NAME OF PROGRAMME: MCA

SEMESTER / YEAR: II / I (2023-24)

SUBJECT NAME (SUBJECT CODE):

DISTRIBUTED DATABASE SYSTEM (KCA 045)

SECTION-A (Very Short Answer Type Questions)

(Blooms levels L1 : Remember, L2 : Understand, L3 : Apply, L4 : Analyze, L5 : Evaluate, L6: Create)
UNIT-I
S. Question COURSE Blooms
No. OUTCOMES Level
a) What is a primary key? CO1 L1
b) Briefly explain distributed data processing. CO1 L2
c) What is a multi-valued attribute? Give examples. CO1 L3
d) Explain distributed database system. CO1 L3
e) What is a Database system? CO1 L3
f) What do you understand by data abstraction? CO1 L2
g) Define Relationship. CO1 L2
h) List the names of relational database languages. CO1 L2
i) What do you understand by Structural constraints? CO1 L2
j) Describe overview of relational DBMS. CO1 L1
UNIT-II
[Link]. Question COURSE Blooms
OUTCOMES Level
a) Explain the term query processing. CO2 L2
b) Explain distributed database design steps CO2 L3
c) What is Denormalization? CO2 L3
d) What is Primary Key? Explain some desirable Primary Key CO2 L3
characteristics.
e) Explain properties of transaction management. CO2 L2
f) Explain fragmentation. CO2 L2
g) Draw distributed database management system CO2 L3
architecture.
h) Write down the problem areas of distributed data base CO2 L3
system
i) Explain horizontal fragmentation. CO2 L2
j) Explain horizontal allocation method. CO2 L2
UNIT-III
[Link]. Question COURSE Blooms
OUTCOMES Level
a) What do you mean by rollback? CO3 L2
b) What is the difference between WHERE and Having CO3 L4
Clause?
c) Explain query processing with examples. CO3 L2
d) Write the objectives of query processing. CO3 L1
e) What are views? How they are created? CO3 L3
f) Explain the various Data control Language commands CO3 L3
used in SQL.
g) What are NULL Values in SQL? CO3 L2
h) Explain DDL commands with examples CO3 L2
i) Explain query decomposition. CO3 L2
j) Explain the TCL commands used in SQL. CO3 L2
UNIT-IV
S. Question COURSE Blooms
No. OUTCOMES Level
a) What is redundancy? What are the problems caused by the CO4 L1
redundancy?
b) Write about problems related to decomposition. CO4 L1
c) Explain serializability in transaction management CO4 L1
d) What are the steps in query optimization. CO4 L2
e) Explain buffer management in concurrency control system CO4 L2
f) What are the states of transaction? CO4 L3
g) Write distributed query optimization algorithms. CO4 L1
h) What is Deadlock? CO4 L2
i) Write centralized query optimizations. CO4 L1
j) What do you understand by the Atomicity property of CO4 L3
Transaction?
UNIT-V
[Link]. Question COURSE Blooms
OUTCOMES Level
a) Briefly explain transaction management. CO5 L2
b) Write down the Object-oriented database advantages. CO5 L2
c) Define Authorization and Authentication. CO5 L1
d) What do you understand by recovery concept in database? CO5 L3
e) What are transaction logs? CO5 L1
f) Explain serializability with examples. CO5 L2
g) What do we mean by Backup of database? CO5 L2
h) Define Checkpoint. CO5 L3
i) Define ORDBMS. CO5 L2
j) Explain deadlock with all its properties. CO5 L2

SECTION-B (Short Answer Type Questions)

UNIT-I
S. Question COURSE Bloom’s
No. OUTCOMES Level
a) What is the role of Database Administrator? CO1 L1
b) Describe overview of relational DBMS. CO1 L1
c) Write the objectives of query processing. CO1 L3
d) Define foreign key? How does it play a role in the join CO1 L3
operation?
e) List various users of DBMS and specify the roles? CO1 L3
f) Explain Normalization. CO1 L2
g) Explain role of inheritance in object modeling. CO1 L1
h) Define the distributed design issues in DDBS. CO1 L2
i) Explain the various relationship types. CO1 L2
j) Explain the disadvantages of RDBMS system. CO1 L3

UNIT-II
S. Question COURSE Bloom’s
No. OUTCOMES Level
a) What are anomalies? Explain each of them. CO2 L3
b) Define localization of distributed data. CO2 L2
c) Explain Relational data model. CO2 L1
d) Define Query Optimization techniques. CO2 L3
e) What is the need of the normalization? Explain the first CO2 L2
three steps involved in the normalization.
f) Explain Referential Integrity constraint with example. CO2 L1
g) List and explain the layers of query processing. CO2 L2
h) Explain allocation methods. CO2 L4
i) Explain Query processing and Decomposition. CO2 L3
j) Define centralized query processing CO2 L2
UNIT-III
S. Question. COURSE Bloom’s
No. OUTCOMES Level
a) Explain SQL and all the Database Languages. CO3 L3
b) Define the deadlock management. CO3 L3
c) Explain query processing and decomposition. CO3 L2
d) Explain the Advantages of SQL CO3 L3
e) Explain Indexes and uses of Indexes. CO3 L4
f) Explain the various advantages of creating Views. CO3 L2
g) List and Explain the ACID properties. CO3 L3
h) Explain the difference between DELETE and TRUNCATE CO3 L3
Command used in SQL.
i) Explain Data types used in SQL. CO3 L3
j) Explain the concurrency control mechanism. CO3 L2
UNIT-IV
[Link]. Question COURSE Bloom’s
OUTCOMES Level
a) How Share and exclusive locks differ? Explain. CO4 L2
b) Discuss the concurrency control mechanism in detail using CO4 L3
suitable example.
c) What are the ACID properties of a transaction? CO4 L1
d) What is a timestamp? State its advantages. CO4 L2
e) Write a short note Transaction. What are the properties of CO4 L3
transaction?
f) What are the benefits of concurrency? CO4 L2
g) Explain the work of Lock manager and Lock table in CO4
Locking based protocol.
h) Explain the techniques how Timestamp are generated in CO4 L2
system.
i) Explain the parallel database system architecture. CO4 L2
j) What are non Serializable schedules. Explain. CO4 L3

UNIT-V
S. Question COURSE Bloom’s
No. OUTCOMES Level
a) What is a system log? What is the purpose of the system CO5 L2
log in system recovery?
b) Discuss about the object oriented distributed model. CO5 L2
c) Define the object-oriented distributed programming CO5 L3
concepts.
d) Explain about hashing? CO5 L3
e) Explain about Search and persistent programming CO5 L2
languages?

f) What is the Difference between the Hot and Cold Backup CO5 L3
g) Explain the inheritance used in object-oriented data model. CO5 L2
h) Explain Shadow Paging technique of recovery. CO5 L2
i) Explain Immediate and Deferred techniques of database CO5 L3
update.
j) Explain REDO and UNDO operations in database. CO5 L2

SECTION-C [Descriptive Answer Type Questions]

UNIT-I
S. Question COURSE Bloom’s
No. OUTCOMES Level
a) Explain the three schemas Architecture with suitable CO1 L3
diagram.
b) Describe the horizontal and vertical fragmentation in detail. CO1 L3
c) Disadvantage of File Processing System? Advantages of CO1 L3
DBMS over File System?
d) What is database? What is DBMS? Its functions and CO1 L2
applications.
e) Differentiate between specialization and Generalization CO1 L3
with an example

f) Explain the framework for distributed database design. CO1 L3

g) Explain the characteristics of using Database approach. CO1 L2
h) Explain the advantages of distributed DBMS over the CO1 L3
centralized DBMS.
i) Explain data replication with its three strategies. CO1 L3
j) Explain the various type of Mapping cardinalities. CO1 L3
UNIT-II
S. Question COURSE Bloom’s
No. OUTCOMES Level
a) Explain the codd’s rules for relational database design. CO2 L3
b) What is mean by Relational Algebra? List out the relational CO2 L2
Algebra operation with its example.
c) Define the time-stamped and optimistic concurrency CO2 L3
control.
d) Draw E-R diagram for banking enterprise. CO2 L2
e) Explain about schema refinement in database design. CO2 L2
f) What is Loss Less Decomposition in DBMS? CO2 L2
g) What are the Characteristics of Ideal Decomposition? CO2 L2
h) Explain the various Anomalies that are found in Database. CO2 L2
i) Explain various SET Relational Algebra operations. CO2 L3
j) Decomposition should be Dependency Preserving CO2 L3
Decomposition. Explain.
UNIT-III
[Link]. Question COURSE Bloom’s
OUTCOMES Level
a) What is a Join? Discuss about various joins used in SQL CO3 L1
b) Explain in Detail about Sub queries and Correlated queries. CO3 L2
c) Explain Order by, Group by and Having Clauses with CO3 L2
 example.
d) Explain various Data types used in SQL. CO3 L3
e) Explain DCL commands. What are Views in SQL? Give an CO3 L3
example
f) Explain the Difference between Atomicity and consistency CO3 L2
in transaction with Example.
g) Explain Nested Queries with Example used in SQL. CO3 L2
h) Explain Isolation and Durability in ACID properties with real CO3 L3
world situation example.
i) Explain with example the difference between query CO3 L3
optimization and centralized query optimization.
j) Give an overview of working of Oracle database. Explain CO3 L3
the main process involved in smooth functioning of
database.
UNIT-IV
S. Question COURSE Bloom’s
No. OUTCOMES Level
a) Describe Transaction Management with its state diagram CO4 L1
and properties.
b) Discuss in detail about the Components of an Object- CO4 L1
Oriented Data Model.
c) Explain concurrency control with lock-based protocols. CO4 L2
d) Define BCNF. How does BCNF differ from 3NF? Explain CO4 L2
with example.
e) What is the OODM in DBMS? CO4 L3
f) Explain Two Phase Locking Protocol. Do Two phase CO4 L3
locking protocol avoids the problem of Deadlocks.
g) Explain in Detail the working of Basic timestamp ordering CO4 L2
protocol.
h) Explain the various problems that occur due to CO4 L3
concurrency.
i) What are Recoverable and Non recoverable Schedules. CO4 L3
j) Explain the various problems that may occur when many CO4 L3
transactions execute simultaneously in the system.

UNIT-V
[Link]. Question COURSE Bloom’s
OUTCOMES Level
a) Explain the purpose of checkpoint mechanism. How often CO5 L3
should checkpoints be performed
b) Explain shadow paging recovery scheme in detail. CO5 L2
c) Describe the properties of OODM in DBMS? CO5 L2

d) Explain the fundamental objectives of distributed object CO5 L2

database management.

e) Explain the various types of failures that may occur in CO5 L3

 Database.

f) Explain the various recovery techniques used in Database. CO5 L3

g) Explain the difference between OODBMS and ORDBMS. CO5 L2
h) Explain parallel database system and its architecture. CO5 L3
i) Define and explain view serializability with Example. CO5 L2
j) Explain and show the incorrect summary problem with CO5 L3
example.