Static Routing
Static Routing is also known as non-adaptive routing which doesn’t change
routing table unless the network administrator changes or modify them manually.
Static routing does not use complex routing algorithms and It provides high or
more security than dynamic routing.
Dynamic Routing
Dynamic routing is also known as adaptive routing which change routing table
according to the change in topology. Dynamic routing uses complex routing
algorithms and it does not provide high security like static routing. When the
network change(topology) occurs, it sends the message to router to ensure that
changes then the routes are recalculated for sending updated routing information.
Dynamic Routing is a type of routing which is performed through routing
protocols.
The Network Layer of the OSI Model is responsible for providing logical
addressing, which routers use to select best path for routing packets. There are
two types of packets used at this layer:
1. Data Packets (Payload): The user data is transferred in the inter-
network by these data packets. Routed protocols are those protocols
which support such data traffic. Routed Protocol carries user traffic such
as e-mails, file transfers, web traffic etc. Routed protocols use an
addressing system (example IP Address) which can address a
particular network and a host (a computer, server, network printer etc)
inside that network. In other words, the address which is used by a
Routed Protocol (Example IP (Internet Protocol)) has a network address
part and a host (a computer inside a network) part. Examples of routed
protocols are IPv4, IPv6, IPX and AppleTalk. IP (Internet Protocol) is
the most widely used Routed Protocol. Internet is using IP (IPv4 or IPv6)
as its Routed Protocol. Other Routed protocols are vanishing from
network industry.
2. Route Update Packets: The information about the networks connected
to all the routers is updated to the neighbouring routers through route
update packets. Routing protocols are the ones that are responsible
for sending them. Examples of routing protocols are RIP (Routing
Information Protocol), EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing
Protocol) and OSPF (Open Shortest Path First).
Now let’s take a real-life analogy to better understand the difference between
routed and routing protocols.
Suppose you want to go to your home after your semester examinations. You
book a taxi or take a rikshaw to your home. In the path of your journey, you
encounter several sign boards which help you take proper or best path, or in case
of a taxi, Google Maps will help you in choosing the best route.
In this analogy, consider yourself as the DATA, the rikshaw or taxi as the
ROUTED PROTOCOL and the sign boards or the GPS installed in your driver’s
phone as the ROUTING PROTOCOL.
Similarly, in a network router use routing protocols to determine the best path for
a packet to travel through the inter-network more efficiently. Routed protocols are
assigned to an interface and determine the method of delivering the packet.
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Routing protocols are just like human brain while Routed protocols are just like
human legs.
Abbreviations
• IGP – Interior Gateway Protocol
• EGP – Exterior Gateway Protocol
• RIP – Routing Information Protocol
• IGRP – Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
• OSPF – Open Shortest Path First
• ISIS – Intermediate System to Intermediate System
• EIGRP – Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
• BGP – Border Gateway Protocol
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