Model Test -4

Land and Water Management Engineering

MM: 100 Q. Nos.: 100

1. A 4-hour rainfall in a catchment of 250 km 2 produces rainfall depths of 6.2 cm and

5.0 cm in successive 2-hour unit periods. Assuming the phi index of the soil to be 1.2
cm/hour, the runoff volume in ham will be:
(a). 16 (b). 22
(c). 1600 (d). 2200
2. Consider the following statements regarding confined aquifers
1. The aquifer is bound at top and below by impervious strata
2. The pressure of water is greater than atmospheric pressure
3. A tubewell sink in such an aquifer starts flowing always by itself
4. The aquifer is fully saturated.
(a). 1, 2 and 3 are correct (b). 2, 3 and 4 are correct
(c). l, 2 and 4 are correct (d). l, 3 and 4 are correct
3. If one wants to be 90% sure that the design flood in a dam project will not occur
during the design life period of 100 years, the recurrence interval for such a flood
would be
(a). about 90 years (b). roughly 1000 years
(c). equal to 100 years (d). about 110 years
4. For the estimation of a flood with a return period of T years by Gumbel' s
method, which of the following sets of data regarding the annual flood series would
be
required
(a). Mean and Standard deviation (SD) of (b). Mean flood flow, SD of the flood
the flood flow series flow series, and the Length of record
(c). SD of the flood flow series and (d). Mean, SD, and coefficient of skew
Length of record of the flood flow series
5. A channel designed by Lacey's theory has a mean velocity of one mis. The silt factor
is unity. The hydraulic mean radius will be
(a). 2.5 m (b). 2 m
(c). 1 m (d). 0.5 m
6. The percentage standard error of precipitation averages is often expressed
functionally or graphically in terms of (i) precipitation gauge network density
expressed
as area per gauge; and (ii) total area of catchment. The percentage standard error
(a). increases with area per gauge as (b). decreases with area per gauge as
well as with total area well as with total area
(c). increases with area per gauge but (d). decreases with area per gauge but
decreases with total area increases with total area
7. Depth-Area-Duration curves of precipitation are drawn as

(a). Minimising envelopes through the (b). Maximising envelopes through the
appropriate data points appropriate data points
(c). best fit mean curves through the (d). best fit mean straight lines through
appropriate data points the appropriate data points
8. The following four hydrological features have to be estimated or taken as
inputs before one can compute the flood hydrograph at any catchment outlet.
1. Unit hydrograph 2. Rainfall hydrograph
3. Infiltration index 4. Base flow.
The correct order in which they have to be employed in the computations is
 (a). 1, 2, 3, 4 (b). 1, 2, 3, 4
(c). 2, 3, 1, 4 (d). 4, 3, 2, 1
9. The construction of impounding reservoir is required when

(a). average annual flow in the stream is (b). the rate of flow in the stream in dry
lower than average demand season is more than the demand
(c). the rate of flow in the stream in dry (d). the rate of flow in the stream is equal
season is less than the demand to the demand
10. A channel of bed slope 0.0009 carries a discharge of 30 m3 Is when the depth
of flow is 1.0 m. What is the discharge carried by an exactly similar channel at the
same
depth of flow if the slope is increased to 0.0001?
(a). 10 m3/s (b). 15 m3/s
3
(c). 60 m /s (d). 90 m3/s
11. At a hydraulic jump, the depths at the two sides are 1 m and 3 m. The
head loss in the jump is nearly
(a). 0.67 m (b). 0.33 m
(c). 5.33 m (d). 2 m
12. Probability of a 10 year flood to occur at least once in the next 4 years is
(a). 25 % (b). 35 %
(c). 50 % (d). 65 %
13. The standard Project flood is
(a). derived from the probable maximum (b). derived from the severemost
precipitation in the region meteorological conditions anywhere in
the country.
(c). the flood with return period of 100 (d). the same as the probable maximum
years flood
14. For soil whose average grain size is 0.16 mm, Lacey's silt factor is
likely to be
(a). 0.30 (b). 0.45
(c). 0.70 (d). 1.32
15. The spacing of tile drains· to relieve water-logged land is directly proportional to the
(a). depth of drain below the ground (b). depth of impervious strata from the
surface drain
(c). depth of drain below the water level (d). coefficient of permeability of the
soil to be drained
16. The trap efficiency of a reservoir is a function of
(a). inflow in the reservoir (b). ratio of inflow to storage capacity
(c). ratio of reservoir capacity to inflow (d). reservoir capacity.
17. A 3-hour storm on a small drainage basin produced rainfall intensities of 3.5 cm/hr,
4.2 cm/hr and 2.9 cm/hr in successive hours. If the surface runoff due to storm is 3
cm, then the value of -index will be :
(a). 2.212 cm/hr (b). 2.331 cm/hr
(c). 2.412 cm/hr (d). 2.533 cm/hr
18. The Lacey's silt factor for a particular alluvium is 2.0. This alluvium would comprise:
(a). medium sand of size 0.5 mm (b). coarse sand of size 0.75 mm
(c). medium bajri of size 1.3 mm (d). coarse bajri of size 2.4 mm
19. 10 m3 /s of water is diverted to a 32-hectare field for 4 hours. Soil proving · after
irrigation showed that 0.3 m of water has been stored in the root zone. Water
application efficiency in this case would be
(a). 71% (b). 66.67%
(c). 68.67% (d). 60%
20. A 6-hour rainstorm with hourly intensities of 7, 18, 25, 17, 11 and 3 mm/hour
 produced a run off of 39 mm. Then, the phi index is
(a). 3 mm/hour (b). 7 mm/hour
(c). 8 mm/hour (d). 10 mm/hour
21 The slope area method is extensively used inStatement (I): Time to peak and time
base of hydrograph will be reduced.
Statement (II): Peak flow will increase.
(a). estimation of flood discharge based (b). estimation of flood discharge
on low water marks based on high water marks
(c). cases where shifting control exists (d). cases where back-water effect is
present
22 In Snyder's method of synthetic unit hydrograph development, basin lag is taken as
(a). the time interval between centroid of (b). the time interval from mid-point
the rainfall excess and surface runoff of the unit rainfall excess to the peak
of the unit hydrograph
(c). independent of rainfall duration (d). independent of catchment
characteristics
23 The Standard Symon's Type Rain Gauge has a collecting a diameter
(a). 10 cm (b). 12.7 cm
(c). 5.08 cm (d). 25.4 cm
24 _A groyne pointing upstream in a river is known as
(a). attracting groyne (b). repelling groyne
(c). fending groyne (d). Denehy's grone
25 A steady groundwater flow condition exists when
(a). The water levels in the wells cease (b). The water levels in the wells decline
to decline
(c). The water levels drop as the pumping (d). The water levels respond to changes
is continued in atmospheric pressure or tides
26 A 20% ground cover with mulch can reduce the soil erosion upto
(a). 10% (b). 20%
(c). 30% (d). 40%
27 Intermittent application of water to field surface under gravity flow which results in a
series of 'ON' and 'OFF cycles of constant or variable time spans is called
(a). Drip Irrigation (b). Automated drip irrigation
(c). Cable irrigation (d). Surge Irrigation
28 Relief of a watershed has the unit of
(a). m2 (b). m
(c). dimensionless (d). m3
29 Water enters through bottom only in case of
(a). filter points (b). driven wells
(c). dugged wells (d). cavity wells
30 D’ Anubussion efficiency ratio is related to
(a). centrifugal pump (b). propeller pump
(c). hydraulic ram (d). turbine pump
31 Number of inflexion points in flood hydrograph
(a). 0 (b). 1
(c). 2 (d). 3
32 A stream which does not have any base flow contribution is
(a). Intermittent stream (b). ephermeral stream
(c). natural stream (d). perennial stream
33 The area lost due to side and lateral bunds is usually take approximately ….of the
main bund
(a). 10% (b). 20%
 (c). 15% (d). 30%
34 The order of erosion with reference to the hill slope configurations
(a). Convex>Complex>Concave (b). Concave>Convex>Complex
(c). Concave>Complex>Convex (d). Convex>Concave>Complex
35 Manning's formula is used to determine flow velocity in which type of flow
(a). Rapidly varied flow (b). Non-uniform flow
(c). Uniform flow (d). Critical flow
36 At critical state of flow, the kinetic energy of flow is equal to
(a). One fourth of its potential energy (b). One half of its potential energy
(c). One third of its potential energy (d). One fifth of its potential energy
37 At critical flow condition, the section factor (Zc) can be expressed as:-
(a). Q2/ √ g (b). Q/ √ g
(c). Q/g (d). Q.g
38 The hand pump used in houses is a type of pump
(a). Submersible pump (b). Reciprocating pump
(c). Centrifugal pump (d). Jet pump
39 Reciprocating pumps are found to be best suited for
(a). Low discharge and high heads (b). High discharge and high heads
(c). Low discharge and low heads (d). High discharge and low heads
40 Propeller pumps are used for
(a). Low head and low discharge (b). High head and low discharge
(c). Low head and high discharge (d). High head and high discharge
41 In centrifugal pumps, the number of vanes made in impeller varies from
(a). 3 to 12 (b). 5 to 12
(c). 10 to 12 (d). 7 to 12
42 The vertical height to which the liquid can be raised by the pump above center line of
pump
is called
(a). Suction head (b). Total head
(c). Discharge head (d). Total differential head
43 For maximum discharge in a circular channel the depth of flow should be equal to
(a). 0.70 times diameter (b). 0.95 times diameter
(c). 0.82 times diameter (d). 1.15 times diameter
44 The permissible depth of earthwork under land levelling work is about
(a). ± 3 cm (b). ± 6 cm
(c). ± 10 cm (d). ± 4.5 cm
45. Power requirement of a centrifugal pump will become maximum, when increasing
(a). Diameter only (b). Speed of pump only
(c). Diameter and speed both (d). None of the above
46 The filter used in Drip irrigation systems to remove suspended substances with
specific gravity greater than 1.2 is
(a). Media filter (b). Screen filter
(c). Disc filter (d). Hydro cyclone filter
47. The accessory used to relieve pressure in the tile drain line is
(a). Junction box (b). French drains
(c). Relief wells and Breathers (d). Blind inlets
48 The drilling method best adapted for drilling deep holes in unconsolidated Alluvial
formations is
(a). cable tool percussion drilling (b). Air rotary drilling
(c). Down the hole drilling (d). Rotary drilling
49 The rate of sheet erosion (t/ha/yr) in black soils is
(a). 4 to 10 (b). 17 to 43
(c). 4 to 15 (d). 33 to 50
50 Contour ditching is popularly practiced in deep black soil regions in
(a). Arunachal Pradesh (b). Uttar Pradesh
(c). Karnataka (d). Bihar
How many critical stages are associated with the runoff cycle
51 (a). 2 (b). 3
(c). 4 (d). 5
A higher drainage density means
52 (a). less time to peak (b). more time to peak
(c). less discharge (d). more discharge
If the CN value for a typical land use system is 40 for AMC-II condition, what this
would be corresponding to AMC-III condition:
53
(a). 60 (b). 70
(c). 35 (d). 25
The CN value for an impervious surface is
54. (a). 0 (b). 50
(c). 100 (d). 75
Cross drainage work, where the bed levels of canal and drain are equal is called
55 (a). aqueduct (b). super passage
(c). level crossing (d). siphon aqueduct
56 Canals meant for the purpose of draining off water from water-logged areas
are called:
(a). seepage canals (b). laterals
(c). drains (d). water courses
57 The graphical representation of stream discharge against percentage of time the flow
is equalled or exceeded is called as
(a). Hydrograph (b). Flow mass curve
(c). Flow duration curve (d). Double mass curve
A triangular direct runoff hydrograph due to a storm over watershed has peak flow of
20 cumec occurring at 10 hours from beginning of storm. The time base is 40 hours.
If the area of watershed is 72 [Link]., what will be the effective rainfall from the
58
watershed.
(a). 4 cm (b). 2 mm
(c). 0.04 cm (d). 2 cm
59 Which of the following software is not used for GIS application software?
(a). GRASS (b). IDRISI
(c). ILWIS (d). BETILGI
60 In a Geographical data models, forest, desert, floodplain can be represented by
(a). Points (b). Lines
(c). Polygons (d). All of the above
The velocity of flow at the toe in Chute Spilway design is given by
61 (a). 2g(H-hf) (b). sq. root of (2g(H+hf))
(c). 2g(H+hf) (d). sq. root of (2g(H-hf))
The actual velocity (Va) at which water is moving through an aquifer is related to the
Apparent / Seepage velocity given by Darcys law, by the expression
62
(a). v/n (b). n/v
(c). vxn (d). v/e
The gravity dam of base width ‘b’ the maximum permissible value of eccentricity ‘e’
to be safeguard against tension is
63
(a). b/5 (b). b/4
(c). b/6 (d). b/3
64 The dimension of intrinsic permeability is
(a). M0L2T-1 (b). M0L2T0
0 1 -1
(c). M L T (d). M0L2T1
65 Pressure plate apparatus is used for measurement of soil moisture tension upto
(a). 5 bars (b). 10 bars
(c). 15 bars (d). 30 bars
Type of flow into a tile drain is
66 (a). Horizontal (b). Vertically upward
(c). Vertically downward (d). Radial flow
While constructing wells generally the bottom one third portion of aquifers is
provided with well screen is
(a). Tube well-constructed in gravity (b). Dug well-constructed in confined
67
aquifer aquifer
(c). Tube well-constructed in multi (d). Tube well-constructed in
aquifer homogeneous unconfined aquifer
68 In a deflecting spur, the angle between the axis of the spur and the bank on the
upstream side is
(a). acute (b). obtuse
(c). same as on the downstream side (d). one of these
69 A coffer dam is
(a). kind of gravity dam (b). an earthen dam of small height built
to protect important areas
(c). a temporary structure constructed (d). an embankment built along a river to
to exclude water from the work area regulate the river
during construction
70 Permanent wilting point is
(a). a soil characteristic (b). a soil characteristic modified by the
crop
(c). a characteristic of the plant (d). dependent on soil water plant
fertiliser interaction
71 The chemical dilution method of stream gauging is ideally suited for measuring
discharges in
(a). a large alluvial river (b). steady flow in a small turbulent
stream
(c). a stretch of a [Link] heavy- (d). a tidal estuary
pollution
72 A groyne pointing upstream in ~ river is known as
(a). attracting groyne (b). fending groyne
(c). repelling groyne (d). Denehy's gron
73 Irrigation water having an SAR value of 30 is called as
(a). very high sodium water (b). high sodium water
(c). medium sodium water (d). low sodium water
74 A land is known as waterlogged when
(a). the pH of soil reaches a value of 8.5 (b). the soil in the root zone has high
salinity
(c). the soil pores in the root are (d). there is water flowing on the surface
saturated with water of the land
75 If average particle size of silt in millimetres is m, then. Lacey's sil.t factor (j) is
proportional to
(a). m2 (b). m0.33
(c). m0.5 (d). m4
76 The use of rational formula for estimating floods is limited to catchmc:.is of sizes less
than
(a). 5000 km2 (b). 500 km2
(c). 50 km2 (d). 50 hectares
77 Cold front precipitation is
 (a). very intense and of short duration (b). very intense and of considerable
duration
(c) light and of short duration (d). Showery and of considerable
duration
78 ) The term base flow denotes delayed flow reaching a stream from
(a). groundwater only (b). ground water and snow melt
(c). groundwater, snow melt and (d). groundwater and inter flow
interflow.
79 Increase in tile duration of the unit hydrograph causes an increase in the
(a). peak discharge (b). total volume
(c). equilibrium discharge (d). time base
80 The volume of water stored between normal reservoir level and the maximum
reservoir level is known as
(a). live storage (b). surcharge storage
(c). valley storage (d). bank storage
81 Other factors remaining same, the open water evaporati0n rate increases as
(a). sunshine hours increase (b). altitude decreases
(c). barometric pressure increases (d). salt content of water decreases
82 An inundation irrigation system requires the construction of
(a). only a diversion structure (b). only a canal regulator
(c). either a diversion-structure nor a (d). both a diversion structure and a
canal regulator canal regulator
83 The upstream face of an earth dam is
(a). an equipotential line (b). a phreatic line
(c). a streamline (d). a streak line
84 Lacey's theory is applicable to flow
(a). Through pipes (b). Over spillways
(c). In alluvial rivers and canals (d). In concrete lined channels
85 The time base of a hydrograph increases with
(a). Increase in intensity of the storm (b). Decrease in duration of the storm
(c). Increase in time of concentration (d). Decrease in infiltration capacity of
the storm
86 Effective precipitation is defined as
(a). Precipitation minus the loss due to (b). Precipitation minus the loss due to
evaporation infiltration
(c). Precipitation occurred during the (d). available water stored within the root
crop period zone
87 Irrigation canals are generally aligned along
(a). ridge line (b). contour line
(c). valley line (d). straight line
88 An outlet maintaining a constant discharge, irrespective of fluctuation in water levels
of supplying canal and water course, is known as
(a). non-modular outlet (b). semi-modular outlet
(c). flexible modular outlet (d). rigid modular outlet
89 According to Ryve's formula for estimating floods, the peak discharge is · -
proportional to
(a). A (b). A3/4
2/3
(c). A (d). A1/2
90 Levees are constructed
(a). parallel to river flow (b). transverse to the river flow
(c). perpendicular to the river flow (d). all the above
91 The probable maximum flood is
(a). an impossibly large flood discharge (b). a flood discharge that is maximum
 over the past years.
(c). an extremely large but physically (d). a flood with maximum probability of
possible flood at the site occurrence
92 For conveying the same discharge, a lined canal can have a bed slope
(a). steeper than an unlined canal (b). milder than an unlined canal
(c). same as an unlined canal (d). none of the above
93 Enveloping curve is a method to
(a). estimate interception (b). route the flood through reservoir
(c). determine the infiltration capacity (d). determine the peak flood
94 If the pan evaporation indicates a total yearly evaporation of 150 cm, then the annual
water loss by evaporation from reservoir of water surface area of 100 km2 will be
(a). 1.5 x 103 ha-m (b). 1.5 x 105 ha-m
2
(c). 1.5 x 10 ha-m (d). 1.5 x 104 ha-m
95 Lacey's regime theory was developed after extensive research in
(a). Israel (b). Indonesia
(c). India (d). Iraq
96 Seepage losses in a canal are more when it is
(a). completely in filling (b). partly in filling and partly in cutting
(c). fully in cutting (d). lined
97 By providing seepage drains, the chances of water-logging
(a). decrease (b). increase
(c). will not alter (d). None of the above
98 Bhakra dam is a
(a). non rigid gravity dam (b). rigid earth dam
(c). rigid gravity dam (d). rock fill dam
99 Spurs provided for the river training woks are
(a). parallel to the river banks (b). transverse to the river flow
(c). usually made of earth bends (d). provided to guide the flow to a
bridge.
100 An earthen embankment running parallel to the river to protect the area behind it is
called
(a). Dam (b) Dam
(c). Gully (d). Flood wall