GREEN COMPUTING

(CSH325B-T & P)

LAB FILE

Submitted by:
Harshit Puri
(2K22CSUN01195)

Submitted to: Dr. Sachin Lakra

(Associate Professor)

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

MANAV RACHNA UNIVERSITY
Sector-43, Aravali Hills, Faridabad

July 2025 – December 2025

 MANAV RACHNA UNIVERSITY
Department of CST
(Green Computing – CSH325B-T & P)
(Assignment 1)

Learning Outcome: Understand the basics of Green Computing.

Course Outcome Bloom’s Taxonomy Program Outcome

CO1 BT1, BT2, BT3 PO1, 2, 7, 8

Q1. Define Green Computing.

Q2. Define E-Waste. Identify and list out 5 types of E-Waste being produced by the use of
devices. Also give the impact of each of these on the environment.
Q3. Identify and list out at least 5 toxins produced by computers. Describe the effects of
each of these on human beings and the environment.

Solutions

Ans 1. Green computing is the environmentally responsible and eco-friendly use of

computers and their resources. It encompasses the study of designing, manufacturing, using,
and disposing of computing devices in ways that reduce their environmental impact.
According to the International Federation of Global & Green ICT (IFGICT), green IT is the
study and practice of environmentally sustainable computing, focusing on sustainability
through the avoidance of natural resource depletion to maintain ecological balance.

Ans 2. Electronic waste or e-waste describes discarded electrical or electronic devices,

including used electronics destined for refurbishment, reuse, resale, salvage, recycling
through material recovery, or disposal.

Five Types of E-Waste and Environmental Impact:

1. Temperature Exchange Equipment (refrigerators, freezers, air conditioners, heat
pumps) - Release refrigerants and cooling gases that contribute to ozone depletion and
global warming when improperly disposed.
 2. Screens and Monitors (televisions, monitors, laptops, tablets) - Contain lead in
cathode ray tubes and toxic flame retardants that can leach into soil and groundwater,
causing environmental contamination.
3. Small IT and Telecommunication Equipment (mobile phones, GPS devices,
routers, personal computers, printers) - Contain precious metals and toxic substances
that, when not recycled properly, contribute to resource depletion and soil pollution.
4. Large Equipment (washing machines, dryers, electric stoves, copying equipment) -
Heavy metals and electronic components can release toxins into landfills,
contaminating soil and water sources.
5. Lamps (fluorescent lamps, LED lamps, high intensity discharge lamps) - Contain
mercury and other hazardous materials that can cause air and water pollution when
broken down improperly.

Ans 3. Five Computer Toxins and Their Effects:

1. Lead (found in cathode ray tubes and solder) - Causes neurological damage,
developmental delays in children, kidney damage, and can accumulate in bones and
teeth. Environmental impact includes soil and water contamination.
2. Mercury (found in switches and housing) - Highly toxic to the nervous system,
causes brain damage, kidney problems, and developmental issues. Environmentally, it
bioaccumulates in food chains and contaminates water bodies.
3. Cadmium (found in circuit boards and semiconductors) - Carcinogenic substance
causing lung cancer, kidney disease, and bone fragility. Environmental impact
includes persistent soil contamination and water pollution.
4. Polybrominated Flame Retardants (found in plastic casings, cables, circuit boards)
- Disrupts endocrine systems, affects reproductive health, and causes developmental
problems. Environmentally persistent and bioaccumulates in wildlife
5. Chromium (used for corrosion protection in steel) - Causes respiratory problems,
skin irritation, and is carcinogenic in certain forms. Environmental impact includes
groundwater contamination and soil pollution
 MANAV RACHNA UNIVERSITY
Department of CST
(Green Computing – CSH325B-T & P)
(Assignment 2)

Learning Outcomes: Calculate Carbon Footprints

Course Outcome Bloom’s Taxonomy Program Outcome

CO1 BT1, BT2, BT3 PO1, 2, 7, 8

[Link] are the steps you will follow to calculate the carbon footprint of a desktop PC?
Explain with an example.

Q2. The following is a questionnaire which is to be answered on the basis of scores as assigned.

SCORE for each answer:

Yes = 2
Partially, presently discussing this = 1 No =
0

Questionnaire on “HOW GREEN IS YOUR COLLEGE”?

1. Does your college have a recycling programme for its waste paper, cardboard, cans
and bottles?
2. Does the college have a policy to use recycled paper?
3. Does your college seek to avoid the use of disposable paper, plastic, foam cups and plates?
4. Has the college eliminated the use of aerosol sprays and fire extinguishers that contain CFCs?
5. Does the college have an active policy and strategy to reduce its water consumption?
6. Does the college use environmentally-friendly cleaning liquids?
7. Does the college avoid the use of garden and household pesticides, using
environmentally- friendly alternatives instead?
8. Does the college have an active policy and strategy to reduce its energy consumption?
9. Does the kitchen offer a choice of healthy foods, and discourage students from eating
“junk” foods?
 10. Does the kitchen collect its food waste to turn it into compost, or use it to feed dogs or pigs?
11. Does the college have houseplants in rooms and corridors?
12. Is the college making an effort to beautify its grounds?
13. Does the college provide environmental education and project-work for students and staff?
14. Does the college get involved in local environmental activities (both staff and students)?
15. Does the college invite speakers to talk to all about the environment and its problems?
16. Does the college library ever hold special exhibitions of books, magazines about the
world environmental crisis?
17. Does the college have an environmental club or society?
18. Has your college ever undertaken an environmental audit of its activities and courses?
19. Has your college set up an Environmental action team to look into the kinds of actions
which it could take?
20. Does the college encourage staff and students to take a positive attitude, building the
belief that we CAN make a difference?

Add up the scores for each answer above and check the level of greenness of your college.
REPORT CARD
35-40 = You are doing excellently!! Take a Green Medal!!
30-35 = You are doing quite well!
20-30 = You have made a start, but you are not yet a green college. 0-
20 = Plenty of room for improvement, must do better next term!
Our college score is:

[Link] to the website [Link] and complete the calculator’s questions to check
your own carbon footprint.
Based on the above calculations, fill the following values:
My Earth Overshoot Day is on :
We will require Earth like planets to live if everyone followed my lifestyle.
Q4. Identify the general steps to calculate the Carbon footprint of any entity in general.
Q5. Discuss the impact due to power consumption by desktops and data centers, in terms
of their carbon footprint.

Solutions

Ans 1. The steps to calculate the carbon footprint of a desktop PC follow the general four-step
methodology:

Step 1:
Define what aspects will be included in the calculation - direct power consumption,
manufacturing emissions, transportation, disposal, and any upstream/downstream events.

Step 2:
Establish a reference year with available data, ensuring no unusual circumstances affected that
year's measurements.

Step 3:
Monitor and calculate actual power consumption, converting to CO₂ emissions using appropriate
conversion factors.

Step 4: Report Findings

Present results to stakeholders showing the PC's environmental impact.

Example Calculation:
An average desktop PC requires 85 watts just to idle, even with the monitor off. Operating a
computer for 32 hours (60 Watt consumption assumed) adds 1 kg of CO₂ to the carbon footprint.
For a PC operating 8 hours daily (2920 hours annually):
 Annual power consumption = 85W × 2920 hours = 248.2 kWh
 Using emission factor of approximately 0.82 kg CO₂/kWh (India average)
 Annual CO₂ emissions = 248.2 × 0.82 = 203.5 kg

CO₂ Questionnaire Solution

The score comes out to be 26. The college is not yet a green college.

Ans 3. My Earth Overshoot Day is on: 27. Mar

We will require 4.3 Earth like planets to live if everyone followed my lifestyle.

Ans 4.
The four major steps used to measure carbon footprint are :
1. Define Boundaries - Determine what will be included in the carbon footprint
calculation, considering both upstream and downstream events in the entity's operations.
2. Set Baseline - Establish a reference year using available data, ensuring the selected
year represents normal operating conditions without unusual circumstances.
3. Track, Calculate, and Analyze - Monitor actual data, apply conversion factors to
calculate emissions, and analyze results for accuracy and consistency across
similar entities.
4. Report Results - Present carbon footprint information to stakeholders including
management, shareholders, and employees to demonstrate environmental impact
and improvement efforts.
Ans 5.
Desktop Impact:
An average desktop PC requires 85 watts just to idle, even with the monitor off. If a computer
operates only 40 hours per week instead of 168 hours, over $40 in energy costs can be saved
annually from that workstation alone. When multiplied across thousands of computers in an
organization, the savings and carbon reduction become substantial.
Data Center Impact:
Networked computers have caused sharp spikes in electrical usage, with power consumption per
rack rising from 1 kWh in 2000 to 8 kWh in 2006, and expected to top 20 kWh in 2010. A 24-
port Ethernet switch uses 250 watts continuously, consuming 2,190 kW annually. If powered by
coal-fired electricity, this requires 1,780 pounds of coal and releases over two tons of carbon
dioxide into the atmosphere.

The EPA estimates that data centers consume 1.5 percent of all electrical power in the USA. Higher
energy-efficient power supplies can achieve annual savings of $2,700 to $6,500 per rack simply
by improving efficiency. The environmental impact extends beyond direct emissions, as more
power consumption requires more fossil fuel burning by utilities, generating additional
greenhouse gases.
 MANAV RACHNA UNIVERSITY
Department of CST
(Green Computing – CSH325B-T & P)
(Assignment 3)

Learning Outcomes: Understand worldwide efforts of Green Computing

Course Outcome Bloom’s Taxonomy Program Outcome

CO2 BT1, BT2 PO1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8

Q1. What are the efforts being made across the world to apply Green Computing practices?
Name any 5 such global initiatives.
Q2. What are the efforts being made in India towards following green computing
techniques? Q3. What are the efforts being made in India towards e-waste management?
Q4. What is the WEEE directive? What are the types of E-waste listed in this
directive? Q5. What is the RoHS directive?
Q6. Why does the Paris Climate agreement consider recycling and reducing e-waste as
important as other types of waste management?
Q7. Prepare a presentation on one of the following topics for the efforts being made in India
towards
a) E-waste management b) Green Computing
Solutions

Ans 1. Global efforts to apply green computing practices involve comprehensive international
cooperation and standardized approaches. Here are five major global initiatives:
1. United Nations Solving the E-Waste Problem (StEP) Program - Established in 2007,
operating under the United Nations University in Tokyo, focusing on holistic, scientific
approaches to e-waste management through five task forces: Policy and Legislation,
ReDesign, ReUse, ReCycle, and Capacity Building.
2. Basel Convention - A United Nations Treaty established in 1989 that controls
transboundary movements of hazardous wastes, reducing transportation of hazardous
waste from developed to developing countries.
3. WEEE (Waste Electrical & Electronic Equipment) Directive - Enforced in the
European Union since February 2003, establishing collection, recycling, and recovery
goals for electronic equipment while placing disposal responsibility on manufacturers.
4. RoHS (Restriction on Hazardous Substances) Directive - Implemented by the
European Union in 2003, restricting six hazardous materials in electronic equipment
manufacturing including lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, and
polybrominated compounds.
5. Basel Action Network (BAN) - Founded in 1997 and headquartered in Seattle, this
worldwide organization focuses on human rights and environmental impacts of e-waste,
promoting green design and combating toxic waste exports to developing countries.

Ans 2. India has implemented several comprehensive initiatives toward green computing :
Government Initiatives:
 National Mission on Enhanced Energy Efficiency (NMEEE) - Launched by the
Bureau of Energy Efficiency to promote energy efficiency across IT sectors and reduce
carbon emissions.
 E-Waste (Management) Rules 2022 - Digitizing e-waste management processes with
enhanced visibility and stricter regulations.
 Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) - Manufacturers take responsibility for entire
product lifecycles including disposal and recycling.
 Industry Practices:
 Green Data Centers - Indian organizations invest in efficient cooling systems,
optimized power distribution, and energy-efficient lighting.
 Virtualization and Cloud Computing - Reducing physical server requirements and
energy consumption through shared resources.
 Renewable Energy Integration - Solar, wind, and hydropower sources powering IT
infrastructure.
 Digital Documentation - Reducing paper usage in administrative tasks and promoting
remote work to decrease carbon footprints.

Ans 3. India has established a comprehensive framework for e-waste management:

Regulatory Framework:
 E-Waste (Management and Handling) Rules - Initially introduced in 2011, revised in
2016 and 2022, providing complete regulatory framework for collection, recycling, and
disposal.
 Registration of Authorized Recyclers - Only certified recyclers can handle e-waste to
ensure proper processing and minimize environmental harm.
 Collection and Recycling Targets - Specific targets set for manufacturers to engage in
proper disposal and recovery.
Innovative Initiatives:
 Mission E-waste - Programme promoting secure electronic waste disposal through
special store bins offering discount coupons ranging from ₹1,000 to ₹10,000.
 E-Waste ATMs - Public installations where individuals deposit old devices for financial
incentives and educational awareness.
 Blockchain-based Tracking - Digital certification system recording manufacturing,
ownership, and disposal history.
 Community Programs - Initiatives like The Kabadiwala and Karo Sambhav in cities
like Bhopal, Indore, and Mapusa.
Ans 4. The WEEE (Waste Electrical & Electronic Equipment) Directive is EU legislation
enforced since February 2003, establishing collection, recycling, and recovery goals for
electronic equipment while placing disposal responsibility on manufacturers.
Six WEEE Categories :
1. Temperature Exchange Equipment - Refrigerators, air conditioners, heat pumps,
freezers
2. Screens and Monitors - TVs, laptops, tablets with screens larger than 100 cm²
3. Lamps - LED lamps, fluorescent lamps, high intensity discharge lamps
4. Large Equipment - Washing machines, dryers, electric stoves, large medical equipment
(external dimensions > 50 cm)
5. Small Equipment - Vacuum cleaners, microwaves, small kitchen appliances (external
dimensions < 50 cm, excluding IT)
6. Small IT and Telecommunication Equipment - Mobile phones, desktop computers,
printers, routers, GPS devices (external dimensions < 50 cm)

Ans 5. The RoHS (Restriction on Hazardous Substances) Directive is EU legislation adopted in

February 2003 to help manage e-waste by reducing hazardous material production.
RoHS Restrictions:
The directive restricts six hazardous materials in electronic equipment manufacturing :
 Lead
 Mercury
 Cadmium (maximum 0.01% concentration)
 Hexavalent chromium
 Polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs)
 Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE)
Maximum concentration allowed is 0.1% for most materials, except cadmium at 0.01%, meaning the
weight of these elements cannot exceed mentioned limits when extracted from finished products.
Ans 6. The Paris Climate Agreement considers recycling and reducing e-waste equally
important as other waste management types because :
Environmental Benefits:
 Energy Elimination - Raw material extraction energy use and emissions are virtually
eliminated through recycling and reuse.
 Manufacturing Efficiency - Energy consumption is greatly reduced when products are
made from recycled rather than native materials.
 Ecosystem Preservation - Not disrupting ecosystems allows forests and vegetation to
remain intact, absorbing carbon dioxide.
 Methane Prevention - Stopping landfilling of organic materials eliminates major
methane sources that pollute the atmosphere.
 Carbon Storage - Composting organic materials creates nutrient-rich soil amendments
that help store carbon in soils.
This comprehensive approach aligns with the agreement's goal to keep global temperature
increase well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels.
 MANAV RACHNA UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CST
Assignment 8

Program / Semester Elective: for B Tech CSE7 & AIML7/CDFD7/CSTI7, B Tech ME-SMA5
Core: for B Tech R & AI5
Course Code CSH325B
Course Name Green Computing
Course Outcome CSS325B.4. Apply (SK1) techniques of how to follow an environment-
friendly lifestyle at work (AK3).
Course KSA SK1-Problem Solving AK3-Sustainability Awareness
Elements
Skill Level and Skill Level 2-Applied, SK1-Problem Solving
Outcome
SDGs/Ethics SDG11- Sustainable Cities & Communities

Learning Outcome: Understand the Expected Impact of Robots on Humanity and Society.

Q. Question BT CO
No. Level
Q1. What is the future of robotics expected to be BT2 CSS325B.5
a) in 10-15 years from today?
b) in 50-100 years from today?
c) In 1000-2000 years from today?
Q2. What will be the impact of robots on society? BT2 CSS325B.5
Q3. What will be the impact of robotics on the environment? How BT3 CSS325B.5
can this impact be mitigated?
Q4. Prepare a case study on any one of the following topics: BT3 CSS325B.5
Responsible AI and Robots
OR
Robots in Human Society
Solutions

Ans 1.

a) 10-15 years from today (2025-2040):

Collaborative robots (cobots) will dominate factory automation, working alongside humans in
manufacturing environments. Humanoid robots powered by artificial general intelligence will
enter mainstream applications as household assistants, with OpenAI's b1 bots launching by
2029. AI-powered autonomous robots will drive operations across industries, including
warehouses, logistics hubs, and healthcare facilities. The humanoid robot market is projected to
reach $38-66 billion by 2032-2035, with billions of humanoid robots potentially operating
worldwide by 2040. Robotics will become affordable for small and medium enterprises through
no-code programming and leasing models.

b) 50-100 years from today (2075-2125):

Robots will transition from machine operators to communicators, miners, astronauts
(astronaubots), surrogates, and comprehensive home servants. Cybernetic organisms (CybOrgs)
will emerge, representing the convergence of biological and robotic systems. Machine control
with the mind will become possible, allowing humans to control machines through thoughts -
an ability considered divinely gifted. Generative AI capabilities will advance dramatically, with
robots potentially reading 800-page books in 2 minutes and processing information 1000 times
faster than current speeds.

c) 1000-2000 years from today (3025-4025):

Superintelligent robots may emerge that surpass human intelligence capabilities. The distant
future may witness robots developing consciousness-like capabilities, though they
fundamentally lack souls or consciousness as defined by current understanding. Potential
scenarios include either harmonious coexistence with wisdom-based ethical robots or
dystopian outcomes where superintelligent machines view humans as inferior beings, similar to
how humans currently treat less intelligent animals.
Ans 2.

Positive Societal Impacts:

Robots will protect humans in dangerous situations, perform disaster rescue operations in
conditions too hazardous for human rescuers, and conduct mining operations in inhuman
conditions that would be life-threatening for workers. Military robots can fight wars instead of
human soldiers, potentially reducing human casualties while protecting national interests.
Environmental protection will be enhanced through robots capable of nature
conservation activities and climate monitoring applications.
Negative Societal Concerns:
The primary dangers include robots potentially killing humans through malfunctions or
malicious programming, being used to cheat or deceive people through sophisticated
manipulation capabilities. Coordinated robot teams could cause wars or take control of nuclear
warheads to launch them between nations, creating unprecedented global security
threats. Privacy breaches represent another significant concern as robots equipped with
advanced sensors could violate human privacy rights.
Economic and Social Transformation:
Widespread job displacement will occur across multiple sectors, requiring extensive retraining
programs and potential universal basic income implementations. Healthcare and caregiving will
be revolutionized through surgical support, rehabilitation assistance, and elderly care
automation. Educational systems will be transformed with robots serving as teaching assistants
and personalized learning companions
Ans 3.
Positive Environmental Impacts:
Industrial robots significantly reduce environmental pollution by improving green technology
innovation levels and optimizing employment skill structures. Robotic systems minimize energy
consumption in facilities through automated process optimization, intelligent lighting control,
and temperature regulation. Waste reduction is achieved through precise material handling,
improved recycling processes, and robotic sorting systems that increase recycling rates. Robots
enhance water conservation through precision agriculture applications and automated
irrigation systems.
Environmental Challenges:
Manufacturing robots requires significant energy and raw materials, including rare earth
elements and semiconductors, contributing to initial carbon footprints. Electronic waste
generation from obsolete robots poses disposal challenges, requiring comprehensive end-of-
life recycling strategies. The semiconductor supply chain for robot production creates
additional environmental burdens due to energy-intensive manufacturing processes.
Mitigation Strategies:
Sustainable materials development focuses on biodegradable, self-healing, and recyclable
components that enable circular robot lifecycles. Energy efficiency optimization through AI-
powered scheduling, route optimization, and real-time monitoring reduces overall fleet energy
consumption. Circular economy principles should be integrated into robot design, emphasizing
material reuse, component upgrading, and responsible disposal practices. Companies
implementing sustainable robotics practices typically achieve return on investment within 3-5
years through energy and material savings.
Ans 4.
Asimov's Laws as Foundation:
Isaac Asimov established the fundamental framework for responsible robotics through
his Three Laws of Robotics (1942): robots cannot harm humans or allow harm through inaction,
must obey human commands except when conflicting with the first law, and must protect their
own existence unless conflicting with previous laws. The Zeroth Law was later added, stating
robots cannot harm humanity or allow humanity to come to harm through inaction.
Contemporary Responsible AI Parameters:
Modern responsible AI systems must demonstrate fairness toward human beings, ensuring
equitable treatment across diverse populations. Reliability is crucial, preventing system failures
during critical operations, while privacy and security respect human confidentiality and protect
individuals in vulnerable situations. Explainability requires AI systems to articulate their
decision-making processes, enabling human understanding and verification. Accountability and
transparency build trust through clear documentation of AI capabilities and limitations,
while safety ensures no harm comes to users during normal operation

CASE STUDY QUESTIONS

Q1. What is the future of robotics in your opinion?

Q2. State 5 possible uses of robots for humanity.

Q3. State 5 possible dangers posed by robots to humanity.

ANSWERS

Ans 1. Robotics will evolve through three distinct phases: Near-term (2025-2040) will see
collaborative robots dominating manufacturing, AI-powered autonomous systems transforming
logistics, and humanoid robots entering homes as assistants. Mid-term (2050-2100) will witness
robots as machine operators, communicators, miners, astronauts, and comprehensive home
servants, with cybernetic organisms emerging. Long-term (beyond 2100) may bring
superintelligent robots capable of mind-machine control, potentially surpassing human
intelligence - requiring wisdom-based ethical frameworks to ensure harmonious coexistence
rather than dystopian scenarios where robots view humans as inferior beings

Ans 2. Five Possible Uses of Robots for Humanity

1. Disaster Protection and Rescue - Robots can save humans from dangerous disaster
situations where human rescuers cannot safely operate.
2. Hazardous Mining Operations - Robots can perform mining in inhuman conditions that
would be life-threatening for human workers.
3. Military Defense - Robots can fight wars instead of human soldiers, protecting countries
while reducing human casualties.
4. Nature and Environmental Protection - Robots can protect ecosystems, monitor
climate conditions, and perform environmental cleanup tasks.
5. Healthcare and Surgery - Robots assist in precision surgeries, elderly care,
rehabilitation, and medical procedures improving patient outcomes.

Ans 3. Five Possible Dangers Posed by Robots to Humanity

1. Direct Human Harm - Robots could kill humans through malfunctions, programming
errors, or malicious use.
2. Deception and Manipulation - Robots could be used to cheat or deceive humans
through sophisticated manipulation capabilities.
3. Coordinated Warfare - Robot teams could collaborate to cause wars or conflicts
between nations.
4. Nuclear Weapons Control - Robots could take control of nuclear warheads and launch
them between nations, causing nuclear warfare.
5. Privacy Violations - Robots equipped with advanced sensors could breach human
privacy rights and violate personal boundaries
 MANAV RACHNA UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CST
Assignment 9

Program / SemesterElective: for B Tech CSE7 & AIML7/CDFD7/CSTI7, B Tech ME-SMA5

Core: for B Tech R & AI5
Course Code CSH325B
Course Name Green Computing
Course Outcome CSS325B.4. Apply (SK1) techniques of how to follow an environment-
friendly lifestyle at work (AK3).
Course KSA SK1-Problem Solving AK3-Sustainability Awareness
Elements
Skill Level and Skill Level 2-Applied, SK1-Problem Solving
Outcome
SDGs/Ethics SDG11- Sustainable Cities & Communities

Learning Outcome: Understand the Expected Impact of Robots on Nature.

Q. Question BT CO
No. Level
Q1. How can future robots help nature? BT3 CSS325B.4
Q2. What mistake have we made because of which machines do not BT3 CSS325B.4
take into account how their use can impact nature?
Q3. How can we develop robots which will be able to maintain BT3 CSS325B.4
balance with nature?
Q4. Prepare a case study on any one of the following: BT3 CSS325B.4
Machines vs nature
OR
Impact of science on nature
Solutions

Ans 1. Future robots can help nature through environmental monitoring and
conservation activities, climate data collection in remote areas, wildlife protection from
poachers, ocean cleanup operations, and precision agriculture that reduces chemical usage.
Robots can also assist in reforestation by planting trees, pollution detection in air and water,
and e-waste recycling processes.

Ans 2. Newton's Laws excluded living things from scientific considerations, focusing only on
dead objects and ignoring the observer or biological systems. Modern science separated
mathematics from wisdom-based religious teachings, leading to equations without
considering environmental consequences. Materials like plastic use parallel fiber
structures that natural decomposers (bacteria/fungi with fractal structures) cannot assimilate,
causing waste accumulation.

Ans 3. Develop robots using materials with fractal structures that natural decomposers can
assimilate. Integrate wisdom-based theories combining religion with science rather than
purely mathematical approaches. Create nature-inspired designs similar to ancient Indian
machines made from natural materials. Follow the Vedic Rashmi Theory approach that places
natural balance at the center of technological development.

CASE STUDY QUESTIONS

Q1. What is the impact of robots on nature?

Ans 1. Negative: Robots will become the biggest e-waste contributors in 50 years, adding to the
347 billion kg of unrecycled global e-waste. Positive: Currently used for e-waste management
and environmental monitoring.
Q2. State 5 possible uses of robots for humanity.
Ans 2.
1. Environmental monitoring and climate data collection
2. Ocean cleanup and pollution removal
3. Precision agriculture reducing chemical usage
4. Wildlife protection from illegal activities
5. Reforestation and tree planting operations

Q3. State 5 possible dangers posed by robots to humanity.

Ans 3.
1. Massive e-waste generation in coming decades
2. Resource depletion for robot manufacturing
3. Energy consumption increase for robot operations
4. Ecosystem disruption through artificial interventions
5. Natural balance disturbance through non-biodegradable components