WHERE
C) GROUP BY
D) ORDER BY
Answer: C

8. Indexing & File Organization

18. Dense index means:

A) One index entry per file
B) One index entry per block
C) One index entry per record
D) No index
Answer: C

19. Hashing is best for:

A) Range queries
B) Exact match queries
C) Sorting
D) Sequential access
Answer: B

9. ER Model

20. Weak entity is one that:

A) Has no attributes
B) Has no primary key
C) Has no foreign key
D) Has no relationship
Answer: B
26. Candidate key is:

A) Primary key
B) Foreign key
C) Minimal super key
D) Composite key
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

27. Super key is:

A) Minimal key
B) Set of attributes that uniquely identify a tuple
C) Foreign key
D) Partial key
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary
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28. Composite key consists of:

A) One attribute
B) More than one attribute
C) Only numeric values
D) Only character values
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

29. Entity integrity constraint means:

A) No duplicate values
B) Primary key cannot be NULL
C) Foreign key must exist
D) Domain restriction
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

30. Referential integrity ensures:

A) No NULL values
B) No duplicate rows
C) Foreign key value must match primary key
D) Domain checking
Ans: C
 Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

31. Which command removes a table permanently?

A) DELETE
B) TRUNCATE
C) DROP
D) REMOVE
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

32. DDL commands include:

A) INSERT
B) UPDATE
C) DELETE
D) CREATE
Ans: D
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

33. INSERT command belongs to:

A) DDL
B) DML
C) DCL
D) TCL
 Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

34. GRANT and REVOKE are:

A) DDL
B) DML
C) DCL
D) TCL
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

35. COMMIT and ROLLBACK are:

A) DDL
B) DML
C) DCL
D) TCL
Ans: D
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

36. Which join returns all rows from left table?

A) Inner join
B) Right join
C) Left join
D) Full join
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

37. Which join returns rows from both tables?

A) Inner join
B) Full outer join
C) Left join
D) Right join
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

38. View is a:

A) Physical table
B) Virtual table
C) Index
D) Schema
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

39. Which clause is used to sort data?

A) GROUP BY
B) HAVING
C) ORDER BY
D) WHERE
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

40. WHERE clause is used to:

A) Group rows
B) Sort rows
C) Filter rows
D) Aggregate data
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

41. Which normal form removes multivalued dependency?

A) 3NF
B) BCNF
C) 4NF
D) 5NF
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

42. Lossless decomposition ensures:

A) Data loss
B) No information loss
C) Redundancy
D) Dependency loss
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

43. Transaction isolation is ensured by:

A) Atomicity
B) Consistency
C) Isolation
D) Durability
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

44. Durability means:

A) All or nothing
B) Valid state
C) Isolation
D) Committed data survives failure
Ans: D
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

45. Serializability is related to:

A) Indexing
B) Recovery
C) Concurrency control
D) Security
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

46. Checkpoint is used in:

A) Indexing
B) Normalization
C) Recovery
D) Security
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

47. Log-based recovery uses:

A) Schema
B) Index
C) Transaction log
D) View
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

48. Which index is fastest for equality search?

A) B-tree
B) Bitmap
C) Hash index
D) Dense index
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

49. Clustered index:

A) Is always dense
B) Determines physical order of data
C) Is always sparse
D) Is virtual
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

50. Which file organization is best for sequential access?

A) Hash
B) Indexed
C) Sequential
D) Random
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

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51. Data independence means:

A) Data security
B) Change in schema without affecting application
C) Backup
D) Recovery
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

52. Logical data independence is between:

A) Physical & internal

B) Conceptual & external
C) Internal & conceptual
D) Schema & instance
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

53. Physical data independence is between:

A) External & conceptual

B) Internal & conceptual
C) Schema & instance
D) User & DB
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

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54. Schema is:

A) Database state
B) Database structure
C) Database record
D) Database file
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

55. Instance refers to:

A) Structure
B) Current data
C) Schema
D) Metadata
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

56. Tuple is a:

A) Column
B) Row
C) Table
D) Key
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary
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57. Attribute is a:

A) Table
B) Row
C) Column
D) Key
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

58. Degree of a relation means:

A) Number of rows
B) Number of attributes
C) Number of tuples
D) Number of keys
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

59. Cardinality of relation means:

A) Number of attributes
B) Number of tuples
C) Number of keys
D) Number of tables
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant
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60. Which model uses tables?

A) Network
B) Hierarchical
C) Relational
D) Object
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

61. Hierarchical model follows:

A) Many-to-many
B) Tree structure
C) Graph
D) Table
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

62. Network model supports:

A) One-to-one
B) One-to-many
C) Many-to-many
D) One-to-none
Ans: C
 Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

63. Object-oriented DB stores:

A) Rows
B) Columns
C) Objects
D) Files
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

64. Which key uniquely identifies records?

A) Foreign
B) Composite
C) Primary
D) Secondary
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

65. Secondary key is used for:

A) Uniqueness
B) Integrity
C) Searching
D) Relationship
 Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

66. Which constraint restricts values?

A) Primary key
B) Foreign key
C) Domain constraint
D) Entity constraint
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

67. NULL means:

A) Zero
B) Blank
C) Unknown / not applicable
D) Space
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

68. Which operation combines tables?

A) Selection
B) Projection
C) Join
D) Division
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

69. Projection operation selects:

A) Rows
B) Columns
C) Tables
D) Keys
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

70. Selection operation selects:

A) Columns
B) Tables
C) Rows
D) Keys
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

71. Union operation requires:

A) Same keys
B) Same rows
C) Same degree and domain
D) Same name
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

72. Intersection returns:

A) All tuples
B) Common tuples
C) Different tuples
D) Cartesian product
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

73. Cartesian product results in:

A) Sum of rows
B) Difference of rows
C) Product of rows
D) Division of rows
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

74. Which language is used in DBMS?

A) C
B) Java
C) Python
D) SQL
Ans: D
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

75. DBMS provides:

A) Redundancy
B) Inconsistency
C) Data security
D) Data loss
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant
76. Which operation selects tuples from a relation?

A) Projection
B) Join
C) Selection
D) Union
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

77. Which normal form deals with join dependency?

A) 3NF
B) BCNF
C) 4NF
D) 5NF
Ans: D
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

78. Which key is used to link two tables?

A) Primary key
B) Candidate key
C) Foreign key
D) Secondary key
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

79. Referential integrity is maintained using:

A) Primary key
B) Foreign key
C) Candidate key
D) Composite key
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

80. Which SQL command changes table structure?

A) INSERT
B) UPDATE
C) ALTER
D) SELECT
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

81. DELETE command removes:

A) Table structure
B) Database
C) Rows from table
D) Columns
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

82. TRUNCATE command:

A) Can be rolled back

B) Removes selected rows
C) Removes all rows permanently
D) Is DML
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

83. DROP command deletes:

A) Records
B) Columns
C) Table completely
D) Index only
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

84. Which constraint ensures unique values?

A) NOT NULL
B) CHECK
C) UNIQUE
D) DEFAULT
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

85. CHECK constraint is used to:

A) Ensure uniqueness
B) Avoid NULL
C) Limit range of values
D) Create relationship
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

86. DEFAULT constraint is used to:

A) Avoid duplicate
B) Set default value
C) Set primary key
D) Restrict range
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

87. View does NOT store:

A) Query
B) Result
C) Actual data
D) Definition
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

88. Which view allows data modification?

A) Complex view
B) Simple view
C) Join view
D) Group view
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

89. Which clause filters grouped data?

89. Which clause filters grouped data?

A) WHERE
B) HAVING
C) GROUP BY
D) ORDER BY
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

90. Which aggregate function returns maximum value?

A) COUNT
B) AVG
C) SUM
D) MAX
Ans: D
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

91. Which aggregate function ignores NULL values?

A) COUNT(*)
B) COUNT(column)
C) SUM
D) MAX
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

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92. Which join gives matching and non-matching rows?

A) Inner join
B) Outer join
C) Cross join
D) Self join
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

93. Self join is used to join:

A) Two tables
B) Same table
C) View and table
D) Database
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

94. Cross join produces:

A) Matching rows
B) Cartesian product
C) Common rows
D) Filtered rows
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

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⸻

95. Which lock allows multiple reads?

A) Exclusive lock
B) Shared lock
C) Binary lock
D) Strict lock
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

96. Which lock allows read and write?

A) Shared
B) Exclusive
C) Binary
D) None
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

97. Deadlock can be prevented using:

A) Indexing
B) Timestamp ordering
C) Views
D) Normalization
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant
⸻

98. Starvation occurs when:

A) Deadlock happens
B) Transaction never gets resources
C) System crashes
D) Commit fails
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

99. Which schedule has no interleaving?

A) Serializable
B) Serial schedule
C) Concurrent
D) Recoverable
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

100. Serializable schedule ensures:

A) Speed
B) Consistency
C) Backup
D) Security
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant
 Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

101. Which recovery technique uses checkpoints?

A) Shadow paging
B) Log-based recovery
C) Index recovery
D) Backup recovery
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

102. Shadow paging avoids use of:

A) Index
B) Log file
C) Schema
D) View
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

103. Which index uses tree structure?

A) Hash index
B) B-tree index
C) Bitmap index
D) Dense index
Ans: B
 Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

104. B-tree index is best for:

A) Exact match
B) Range queries
C) Equality only
D) Sequential only
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

105. Bitmap index is best for:

A) High cardinality
B) Low cardinality
C) Text data
D) Primary key
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

106. File organization affects:

A) Integrity
B) Access speed
C) Security
D) Normalization
 Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

107. Which file organization is fastest for random access?

A) Sequential
B) Direct (Hash)
C) Indexed sequential
D) Heap
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

108. Heap file organization means:

A) Sorted data
B) Unordered data
C) Indexed data
D) Hashed data
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

109. Which model is most popular in DBMS?

A) Hierarchical
B) Network
C) Relational
D) Object
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

110. Relational model was proposed by:

A) Chen
B) Date
C) E. F. Codd
D) IBM
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

111. ER diagram is used for:

A) Coding
B) Testing
C) Database design
D) Execution
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

112. Rectangle in ER diagram represents:

A) Attribute
B) Relationship
C) Entity
D) Key
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

113. Oval represents:

A) Entity
B) Relationship
C) Attribute
D) Key
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

114. Diamond represents:

A) Entity
B) Relationship
C) Attribute
D) Key
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

115. Double oval indicates:

A) Key attribute
B) Simple attribute
C) Multivalued attribute
D) Composite attribute
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

116. Double rectangle indicates:

A) Strong entity
B) Weak entity
C) Attribute
D) Relationship
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

117. Partial key is used with:

A) Strong entity
B) Weak entity
C) Composite entity
D) Relationship
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

118. One-to-many relationship means:

A) One entity to one
B) One entity to many
C) Many to one
D) Many to many
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

119. Many-to-many relationship is resolved using:

A) Primary key
B) Foreign key
C) Bridge table
D) Index
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

120. Bridge table contains:

A) Only one key

B) Foreign keys of related tables
C) No keys
D) Only primary key
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

121. Metadata means:

121. Metadata means:

A) Data
B) Data about data
C) Backup data
D) Temporary data
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

122. Data dictionary stores:

A) Actual data
B) Index
C) Metadata
D) Backup
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

123. Which DBMS user designs database?

A) End user
B) Programmer
C) DBA
D) Operator
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

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124. DBA is responsible for:

A) Coding
B) Security & maintenance
C) Data entry
D) Testing
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

125. Which user interacts through forms?

A) DBA
B) Programmer
C) Naive user
D) Designer
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

126. Which DBMS architecture has three levels?

A) One-tier
B) Two-tier
C) Three-tier
D) Four-tier
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

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⸻

127. External level shows:

A) Physical storage
B) User view
C) Logical view
D) Conceptual view
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

128. Conceptual level shows:

A) User view
B) Physical view
C) Logical structure
D) File structure
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

129. Internal level shows:

A) User view
B) Logical view
C) Physical storage
D) Schema
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant
⸻

130. Which language defines database structure?

A) DML
B) DCL
C) DDL
D) TCL
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

131. Which language controls access?

A) DDL
B) DML
C) DCL
D) TCL
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

132. Which language manages transactions?

A) DDL
B) DML
C) DCL
D) TCL
Ans: D
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant
 Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

133. Which command saves changes permanently?

A) ROLLBACK
B) COMMIT
C) SAVEPOINT
D) END
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

134. SAVEPOINT is used to:

A) End transaction
B) Mark intermediate point
C) Delete data
D) Create table
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

135. Rollback restores data to:

A) Start
B) End
C) Last commit
D) Schema
Ans: C
 Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

136. Which SQL operator checks range?

A) IN
B) LIKE
C) BETWEEN
D) ANY
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

137. LIKE operator is used for:

A) Exact match
B) Pattern matching
C) Range
D) Comparison
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

138. % symbol in LIKE represents:

A) Single character
B) Multiple characters
C) Number
D) Space
 Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

139. _ symbol in LIKE represents:

A) Multiple characters
B) Single character
C) Space
D) Number
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

140. IN operator is used to:

A) Compare one value

B) Compare multiple values
C) Join tables
D) Sort data
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Junior Assistant

141. EXISTS operator returns:

A) Value
B) Table
C) True or False
D) Number
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

142. Subquery is a query:

A) Outside query
B) Inside another query
C) Temporary table
D) View
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

143. Correlated subquery executes:

A) Once
B) For each row
C) Never
D) Twice
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

144. Which clause cannot be used in subquery?

A) SELECT
B) WHERE
C) FROM
D) ORDER BY
Ans: D
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

145. Which DBMS feature avoids redundancy?

A) Indexing
B) Normalization
C) Security
D) Backup
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

146. Over-normalization may lead to:

A) Data loss
B) More joins
C) Redundancy
D) Inconsistency
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Accounts Assistant

147. Denormalization is used to:

A) Increase redundancy
B) Improve performance
C) Reduce security
D) Remove keys
Ans: B
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

148. Which DBMS feature ensures data safety?

A) Normalization
B) Indexing
C) Backup & recovery
D) Views
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Panchayat Secretary

149. Which failure affects only memory?

A) System crash
B) Media failure
C) Transaction failure
D) Disk crash
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant

150. Which failure requires backup restoration?

A) Transaction failure
B) System crash
C) Media failure
D) Deadlock
Ans: C
Asked in: JKSSB Computer Assistant
1. DBMS stands for:

A) Data Backup Management System

B) Database Management System
C) Data Base Manipulation Software
D) Digital Base Management System
Ans: B
JKSSB Junior Assistant, Panchayat Secretary

2. Main purpose of DBMS is to reduce:

A) Security
B) Data redundancy
C) Data sharing
D) Processing time
Ans: B
Panchayat Secretary

3. Logical structure of database is called:

A) Instance
B) Schema
C) Relation
D) File
Ans: B
Junior Assistant

4. Which key uniquely identifies a record?

A) Foreign key
B) Composite key
C) Primary key
D) Secondary key
Ans: C
Panchayat Secretary

5. Primary key cannot have:

A) Duplicate values
B) NULL values
C) Numbers
D) Characters
Ans: B
Junior Assistant

6. Foreign key is used to:

A) Identify record
B) Maintain referential integrity
C) Speed search
D) Avoid NULL
Ans: B
Accounts Assistant

7. Candidate key is:

A) Primary key
B) Minimal super key
C) Foreign key
D) Composite key
Ans: B
Junior Assistant

8. 1NF requires:

A) No partial dependency
B) Atomic values
C) No transitive dependency
D) Candidate keys
Ans: B
Junior Assistant

9. 2NF removes:
A) Transitive dependency
B) Partial dependency
C) Multivalued dependency
D) Join dependency
Ans: B
Accounts Assistant

10. 3NF removes:

A) Partial dependency
B) Transitive dependency
C) Multivalued dependency
D) None
Ans: B
Accounts Assistant

11. BCNF condition:

A) No transitive dependency
B) Every determinant is candidate key
C) Atomic values
D) No NULL
Ans: B
Computer Assistant

12. SQL stands for:

A) Simple Query Language
B) Structured Query Language
C) Standard Query Language
D) Sequential Query Language
Ans: B
Panchayat Secretary

13. SELECT command is used to:

A) Insert
B) Delete
C) Retrieve data
D) Update
Ans: C
Panchayat Secretary

14. Which command deletes all rows permanently?

A) DELETE
B) TRUNCATE
C) DROP
D) REMOVE
Ans: B
Junior Assistant

⸻
15. DROP command deletes:

A) Records
B) Columns
C) Table completely
D) Index
Ans: C
Junior Assistant

16. DDL command is:

A) INSERT
B) UPDATE
C) DELETE
D) CREATE
Ans: D
Panchayat Secretary

17. INSERT belongs to:

A) DDL
B) DML
C) DCL
D) TCL
Ans: B
Panchayat Secretary

⸻
18. GRANT and REVOKE are:

A) DDL
B) DML
C) DCL
D) TCL
Ans: C
Computer Assistant

19. COMMIT and ROLLBACK are:

A) DDL
B) DML
C) DCL
D) TCL
Ans: D
Accounts Assistant

20. WHERE clause is used to:

A) Group rows
B) Sort rows
C) Filter rows
D) Aggregate data
Ans: C
Panchayat Secretary
⸻

21. ORDER BY is used for:

A) Grouping
B) Filtering
C) Sorting
D) Joining
Ans: C
Panchayat Secretary

22. GROUP BY is used with:

A) WHERE
B) Aggregate functions
C) JOIN
D) ORDER BY
Ans: B
Accounts Assistant

23. HAVING clause works on:

A) Rows
B) Columns
C) Groups
D) Tables
Ans: C
Accounts Assistant
⸻

24. COUNT() returns:

A) Sum
B) Average
C) Number of rows
D) Maximum
Ans: C
Panchayat Secretary

25. INNER JOIN returns:

A) All rows
B) Matching rows
C) Left rows
D) Right rows
Ans: B
Accounts Assistant

26. LEFT JOIN returns:

A) Right table rows

B) All left table rows
C) Matching only
D) None
Ans: B
 Accounts Assistant

27. View is a:

A) Table
B) Virtual table
C) Index
D) Schema
Ans: B
Junior Assistant

28. View does not store:

A) Query
B) Result
C) Actual data
D) Definition
Ans: C
Junior Assistant

29. ACID property is related to:

A) Security
B) Backup
C) Transactions
D) Index
 Ans: C
Computer Assistant

30. Atomicity means:

A) Isolation
B) Consistency
C) All or nothing
D) Durability
Ans: C
Accounts Assistant

31. Deadlock occurs when:

A) Transactions wait for each other

B) Commit fails
C) Rollback
D) System crash
Ans: A
Computer Assistant

32. Serializability is related to:

A) Indexing
B) Recovery
C) Concurrency control
D) Security
Ans: C
Computer Assistant

33. Index is used to:

A) Store data
B) Speed up searching
C) Increase redundancy
D) Delete data
Ans: B
Accounts Assistant

34. Hashing is best for:

A) Range queries
B) Sorting
C) Exact match
D) Sequential access
Ans: C
Computer Assistant

35. ER model was proposed by:

A) Codd
B) Chen
C) Date
D) IBM
Ans: B
Junior Assistant

36. Rectangle in ER diagram represents:

A) Attribute
B) Relationship
C) Entity
D) Key
Ans: C
Junior Assistant

37. Oval represents:

A) Entity
B) Relationship
C) Attribute
D) Key
Ans: C
Junior Assistant

38. Weak entity has:

A) No attributes
B) No primary key
C) No relationship
D) No foreign key
Ans: B
Accounts Assistant

39. One-to-many relationship means:

A) One to one
B) One to many
C) Many to many
D) Many to one
Ans: B
Panchayat Secretary

40. Many-to-many relationship is resolved by:

A) Primary key
B) Foreign key
C) Bridge table
D) Index
Ans: C
Accounts Assistant

41. Data independence means:

A) Security
B) Change in schema without affecting program
C) Backup
D) Recovery
Ans: B
Junior Assistant

42. Logical data independence is between:

A) Internal & physical

B) Conceptual & external
C) Schema & instance
D) User & DB
Ans: B
Computer Assistant

43. Physical data independence is between:

A) External & conceptual

B) Internal & conceptual
C) Schema & instance
D) User & DB
Ans: B
Computer Assistant

44. Tuple means:

A) Column
B) Row
C) Table
D) Key
Ans: B
Panchayat Secretary

45. Attribute means:

A) Table
B) Row
C) Column
D) Key
Ans: C
Panchayat Secretary

46. Degree of relation means:

A) Rows
B) Columns
C) Keys
D) Tables
Ans: B
Junior Assistant

⸻
47. Cardinality means:

A) Columns
B) Rows
C) Keys
D) Tables
Ans: B
Junior Assistant

48. Relational model was proposed by:

A) Chen
B) Date
C) E. F. Codd
D) IBM
Ans: C
Panchayat Secretary

49. Metadata means:

A) Data
B) Data about data
C) Backup
D) Temporary data
Ans: B
Junior Assistant

⸻
50. Data dictionary stores:

A) Actual data
B) Index
C) Metadata
D) Backup
Ans: C
Junior Assistant

51. DBA is responsible for:

A) Coding
B) Security & maintenance
C) Data entry
D) Testing
Ans: B
Panchayat Secretary

52. Naive users interact using:

A) SQL
B) Programs
C) Forms
D) Scripts
Ans: C
Junior Assistant
⸻

53. Three-tier architecture has:

A) 1 level
B) 2 levels
C) 3 levels
D) 4 levels
Ans: C
Computer Assistant

54. External level shows:

A) Physical data
B) Logical data
C) User view
D) Schema
Ans: C
Junior Assistant

55. Internal level shows:

A) User view
B) Logical view
C) Physical storage
D) Schema
Ans: C
Computer Assistant
⸻

56. LIKE operator is used for:

A) Exact match
B) Pattern matching
C) Range
D) Join
Ans: B
Panchayat Secretary

57. % symbol in LIKE means:

A) One character
B) Many characters
C) Space
D) Number
Ans: B
Panchayat Secretary

58. Subquery is a query:

A) Outside query
B) Inside another query
C) Temporary table
D) View
Ans: B
Accounts Assistant