ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGINCE
As Per Latest
CBSE
Syllabus
Class X
Modelling
Introduction
The AI Project Cycle provides us with an appropriate framework which can lead us towards
the goal. The AI Project Cycle mainly has 5 stages:
• Project Cycle is a step by step process to solve problems using proven scientific methods and
drawing inferences about them.
Project Cycle Stages:
• Problem Scoping: Understand the problem and identify relevant parameters using data insights.
• Data Acquisition: Collect data from authentic sources to support the project's objective.
• Data Exploration: Visualize and interpret data through graphs, charts, and patterns to gain insights.
• Model Building: Research and select suitable AI models, then develop algorithms around the most
efficient one.
• Evaluation: Test the model on new data to measure performance and make improvements.
• Deployment: Implement the final model into a real-world environment for actual use and feedback.
Modelling:
Modelling is the process in which different models based on the visualized data can be
created and even checked for the advantages and disadvantages of the model.
• In Modelling stage, we use select data to train AI models that can make predictions, decisions,
or detect patterns.
Modelling:
Rule Based Approach Refers to the Al modelling where the rules are defined by the developer
• The machine follows the rules or instructions mentioned by the developer and performs its
task accordingly.
• This is known as a rule-based approach because we fed the data along with rules to the
machine and the machine after getting trained on them is now able to predict answers for the
same
• A drawback/feature for this approach is that the learning is static. The machine once trained,
does not take into consideration any changes made in the original training dataset
Rule Based Approach:
Rule Based Approach:
Learning Based Approach:
The Learning-Based Approach is based on a Machine learning experience with the
data fed.
• It to the AI modelling where the machine learns by itself. Under the Learning Based approach,
the AI model gets trained on the data fed to it and then is able to design a model which is
adaptive to the change in data.
• After training, the machine is now fed with testing data.
• Machine learning: Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence (AI) that
provides machines the ability to learn automatically and improve from experience
without being programmed for it.
Learning Based Approach:
LEARNING BASED APPROACH
UNSUPERVISED REINFORCEMENT
SUPERVISED
REGRESSION CLASSIFICATION CLUSTERING ASSOCIATION
Supervised Learning:
Supervised Learning is a type of machine learning where the model is trained using
labeled data, meaning the input data comes with the correct output. The goal is to learn
a mapping from inputs to outputs so the model can predict results for new, unseen data.
•The dataset which is fed to the machine is labelled.
•We can say that the dataset is known to the person who is training the machine only
then he/she is able to label the data.
•A label is some information which can be used as a tag for data.
Supervised Learning:
There are two types of Supervised Learning models:
Classification:
• Where the data is classified according to the labels.
For example, in the grading system, students are
classified on the basis of the grades they obtain with
respect to their marks in the examination. This model
works on discrete dataset which means the data need
not be continuous.
Supervised Learning:
Regression:
Regression based models work on continuous data.
For example, if you wish to predict your next salary, then
you would put in the data of your previous salary, any
increments, etc., and would train the model. Here, the
data which has been fed to the machine is continuous.
Unsupervised Learning:
An Unsupervised learning model works on unlabelled dataset. This means that the data
which is fed to the machine is random and there is a possibility that the person who is
training the model does not have any information regarding it.
The unsupervised learning models are used to identify relationships, patterns and trends
out of the data which is fed into it.
It helps the user in understanding
->What the data is about
->What are the major features identified by the machine
Unsupervised Learning:
Clustering
Clustering: Refers to the unsupervised learning
algorithm which can cluster the unknown data according
to the patterns or trends identified out of it. The patterns
observed might be the ones which are known to the
developer or it might even come up with some unique
patterns out of it.
Unsupervised Learning:
Association :
Association in machine learning is a type of unsupervised
learning that discovers relationships between variables in a
dataset. It is used to find patterns in data that would not be
obvious by looking at the data individually. It works by
finding rules that describe how often two or more items
appear together in a dataset.
Association is a powerful tool that can be used to find hidden patterns in data. It is used
in a variety of applications to improve decision-making and efficiency.
Re-enforcement Learning :
Re-enforcement
[Link] through feedback or trial and error method
[Link] system works on a Reward or Penalty policy.
[Link] this an agent performs an action positive or negative, in the environment which is
taken as input from the the system, then the system changes the state in the
environment and the agent is provided with a reward or penalty.