INFORMATION STORAGE AND

MANAGEMENT

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 MODULE – 1

INTRODUCTION TO
INFORMATION STORAGE

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 Module 1: Introduction to Information Storage

Upon completion of this module, you should be able to:

• Define data and information
• Describe types of data
• Describe the evolution of storage architecture
• Describe the core elements of a data center
• List the key characteristics of data center
• Provide an overview of virtualization and cloud computing

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 Why Information Storage and Management?
• Information is the knowledge derived from data
• Growth of digital information has resulted in information
explosion
• We live in an on-command, on-demand world
 We need information when and where required
• Increasing dependency on fast and reliable access to information
• Businesses seek to store, protect, optimize, and leverage the
information
 To gain competitive advantage
 To derive new business opportunity

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 What is Data?
Data

It is a collection of raw facts from which conclusions may be drawn.

• Data is converted into more

convenient form − digital data Digital Movie
Movie
• Factors for digital data growth 10101011010
00010101011
are: Photo
Digital Photo
01010101010
10101011010
 Increase in data-processing 00010101011
capabilities Book
e-Book
01010101010
10101010101
 Lower cost of digital storage 01010101010
email
 Affordable and faster Letter 10101010101

communication technology Digital Data

 Proliferation of applications and

smart devices

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 Types of Data
• Data can be classified as:
 Structured
 Unstructured email Attachments PDFs
• Majority of data being Unstructured (90%)
X-rays
created is unstructured
Manuals Instant Messages
Images Documents

Forms
Web Pages
Contracts Rich Media

Invoices

Audio, Video
Structured (10%)
Database

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 Big Data
Big Data
It refers to data sets whose sizes are beyond the ability of commonly used
software tools to capture, store, manage, and process within acceptable
time limits.

• Includes both structured and unstructured data generated by

variety of sources
• Big data analysis in real time requires new techniques and tools
that provide:
 High performance
 Massively parallel processing (MPP) data platforms
 Advanced analytics
• Big data analytics provide an opportunity to translate large
volumes of data into right decisions

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 Storage
• Stores data created by individuals and organizations
 Provides access to data for further processing
• Examples of storage devices are:
 Media card in a cell phone or digital camera
 DVDs, CD-ROMs
 Disk drives
 Disk arrays
 Tapes

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 Evolution of Storage Architecture

Department 1 Department 2 Department 3

Server Server Server

Department 1 Department 2 Department 3

Server Server Server

Storage
Network

Server-centric Storage Architecture

Storage Device
Information-centric Storage Architecture

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 Data Center
Data Center

It is a facility that contains storage, compute, network, and other IT

resources to provide centralized data-processing capabilities.

• Core elements of a data center

 Application
 Database management system (DBMS)
 Host or Compute
 Network
 Storage
• These core elements work together to address data-processing
requirements

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 Data Center: Online Order Transaction System Example

Host/ Storage Array

Compute

Client

Storage
LAN/WAN Network

User
Interface OS and DBMS

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 Key Characteristics of a Data Center

Availability

Data Integrity Security

Manageability

Performance Capacity

Scalability

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 Managing Data Center
• Key management activities include
 Monitoring
 Continuous process of gathering information on various elements
and services running in a data center
 Reporting
 Details on resource performance, capacity, and utilization
 Provisioning
 Configuration and allocation of resources to meet the capacity,
availability, performance, and security requirements
• Virtualization and cloud computing have changed the way data
center infrastructure resources are provisioned and managed

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 Virtualization: An Overview
• Virtualization is a technique of abstracting physical resources and
making them appear as logical resources
 For example partitioning of raw disks
• Pools physical resources and provides an aggregated view of
physical resource capabilities
• Virtual resources can be created from pooled physical resources
 Improves utilization of physical IT resources

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 Cloud Computing: An Overview
• Enables individuals and organizations to use IT resources as a
service over network
• Enables self-service requesting and automates request-
fulfillment process
 Enables users to scale up or scale down the usage of computing
resources quickly
• Enables consumption-based metering
 Consumers pay only for the resources they use
 Example: CPU hours used, amount of data transferred, and Gigabytes
of data stored

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 Module 1: Summary
Key points covered in this module:
• Data and information
• Types of data
• Big data
• Evolution of storage architecture
• Core elements of data center
• Key characteristics of data center
• Virtualization and cloud computing

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