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Rajendra Prasad: The First President of India
An Autobiographical Journey of Simplicity and Service
By
Abhinav Giri
"In attaining our independence, we have surmounted monumental
obstacles.
Now, it is our duty to preserve it by working with unity, discipline,
and selfless service."
— Dr. Rajendra Prasad
📖 Self-Published, 2025
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Dedication
To the spirit of India’s freedom struggle,
to the countless unsung heroes who gave their sweat and blood for
independence,
and to Dr. Rajendra Prasad, whose life of humility, integrity, and
service remains an eternal light for our nation.
— Abhinav Giri
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Acknowledgements
Writing this book on the life of Dr. Rajendra Prasad has been both an
inspiring and humbling journey. I wish to express my deepest
gratitude to all those who, in one way or another, supported me in
bringing this work to life.
I am thankful to the historians, writers, and researchers whose works
on India’s freedom struggle and on Dr. Rajendra Prasad provided
valuable insights. Their dedication to preserving history gave me the
foundation to shape this narrative.
I also extend my heartfelt thanks to my teachers, friends, and family
members for their constant encouragement and belief in my efforts.
Without their guidance, patience, and motivation, this book would
not have been possible.
Above all, I bow to the memory of Dr. Rajendra Prasad himself—an
icon of simplicity, humility, and sacrifice—whose life continues to
inspire millions of Indians even today.
— Abhinav Giri
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Preface
Dr. Rajendra Prasad’s life is not just the story of one man but the
story of India’s struggle for freedom, the shaping of its democracy,
and the values of humility and service that remain timeless. From his
early days in Bihar to becoming the first President of independent
India, his journey reflects sacrifice, determination, and simplicity at
their finest.
This book is an attempt to trace his life, not merely as a historical
record, but as an inspiration for every Indian who values honesty,
discipline, and patriotism. Through his words, actions, and
leadership, Rajendra Prasad demonstrated how moral strength can
shape the destiny of a nation.
I have written this work with the hope that readers, especially
students and young citizens, will understand his contributions and
carry forward the ideals he stood for. While history often celebrates
leaders in grandeur, Dr. Prasad’s greatness lay in his humility, and it
is this essence I have tried to capture in these pages.
If this book inspires even a few readers to live with greater integrity,
courage, and love for their country, I will consider my effort
successful.
— Abhinav Giri
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Table of Contents
Preface ..................................................... 5
Chapter 1: Early Life and Childhood .......................... 7
Chapter 2: Education and Formative Years .................... 9
Chapter 3: Entry into the Freedom Struggle .................. 10
Chapter 4: Role in Champaran and Gandhian Influence ........ 11
Chapter 5: Leadership in the Indian National Congress ...... 12
Chapter 6: Imprisonment and Sacrifices for Freedom .......... 13
Chapter 7: Contribution to the Constituent Assembly ......... 14
Chapter 8: The First President of India ..................... 15
Chapter 9: Vision for India’s Future ....................... 16
Chapter 10: Personal Life, Values, and Legacy .............. 17
Chapter 11: Later Years and Retirement.................. 18
Chapter 12: Legacy of Rajendra Prasad ....................................... 19
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Chapter 1: Introduction – A Life of Simplicity
and Service
On the morning of 26 January 1950, India awoke to a new dawn. The
Constitution had come into force, the Republic was born, and at its
head stood a man whose life epitomized humility and sacrifice—Dr.
Rajendra Prasad, the first President of India. Unlike many who seek
high office, Dr. Prasad had never desired power. For him, leadership
was not a privilege but a duty, and public service was the highest
form of worship.
What set Rajendra Prasad apart was not merely his political stature
but his moral authority. Even as President, he maintained a life of
astonishing simplicity. It is said that he often walked barefoot in the
garden of Rashtrapati Bhavan, tending to vegetables with his own
hands. Guests were sometimes surprised to see the head of the
Republic discussing crops and soil quality with the same seriousness
as matters of state. This rare blend of humility and wisdom made him
deeply respected across political lines.
Dr. Prasad’s journey from a small village in Bihar to the highest office
of independent India is a story of dedication, scholarship, and an
unwavering commitment to truth. Born in a modest household, he
rose to become a brilliant student, a successful lawyer, a fearless
freedom fighter, and ultimately a guiding hand in the framing of the
Constitution. His life mirrored the struggles and aspirations of India
itself—emerging from colonial bondage to assert dignity, democracy,
and self-rule.
Why should we remember Rajendra Prasad today? Because in an age
of growing materialism and political opportunism, his example
reminds us of what leadership ought to be: principled, selfless, and
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rooted in service. He embodied the spirit of “simple living, high
thinking.” His speeches reveal a deep faith in India’s cultural
heritage, his actions displayed integrity, and his personal conduct
reflected the values of honesty and compassion.
This book does not merely narrate the chronology of his life; it seeks
to explore the ideals he lived by and the challenges he faced.
Through his story, we discover not just a leader but a moral compass
—a man who believed that true freedom lies in discipline, and true
leadership lies in humility.
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Chapter 2: Early Life and Family Background
Rajendra Prasad was born on 3 December 1884 in Zeradei, a small
village in the Siwan district of Bihar. His family belonged to the
Kayastha community, known for their tradition of learning and
administrative service. His father, Mahadev Sahai, was a scholar of
Persian and Sanskrit, while his mother, Kamleshwari Devi, was a
deeply religious woman whose simplicity and devotion left a lasting
impression on young Rajendra.
The household was modest but rich in culture. Spiritual recitations,
stories from epics like the Ramayana and Mahabharata, and lessons
in honesty and discipline were part of daily life. These early
influences shaped his character, instilling in him a love for truth,
compassion for others, and an appreciation of India’s heritage.
From childhood, Rajendra displayed extraordinary intelligence.
Teachers noticed his ability to grasp lessons quickly, sometimes after
hearing them only once. His honesty and calm temperament earned
him the affection of peers and elders alike. He also developed a
strong sense of responsibility, often helping his family with
household duties while excelling in studies.
Though growing up in rural Bihar, his upbringing gave him a deep
connection with the soil and people of India—an awareness that
later defined his political philosophy. He never lost touch with his
roots, even when occupying the grand halls of Rashtrapati Bhavan
decades later.
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Chapter 3: Student Extraordinaire
Education was Rajendra Prasad’s true calling. His schooling began in
Chhapra, where he stood out as a brilliant student. Later, he moved
to Patna for higher studies and soon earned a reputation for
academic excellence.
He joined Presidency College, Calcutta, one of the most prestigious
institutions of the time. Initially, he pursued Science but later shifted
to Law, drawn by its intellectual rigor and practical impact. He
completed his Master’s in Economics with distinction. His academic
journey was marked by humility—though consistently a top student,
he never boasted of his achievements.
An oft-repeated anecdote captures his brilliance: during an
examination, the examiner, astonished by the depth and clarity of his
answers, is said to have remarked, “The examinee is better than the
examiner.” Such was the impression he left on his teachers.
Beyond books, Rajendra Prasad was deeply influenced by the
intellectual climate of Bengal. He encountered the writings of
reformers and thinkers of the Bengal Renaissance. He became more
aware of India’s struggle under colonial rule and began sympathizing
with the cause of nationalism. Though not yet active in politics, the
seeds of public service were sown.
His student years gave him not only knowledge but also discipline,
exposure to diverse ideas, and a network of peers who would later
become part of the nationalist movement.
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Chapter 4: A Promising Legal Career
Armed with degrees and a brilliant mind, Rajendra Prasad entered
the legal profession. He began practicing at the Calcutta High Court,
later shifting to the Patna High Court after its establishment. His
sharp reasoning, command over law, and unwavering honesty
quickly earned him recognition. Clients trusted him, and colleagues
admired his clarity and fairness.
He enjoyed financial success as a lawyer, but wealth never seduced
him. He lived simply, dedicating much of his earnings to social and
educational causes. He also took an active interest in teaching,
serving as a professor and contributing to the academic community.
At the same time, he wrote for nationalist journals such as
Searchlight and Desh, using his pen to spread awareness about
India’s plight under British rule. His articles combined intellectual
sharpness with deep concern for the poor and oppressed.
Though his career promised prestige and prosperity, Rajendra Prasad
felt a growing restlessness. The call of the nation was stronger than
the allure of the courtroom. His transition from a successful lawyer
to a full-time servant of the freedom struggle was not a sudden leap
but a gradual awakening, influenced by events and personalities that
stirred his conscience.
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Chapter 5: Entry into Freedom Struggle
The turning point in Rajendra Prasad’s life came in 1917, when he
met Mahatma Gandhi during the Champaran Satyagraha. Gandhi
had come to support indigo farmers oppressed by British planters.
Rajendra Prasad, then a prosperous lawyer, initially went to
Champaran out of curiosity, unsure of Gandhi’s methods. But what
he witnessed—the plight of peasants, Gandhi’s compassion, and his
fearless simplicity—transformed him.
This encounter marked the beginning of Rajendra Prasad’s lifelong
devotion to Gandhi and the nationalist cause. Soon, he abandoned
the comforts of his legal profession and immersed himself in service.
When floods struck Bihar or earthquakes devastated regions, he
organized relief with extraordinary efficiency, winning people’s trust
as a leader who cared for their suffering.
In 1920, he fully committed himself to the Non-Cooperation
Movement, giving up his legal practice. This was a moment of great
sacrifice: from a life of prestige and income, he chose imprisonment
and hardship. But for Rajendra Prasad, there was no hesitation. He
believed that “service to the nation was greater than service to
self.”
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Chapter 6: A True Gandhian
Rajendra Prasad became one of Gandhi’s most loyal followers,
embodying his ideals of truth, non-violence, simplicity, and self-
reliance. He adopted khadi, gave up luxurious habits, and lived with
the discipline of a Gandhian volunteer.
He played a key role in organizing protests during the Non-
Cooperation Movement (1920–22) and was imprisoned several
times. Yet, he never allowed anger or bitterness to cloud his actions.
Instead, he used jail time to study, reflect, and write.
In addition to activism, he took up the pen as a weapon. As editor of
journals like Searchlight and Desh, he spread nationalist thought,
urging Indians to reject colonial exploitation and rediscover self-
respect. His writings were logical yet deeply humane, appealing both
to reason and conscience.
His life of austerity set an example for others. Even in positions of
authority, he remained grounded, living simply, eating modestly, and
keeping personal needs minimal. For Rajendra Prasad, politics was
not about power, but about service.
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Chapter 7: Leader of the Masses
By the 1930s, Rajendra Prasad had become a central figure in the
Indian National Congress. He participated in the Civil Disobedience
Movement (1930), leading protests and facing imprisonment once
again. His speeches inspired thousands, not with fiery rhetoric but
with calm conviction and moral strength.
The Quit India Movement of 1942 saw him imprisoned for nearly
three years in the Ahmednagar Fort. These long years of
confinement tested his endurance but also deepened his inner
strength. He used the time to write and think about India’s future.
What made Rajendra Prasad special was his ability to connect with
ordinary people. Unlike many leaders who operated in elite circles,
he was always accessible to villagers, farmers, and workers. His relief
work during natural calamities—such as the devastating Bihar
earthquake of 1934—won him the title of a “true servant of the
people.”
By the time India was on the threshold of independence, Rajendra
Prasad was recognized as one of the wisest and most trusted leaders,
respected across party lines.
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Chapter 8: Constituent Assembly President
In 1946, when the Constituent Assembly of India was formed to draft
the nation’s Constitution, Rajendra Prasad was elected its President.
It was a position requiring patience, impartiality, and statesmanship
—and he excelled in all.
The Assembly was filled with strong personalities: Jawaharlal Nehru,
Sardar Patel, B.R. Ambedkar, Maulana Azad, and many others.
Debates were often heated, with ideological clashes between
conservatives and progressives. Yet, Rajendra Prasad presided with
such calm dignity that he earned the trust of all sides.
He ensured that every voice was heard, every opinion respected. His
fairness and humility allowed the Assembly to function smoothly,
despite enormous differences. Under his guidance, the Constitution
of India was adopted on 26 November 1949, and came into effect
on 26 January 1950.
It was a historic achievement: a diverse, newly independent nation
now had a democratic framework to guide its future. Rajendra
Prasad’s role in this process was not flamboyant but foundational—
his steady leadership kept the Assembly united and focused.
On 26 January 1950, as India became a Republic, Dr. Rajendra Prasad
was unanimously chosen as the first President of India.
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Chapter 9: The First President of India
On 26 January 1950, as the Constitution came into effect, Dr.
Rajendra Prasad was sworn in as the first President of India. It was a
moment of immense pride not only for him but also for the millions
of Indians who saw in him a symbol of the nation’s moral authority.
Unlike many Presidents of the world, Rajendra Prasad did not view
his position as ceremonial grandeur. Instead, he saw it as a
responsibility to safeguard the spirit of the Constitution. He worked
in close cooperation with Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru,
respecting the principle of parliamentary democracy, yet subtly
reminding leaders of their duty to the people.
Despite living in the majestic Rashtrapati Bhavan, he remained
astonishingly simple. He continued his daily routines—prayers,
gardening, and writing. Visitors were often struck by his humility;
some even recalled seeing the President of India walking barefoot in
the palace gardens, tending to vegetables with his own hands.
He served two terms (1950–1962), making him the longest-serving
President in Indian history. His presidency set high standards of
dignity, neutrality, and moral guidance for future generations.
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Chapter 10: Challenges and Statesmanship
Rajendra Prasad’s presidency was not without challenges. The early
years of the Republic were a testing ground for Indian democracy.
The partition’s wounds were still fresh, states were clamoring for
reorganization, and the nation was experimenting with democratic
institutions.
One of his notable challenges was balancing his personal convictions
with his constitutional role. For instance, he had reservations about
certain reforms like the Hindu Code Bill, which sought to modernize
Hindu personal laws. While he held traditional views, he respected
parliamentary authority and never allowed personal beliefs to
obstruct the democratic process.
His vision for India emphasized agriculture, education, and rural
development. Coming from a farmer’s background, he often
reminded leaders that India’s true strength lay in its villages. He
advocated policies to uplift farmers, improve irrigation, and promote
self-sufficiency.
What stood out most was his statesmanship. Even in moments of
political disagreement, he maintained calm dignity. He never
misused his authority, always remembering that the President was
the guardian of the Constitution, not a rival to the elected
government. His conduct established traditions that continue to
guide the office today.
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Chapter 11: Later Years and Retirement
In 1962, after serving for nearly twelve years, Rajendra Prasad
decided to step down from the presidency. By then, he had become
an elder statesman, respected across the nation as the “conscience
keeper” of the Republic. His farewell was marked by deep emotion,
as Parliament and the people acknowledged his unparalleled
contribution.
After retirement, he returned to Patna, Bihar, choosing a quiet life of
study, writing, and prayer. He penned his autobiography
(Atmakatha), along with other works that reflected on India’s
freedom struggle, Gandhi’s philosophy, and the responsibilities of
citizenship.
Even in retirement, he lived simply, without attachment to wealth or
privilege. His days were spent reading scriptures, writing, and
meeting people who came to seek his blessings.
On 28 February 1963, Dr. Rajendra Prasad passed away in Patna. The
nation mourned the loss of a leader who had guided India with
wisdom, humility, and integrity. His funeral was attended by leaders
from across the spectrum, all acknowledging that India had lost a
fatherly figure.
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Chapter 12: Legacy of Rajendra Prasad
Dr. Rajendra Prasad’s legacy is not measured in monuments or
wealth but in the values he left behind. He is remembered as the
“Ajatshatru”—a man without enemies. Even in the rough world of
politics, he carried no malice in his heart.
His life teaches us timeless lessons:
Simplicity in living: Even as President, he lived like a common
man.
Integrity in leadership: He never compromised on honesty.
Service before self: He gave up a flourishing career to serve the
nation.
Faith in democracy: He respected Parliament and upheld the
Constitution above personal opinion.
Compassion for people: From flood relief to earthquake aid, he
always put people’s suffering first.
In today’s world, where politics is often marked by ambition and
rivalry, Rajendra Prasad stands as a reminder that true leadership lies
in humility, sacrifice, and service. His name is written in golden
letters in India’s history—not just as the first President, but as a
statesman who embodied the soul of the nation.
As we reflect on his life, we realize that Rajendra Prasad was not
merely a leader of his time. He was, and remains, a guide for all
times—an eternal reminder that greatness is born not of power, but
of character.
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Rajendra Prasad – The Gentle Statesman of India tells the inspiring
story of India’s first President, a man whose life exemplified humility,
dedication, and service to the nation. From his childhood in Bihar to
leading the Constituent Assembly and guiding the young Republic,
Dr. Rajendra Prasad remained a symbol of integrity and moral
courage.
An ideal read for students and young readers, this biography shows
that true greatness lies not in wealth or power, but in character and
dedication.
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About the Author
Abhinav Giri is a student with a deep interest in history and the lives
of India’s freedom fighters and leaders. Fascinated by the stories of
courage, simplicity, and service, Abhinav has devoted time to
learning and writing about India’s past to inspire young readers.
Through this book on Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Abhinav aims to share the
values of honesty, dedication, and moral leadership, believing that
understanding the lives of great leaders can guide students in their
own journey toward becoming responsible and compassionate
citizens.
Abhinav lives in India and enjoys reading, writing, and exploring
stories from India’s rich cultural and historical heritage.
Contact: abhinavgiri370@[Link]
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