1

ASSIGNMENT
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS
1) A tall cylinder is filled with viscous oil.A round pebble is dropped from the top with zero initial
[Link] the plot shown in figure,indicate the one that represents the velocity(v) of the pebble as a
function of time(t). [Ans:=(c) ]

2) Which of the following diagrams does not represent a streamline flow? [Ans: (d)]

3) An ideal fluid flows through a pipe of circular cross-section made of two sections with diameters
2.5cm and [Link] ratio of the velocities in the two pipes is:

(a) 9: 4 (b) 3: 2 (c) √ 3 : √ 2 (d) √ 2 :√ 3 [Ans: (a)]

2
4)It it takes 5 minutes to fill a 15 litre bucket from a water tap of diameter cm,then the Reynolds
√❑
number for the flow is (density of water =103 kg/m3 and viscosity of water =10-3 Pas) close to:

a) 11,000 b) 550 c)1100 d)5500 [Ans:(d)]

5) If two glass plates have water between them and are separated by very
small distance (see fig.),it is very difficult to pull them [Link] is because the
water in between forms cylindrical surface on the side that gives rise to
lower pressure in the water to comparison to [Link] the radius of

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the cylindrical surface is R and surface tension of water is T,then the pressure in water between the
plates is lower by:

2T 4T T T
a) b) c) d) [Ans: (d)]
R R 4R R

6)A rectangular vessel when full of water ,takes 10 min to be emptied through an orifice in its
[Link] much time will it take to be emptied when half filled with water?

a) 9 min b) 7 min c) 5min d) 3min [Ans: (b)]

7)Two capillaries of lengths L and 2L and of radii R and 2R respectively are connected in series .The net
rate of flow of fluid through them will(Given, rate of the flow through single capillary, X= PR4 /8L) be:

8 9 5 7
a¿ X b) X c) X d) X [Ans:- (a)]
9 8 7 5

8) A sphere of solid material of relative density 9 has a concentric spherical cavity and just sinks in water.
If the radius of sphere be R, then the radius of cavity® will be related to R as :

a) r3 = R
8
9
3
b) )r3 = R
2
3
3
c) )r3 =
√ 8 R3
3
d) r3 =
√ 2 R3 [Ans:- (a)]
3

9)A lead shot of 1mm diameter falls through a long column of [Link] variation of its velocity v
with distance covered (S) is represented by: [Ans:- (a)]

10) A spherical ball is dropped in along column of viscous liquid. Which of the following graphs represent
the variation of:

i) gravitational force with time

ii) viscous force with time

iii) net force acting on the ball with time?

a)Q,R,P b)R,Q,P c)P,Q,R d)R,P,Q [Ans:- (c)]

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11) A liquid is kept in acylindrical vessel which is being rotated about a vertical axis through the centre of
the circular [Link] the radius of the vessel is r and angular velocity of rotation is ,then the difference in
the heights of the liquid at the centre of the vessel and the edge is:
2 2 2
r r ❑ ❑
a) b) c)√ 2 gr d) 2 [Ans: (b)]
2g 2g 2gr

12) Two spherical soap bubbles of radii a and b in vaccum coalesce under isothermal [Link]
resulting bubble has a radius given by:

a+b ab
a) b) c)√ a2 +b 2 d) a + b [Ans: (c) ]
2 a+b

13) With increase in temperature,the viscosity of:

(a) gases decreases b)liquids increases c)gases increases d) liquids decreases

[Ans:c,d]

14) Roofs of the huts are blown up during stormy [Link]?

15) Small insects can move about on the surface of [Link]?

16) Antiseptics have low surface [Link]?

17) Why does the hair of a shaving brush cling together when taking out of water?

18) The clothes are better cleaned with hot water than with cold [Link]?

19) Why is the tip of the nib of a pen split?

20) If a capillary tube is immersed at first in cold water and then in hot water, the height of capillary is
smaller in the second case. Why?

21) Explain why the blood pressure in humans is greater at the feet than at the brain.

22) A 20 cm long capillary tube is dipped in water. The water raises up to [Link] the entire arrangement
is put in a freely falling elevator, what will be the length of water column in the capillary tube?

23) The excess pressure inside a soap bubble is thrice the excess pressure inside a second soap bubble.
What is the ratio between the volume of the first and the second bubble? [Ans: 1:27]

24) Two soap bubbles of different diameters are in contact with a certain portion common to both the
bubles. What will be the shape of the common boundary as seen from inside the smaller bubble?
Support your answer with neat diagram. Give reason for your answer.

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25) What is the pressure inside a drop of mercury of radius 3.00mm of room temperature? Surface
Tension of mercury at that temperature (20oC) is 4.65× 10-1 Nm-1. The atmospheric pressure is 1.01 ×105
Pa. Also give the excess pressure inside the drop. [Ans: 1.013 ×105 Pa ]

26)A big size balloon of mass M is held stationary in air with the help of a small block of mass M/2 tied
to it by a light string such that both float in midair. Describe the motion of the balloon and the block
when the string is cut. Support your answer with calculations.

27)A plane is in level flight at constant speed and each of its two wings has an area of 25 [Link] the speed
of the air is 180 km/h over the lower wing and 234 km/h over the upper wing surface,determine the
plane’s [Link] air density to be 1 kg m-3 and g=9.81ms-2. [Ans:4396 kg]

28)A large open tank has two holes in the [Link] is a square hole of side L at a depth y from the top
and the other is a circular hole of radius R at a depth 4y from the [Link] the tank is completely filled
with water ,the quantities of water flowing out per second from both holes are the [Link],what is
L
the value of R? [Ans: R= ]
√2
29)If a drop of liquid breaks into smaller droplets,it results in lowering of temperature of the
[Link] a drop of radius R,break into N small droplets each of radius [Link] the drop in

temperature. [Ans: [
3T 1 1
−
s R r
] ]
30)Two syringes of different cross-sections(without needles) filled with water are connected with a
tightly fitted rubber tube filled with [Link] of the smaller piston and larger piston are 1.0 cm
and 3.0 cm respectively.(a)Find the force exerted on the larger piston when a force of 10N is applied to
the smaller piston. (b)If the smaller piston is pushed is through 6.0cm,how much does the larger piston
move out? [Ans: 0.67 cm ]

31)A vertical U-tube of uniform inner cross-wsection contains mercury in both of its arms.A
glycerine(density 1.3gcm-3) column of length 10cm is introduced into one of the [Link] of density 0.8
gcm-3 is poured in the other arm until the upper surfaces of the oil and glycerine are in the same
horizontal [Link] the length of the oil column. [Ans: 9.6cm]

32)A metal plate of area 0.10m2 is connected to a 0.01 kg mass via a string that
passes over an ideal pulley( considered massless and frictionless),as shown in
fig.A liquid with a film thickness of 0.3 mm is placed between the plate and the
[Link] released the plate moves to the right with a constant speed of 0.085
[Link] the coefficient of viscosity of the liquid. [Ans:3.45 ×10-3 Pa s ]

33)Eight rain drops of radius 1 mm each falling down with terminal velocity of 5 cm -1 coalesce to form a
bigger [Link] the terminal velocity of the bigger drop. Find the terminal velocity of the bigger drop.

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[Ans:20 cm-1]

34)A sphere is dropped under gravity through a fluid of viscosity .Taking the average acceleration as
half of the initial acceleration, show that the time taken to attain the terminal velocity is independent of
2
4r
the fluid density. [Ans: ]
9❑

35) A fully loaded boeing aircraft 747 has a mass of 3.3 ×105 kg. Its total wing area is 500m2 .It is in level
flight with a speed of 960km/h.(a)Estimate the pressure difference between the lower and upper
surfaces of the wings.(b)Estimate the fractional increase in the speed of the air on the upper surface of
the wing relative to the lower surface. The density of air is =1.2 kg m-3 and g=9.81 ms-2 [Ans: 8%]

36) Water is filled in a cylindrical container to a height of 3m as shown in fig. The ratio of the cross-
sectional area pf the orifice and the beaker is [Link] the speed of the liquid
coming out from the orifice. Given g=10m/s.
[Ans: 7.07 m/s]

37) Calculate the rate of flow of glycerine of density 1.25× 103 kgm-3 through the conical section of the
pipe if the radii of its ends are 0.1m and 0.04m and pressure-drop across its length is 10Nm -2.

38) A mercury drop of radius 1.0 cm is sprayed into 106 droplets of equal size. Calculate the energy
expended. Surface tension of mercury=32 × 10-2Nm-1. [Ans:3.98 × 10-2 J]

39) A liquid drop of diameter 4mm breaks into 1000 droplets of equal size. Calculate the resultant
change in surface energy, the surface tension of the liquid is 0.07 Nm-1. [Ans:3168 × 10-8 J]

40) Two soap bubbles have radii in the ratio 2:[Link] the excess of pressure inside these bubbles.
Also compare the works done in blowing these bubbles. [Ans= 4:9]

41) a)Define streamline.

b) Write any two properties of streamlines.

c) Draw streamlines for clockwise spinning sphere.

d) Derive equation of continuity.

42) What is meant by the term coefficient of viscosity? State stoker’s law. Define terminal velocity and
find an expression for the terminal velocity in case of a sphere falling through a viscous liquid such as
glycerine.

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43)A liquid is in a streamline flow through a pipe of non-uniform cross-section such that the sum of its
kinetic energy, potential energy and pressure energy per unit volume remains constant. Name the
theorem and prove it and write its two applications.

44) a)State Bernoulli’s equation.

b) Name the physical quantity corresponding to each term of this equation.

(c)What type of liquid flow obeys this equation?

d) Show that this equation is same as the equation due to Pascal’s law in the presence of gravity if a
liquid or gas is at rest.

45)a)How do the insects run on the surface of water?

b) Derive an expression for excess pressure inside a soap bubble.

c) Define the term surface energy. Write down its dimensional formula and units.

46) a)What is the phenomenon of capillarity? Derive an expression for rise of liquid in a capillary tube.

b) What will happen if the length of the capillary tube is smaller than the height to which the liquid
rises? Explain briefly.

47) a)State Pascal’s law of fluid pressure with a suitable diagram, explain how is Pascal’s law applied n a
hydraulic lift?

b)As shown in the fig, water flows from P to Q. Explain why is height h1 of column AB of water greater
than height h2 of column CD of water

B
h1 D
A h2
C
P Q
R S

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2
1) If pressure at half the depth of a lake is equal to 3 pressure at the bottom of the lake then what is the
depth of the lake
a) 10 m b) 20 m c) 60 m
Ans.- b

g
2) An open vessel containing water is given a constant acceleration √3 in the horizontal direction. Then
the free surface of water gets sloped with the horizontal at an angle given by
a) 30° b) 45° c) 60°
Ans.- a

3) A U-Tube is partially filled with water. Oil, which does not mix with water, is next poured into one
side until water rises on the other side by 25 cm. If the density of oil is 0.8, the oil level will stand
higher than the water level by
a) 6.25 cm b) 12.50 cm c) 31.75 cm
Ans.- b

4) When a large bubble rises from the bottom of a lake to the surface. Its radius doubles. If atmospheric
pressure is equal to that of column of water height H, then the depth of lake is
a) H b) 2H c) 7H
Ans.- c

5) A square plate of 0.1 m side moves parallel to a second plate with a velocity of 0.1 ms –1, both plates
being immersed in water. If the viscous force is 0.002 N and the coefficient of viscosity is 0.01 poise,
distance between the plates in metre is
a) 0.1 b) 0.05 c) 0.005
Ans.-d

6) Which one of the following curves shows correctly the variation of velocity v with time t for a small
spherical body falling vertically in a long column of viscous liquid?

a) b) c)
Ans.-d

7) A small spherical ball is dropped from some height into a viscous liquid of density smaller than that of
the material of the ball. The variation of the acceleration of the ball inside the liquid is described by
a a

a) b)

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a a

c) d)
Ans.-c

8) The diagram shows a cup of tea seen from above. The tea has been stirred and is now rotating without
turbulence. A graph showing the speed v with which the liquid is crossing points at a distance x from
O along the radius would look like

a) b)

c) d)
Ans.-d

9) Two drops of equal size are falling through air with a constant speed of 10 cmm –1. If the drops
coalesce, the new constant speed will be
10 √ 2 cms−1
1
a) 20 cms–1 b) 3−1
c) 10×2 cms
Ans.-d

10) A copper ball of radius r is moving with a uniform velocity v in the mustard oil and the dragging force
acting on the ball is F. The dragging force on the copper ball of radius 2r with uniform velocity 2v in
the mustard oil is
a) F b) c) 4F d)
2 8

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Ans.-c

11) Water flows through a frictionless duct with a cross-section varying as shown in figure. Pressure p at
points along the axis is represented by

a) b)

c) d)

Ans.-b

12) A small sphere is dropped into a medium of infinite extent. As the sphere falls, the net force acting on it
a) Remains constant throughout
b) Decreases for same time and then becomes constant
c) Increases for same time and then becomes constant
d) Decreases for same time and then becomes zero
Ans.-d

13) Rain drops fall from a height under gravity. We observe that
a) Their velocities go on increasing until they hit the ground, but the velocity with which a drop hits
the ground depends on the radius of the drop.
b) Their velocities go on increasing until they hit the ground, the velocity being independent of the
radius of the drop.
c) They fall with a constant velocity which is independent of the radius of the drop.
d) They fall with a constant velocity which depends on the radius of the drop.
Ans.-d

14) A liquid flows in a tube from left to right as shown in Figure. A 1 and A2 are the cross-sections of the
v1
portions of the tube as shown. Then the ratio of speeds v 2 will be

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A1 b)
A2
√ A2 √ A1
a) A 2 A1 c) √ A1 d) √ A2
Ans.-b

15) Brnoulli’s Theorem is based on Law of Conservation of

a) b) Momentum c) Energy d) All of the above
Ma

Ans.-c

16) Ehen a fluid passes through the constricted part of a pipe, its
a) Velocity and pressure decrease b) Velocity and
pressure increase
d) Velocity increases
c) Velocity decreases and pressure increases and pressure
decreases
Ans.-d

17) Two light balls are suspended as shown in Figure. Then a stream of air passes through the space
between them, the distance between the balls will

a) Increase b) Decrease
c) Remain the same d) May increase of decrease depending on the speed of air
Ans.-b

18) A large open tank has two holes in the wall. One is a square hole of side L at a depth y from the top and
the other is a circular hole of radius R at a depth 4y from the top. When the tank is completely filled
with water the quantities of water flowing out per second from both the holes are the same. Then R is
equal to
L L
a) 2  L c) L
b) √2 π d) 2 π
Ans.-b

19) If the work done blowing a bubble of volume V is W, then the work done in blowing a bubble of
volume 2V will be
a) b) 2W c) (4)1/3 d) (2)1/3 W
W W
Ans.-c

20) The energy required to split a liquid drop, having surface tension T and radius R, into n identical drops
is

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a) 8R2(n1/3 – 1)T b) 4R2(n1/3 – 1)T

c) 8R2(n2/3 – 1)T d) 8R2(n1/3 + 1)T
Ans.-b

21) A capillary tube of radius r is immersed in water and water rises in it to a height H. Mass of water in
the capillary tube is m. If the capillary of radius 2r is taken and dipped in water, the mass of water that
will rise in the capillary tube will be
d)
m
a) M b) 2m 4
c) 2
Ans.-b

22) Two spherical soap bubbles of radii r1 and r2 in vacuum coalesce under isothermal conditions. The
resulting bubble has a radius equal to
a) r 1 r2 d)
r 1 +r 2
r 1 +r 2 c)
r 1 r√2
√
r 21 + r 22
2 b)
Ans.-d

23) A capillary tube when immersed vertically in liquid records a rise of 3 cm. If the tube is immersed in
the liquid at an angle of 60°with the vertical. The length of the liquid column along the tube is
a) 9 d) 2
b) 6 cm c) 3 cm
cm
Ans.-b

24) If a water drop is kept between two glass plates, then its shape is
a) b) c)
d) None
of
these

Ans.-c

25) A thread is tied slightly loose to a wire frame as in figure and the frame is dipped into a soap solution
and taken out. The frame is completely covered with the film. When the portion A punctured with a
pin, the thread.

a) Becomes concave toward A b) Becomes convex towards A

d) Either (A) or (B) depending
c) Remains in the initial position
on the size of A w.r.t. B
Ans.-b

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26) Water rises to a height h in a capillary at the surface of earth. On the surface of the moon the height of
water column in the same capillary will be
a) 6 h d) Zer
c) h
h b) 6 o
Ans.-a

27) The correct curve between the height or depression h of liquid in a capillary tube and its radius is

b)
a)

c) d)
Ans.-b

28) A liquid drop of diameter D breaks upto into 27 small drops of equal size. If the surface tension of the
liquid is , then change in surface energy is
a) D2 d) 4D2
b) 2D2 c) 3D2
 
Ans.-b

29) A cylindrical vessel of 90 cm height is kept filled upto the brim. It has four holes 1, 2, 3, 4 which are
respectively at heights of 20 cm, 30 cm, 45 cm and 50 cm from the horizontal floor PQ. The water
falling at the maximum horizontal distance from the vessel comes from

a) Hole number 4 b) Hole number 3

c) Hole number 2 d) Hole number 1
Ans.-b

30) A rectangular vessel when full of water takes 10 minutes to be emptied through an orifice in its bottom.
How much time will it take to be emptied when half filled with water
a) 9 minute b) 7 minute c) 5 minute d) 3 minute
Ans.-b

31) A uniformly tapering vessel is filled with a liquid of density 900 kgm –3. The force that acts on the base

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of the vessel due to the liquid is (g = 10 ms–2)

a) 3.6 N b) 7.2 N c) 9.0 N d) 14.4 N

Ans.-b

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