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Essential Excel Formulas Explained

The document provides a comprehensive list of Excel formulas categorized into Math & Trigonometry, Text Functions, Date & Time, Logical Functions, Lookup & Reference, Statistical Functions, Financial Functions, and Information Functions. Each formula is accompanied by a brief explanation of its functionality. This serves as a useful reference for users looking to utilize Excel for various calculations and data manipulations.

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Aarish Khan
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
5 views2 pages

Essential Excel Formulas Explained

The document provides a comprehensive list of Excel formulas categorized into Math & Trigonometry, Text Functions, Date & Time, Logical Functions, Lookup & Reference, Statistical Functions, Financial Functions, and Information Functions. Each formula is accompanied by a brief explanation of its functionality. This serves as a useful reference for users looking to utilize Excel for various calculations and data manipulations.

Uploaded by

Aarish Khan
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Excel Formulas with Explanation

Math & Trigonometry


SUM(A1:A10): Numbers ka total nikalta hai.
AVERAGE(A1:A10): Average calculate karta hai.
ROUND(12.345,2): Number ko given decimal places tak round karta hai (12.35).
ROUNDUP(12.3,0): Always upar round karega (13).
ROUNDDOWN(12.9,0): Always niche round karega (12).
SQRT(25): Square root deta hai (5).
POWER(2,3): Exponentiation deta hai (2^3=8).
PI(): Pi ki value deta hai (3.14159).
MOD(10,3): Remainder deta hai (1).
ABS(-15): Number ka absolute value (15).
RAND(): 0 se 1 ke beech random number.
RANDBETWEEN(1,100): Given range ke beech random number.

Text Functions
LEN("Hello"): Text ke characters count karta hai (5).
LEFT("Excel",2): Left se 2 character return karega (Ex).
RIGHT("Excel",2): Right se 2 character return karega (el).
MID("Excel",2,3): Beech ke characters return (xce).
TRIM(" Hello "): Extra spaces hata deta hai.
CONCATENATE("A","B"): Text join karta hai (AB).
CONCAT(A1:A3): Range ke text ko join karta hai.
TEXT(A1,"dd-mm-yyyy"): Date ko format karta hai.
UPPER("hello"): HELLO return karta hai.
LOWER("HELLO"): hello return karta hai.
PROPER("hello world"): Hello World (Proper case).
REPLACE("Excel",2,2,"123"): E123el banata hai.
SUBSTITUTE("12-12-2025","-","/"): 12/12/2025 banata hai.
SEARCH("x","Excel"): Text ki position (2), case-insensitive.
FIND("x","Excel"): Text ki position (2), case-sensitive.

Date & Time


TODAY(): Aaj ki date return karega.
NOW(): Aaj ki date + current time return karega.
DAY(TODAY()): Current day number.
MONTH(TODAY()): Current month number.
YEAR(TODAY()): Current year.
WEEKDAY(TODAY()): Weekday number (1=Sunday).
DATE(2025,10,1): Custom date create karega.
DATEDIF(A1,A2,"d"): 2 dates ke beech difference in days.
EDATE(TODAY(),3): Current date + 3 months.
EOMONTH(TODAY(),0): Current month ka last date.

Logical Functions
IF(A1>50,"Pass","Fail"): Condition check karke output deta hai.
AND(A1>10,B1<20): Dono condition true ho to TRUE.
OR(A1>10,B1<20): Agar ek bhi condition true ho to TRUE.
NOT(A1>10): True ko False aur False ko True banata hai.
IFERROR(A1/B1,"Error"): Error hone par default message show karega.

Lookup & Reference


VLOOKUP(101,A2:D10,2,FALSE): Vertical search karta hai aur value return karta hai.
HLOOKUP(101,A1:H5,3,FALSE): Horizontal search karta hai.
XLOOKUP(101,A2:A10,B2:B10,"Not Found"): Advanced lookup function.
INDEX(A1:C10,2,3): Row 2 aur column 3 ki value.
MATCH(50,A1:A10,0): Value ki position batata hai.
CHOOSE(2,"Red","Green","Blue"): 2nd option return karega (Green).
OFFSET(A1,2,3): A1 se 2 row niche aur 3 column aage ki cell.

Statistical Functions
MIN(A1:A10): Range ka smallest number.
MAX(A1:A10): Range ka largest number.
COUNT(A1:A10): Sirf numbers count karega.
COUNTA(A1:A10): Non-empty cells count karega.
COUNTIF(A1:A10,">50"): Condition ke hisaab se count.
COUNTIFS(A1:A10,">50",B1:B10,"Pass"): Multiple conditions count.
MEDIAN(A1:A10): Middle value of data.
MODE(A1:A10): Most repeated value.
STDEV(A1:A10): Standard deviation.
VAR(A1:A10): Variance.

Financial Functions
PMT(rate,nper,pv): Loan installment calculate karta hai.
FV(rate,nper,pmt): Future value calculate karta hai.
NPV(rate,values): Net Present Value calculate karta hai.
IRR(values): Internal Rate of Return calculate karta hai.

Information Functions
ISNUMBER(A1): TRUE agar cell mein number hai.
ISTEXT(A1): TRUE agar cell mein text hai.
ISERROR(A1): TRUE agar error hai.
ISBLANK(A1): TRUE agar cell khali hai.
TYPE(A1): Cell ka data type return karega.

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