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Adiabatic and Isothermal Processes Explained

The document contains a series of questions related to thermodynamics, specifically focusing on adiabatic and isothermal processes, changes in internal energy, work done by gases, and heat transfer. It includes calculations involving ideal gases, heat absorption, and specific heat capacities for different materials. The questions aim to explore the fundamental principles of thermodynamics and their applications in various scenarios.

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8 views2 pages

Adiabatic and Isothermal Processes Explained

The document contains a series of questions related to thermodynamics, specifically focusing on adiabatic and isothermal processes, changes in internal energy, work done by gases, and heat transfer. It includes calculations involving ideal gases, heat absorption, and specific heat capacities for different materials. The questions aim to explore the fundamental principles of thermodynamics and their applications in various scenarios.

Uploaded by

daria.diaconu.ro
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1)​ Define an adiabatic process. How can we achieve an adiabatic process?

2)​ One mole of a gas sample is compressed to half of its original volume. Is the gas hotter
at the end of an adiabatic or isothermal compression?

3)​ One mole of an ideal gas expands adiabatically, doing 20 J work on the surroundings
during the expansion. What is the change in the internal energy of the gas, if the initial
volume is 0.015 m3?

4)​ What happens to the heat absorbed by a gas during an isothermal process?

5)​ One mole of an ideal gas is adiabatically compressed from 3 lt to 2 lt. During the
compression 300 J of work is done on the gas. What is the change in the internal energy
of the gas?

6)​ An ideal gas sample isothermally expands from 0.3 lt to 0.8 lt. What is the change in the
internal energy of the gas during the process, if its initial temperature is 300K?

7)​ A gas sample absorbs 200 J of heat at constant volume. What is the change in the
internal energy of the gas?

8)​ The temperature of 500 g of aluminum increases from 20 oC to 200 oC. What is the
change in the internal energy of the aluminum? Assume the volume remains constant.
(Take cAl=900 J/kg.C)

9)​
10)​What is the change in the internal energy of 200 g of ice, as it melts at 0 oC. Neglect any
volume change.
(Take Lf=335 000 J/kg)

11)​A 1-kg lead block cools from 20oC to -30oC. What is the change in the internal energy of
the block? (Take cPb=128 J/kg.C)

12)​A gas of 2 moles is compressed to half its volume isothermally. During the process 50 J
heat flows out of the gas.
-​ Find the work done by the gas.
-​ Find the temperature of the gas

13)​A 1.0-mol sample of an ideal gas is kept at 0.0°C during an expansion from 3.0 L to 10.0
L.
(a) How much work is done by the gas during the expansion?

14)​Suppose 1,00 g of water vaporizes isobarically at atmospheric pressure (1,013x105 Pa).


Its volume in the liquid state is Vi=Vliquid=1,00 m3, and its volume in the vapor state is
Vf =Vvapor=1671 m3.
-​ Find the work done in the expansion. Ignore any mixing of the steam and the
surrounding air (imagine that the steam simply pushes the surrounding air out of
the way).

15)​A 1.0-kg bar of copper is heated at atmospheric pressure. If its temperature increases
from 20°C to 50°C,
(a) what is the work done by the copper on the surrounding atmosphere? (cp=385J/kgC)
(b) What quantity of energy is transferred to the copper by heat?
(c) What is the increase in internal energy of the copper?

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