Electronics Devices & Circuits (DI01009011)
Date: ……………
Practical No.2: Test characteristics of Half wave rectifier using CRO
A. Objective: Half wave rectifier mostly used as a power supply in many low power
applications. The objective of this experiment is to examine characteristics of a Half
Wave Rectifier, Also to calculate value of ripple factor and efficiency and verify with
practical results.
.
B. Practical Outcome(PRo)
1. Measure output voltage with and without filter.
2. Practically verify relation between output and input voltage
3. Practically verify value of ripple factor and efficiency
C. Prerequisite Theory:
A diode is a unidirectional conducting device. It conducts only when its anode is at a
higher voltage with respect to its cathode. In a half-wave rectifier circuit, during positive
half-cycle of the input, the diode gets forward biased and it conducts. Current flows
through the load resistor Rl and voltage is developed across it. During negative half-cycle
of the input, the diode gets reverse biased.
Half Wave Rectifier
WAVEFORMS:-
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Electronics Devices & Circuits (DI01009011)
Now no current (except the leakage current which is very small) flows. The voltage across the
load resistance during this period of input cycle is zero. Thus a pure ac signal is converted into
a unidirectional signal. It can be shown that
Vdc = Vm/ π
Ripple Factor:
Where, Vdc is the output dc voltage and Vm is peak ac voltage at the input of rectifier
circuit. The ripple factor (R.F), which is defined as the ratio of 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 value of the ripple
voltage to the absolute value of the DC component of the output voltage, can be given by;
For half wave rectifier,
Irms = Im/2
Idc = Im/π
Rectification efficiency:
The rectification efficiency of the rectifier is the ratio of the DC output power to the AC
input power. The maximum rectification efficiency is 40.6% for HW rectifier. This
means only 40.6% of the input AC power is converted into DC power.
Efficiency of HW Rectifier = Pdc/Pac
= Idc2 RL/Irms2 RL
= (Idc/(Irms)2 = (Vdc/Vrms)2
=
40.6%
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Electronics Devices & Circuits (DI01009011)
D. Experimental set up:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Draw Circuit Diagram Here
E. Resources/Equipment Required
[Link]. Instrument/Equipment
Specification Quantity
/Components/Trainer kit
1 Step Down Transformer 230V/12-0-12 V, 500mA 1 NO.
2 Dual Trace CRO -- 1 NO.
3 Bread Board -- 1 NO.
4 Diode 1N40001/4007 1 NO.
5 Carbon Resistor 1KΩ ; 1W 1 NO.
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Electronics Devices & Circuits (DI01009011)
F. Safety and necessary Precautions followed
1. Do not switch ON the power supply unless you have checked the circuit
connections,as per the circuit diagram.
2. Be careful to put multi meter setting in AC/DC while measuring input/output.
3. While performing the experiment, do not exceed the current rating of circuit beyond
the rated value, it may lead to damaging the diode.
G. Procedure to be followed/Source code:
1. Connect the circuit of half wave rectifier as shown in circuit diagram
2. Set The C.R.O. using different control knob.
3. Connect the patch code of the C.R.O. to circuit as per the circuit diagram
4. Switch on the supply
5. Observe and draw the wave form of AC. input voltage and pulsating DC output voltage across
load resistance RL (with and without filter).
6. Measure AC. input voltage and pulsating DC output voltage.
7. Measure AC. input current and pulsating DC output current.
8. Switch off the supply.
9. Calculate the value of output voltage, rectification efficiency and ripple factor.
10. Compare above data with practical values
H. Observations and Calculations:
Sr. Load Vrms Vm Irms Vdc Idc Vdc (With
No. Resistancd (V) (V) (mA) (V) (mA) Filter Cap.)
(RL) KΩ
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Electronics Devices & Circuits (DI01009011)
Calculations:
(1) Vac=Vm/ π
(2) Rectification efficiency (η)
(3) Ripple factor (R.F.)
I. Interpretation of Results
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J. Conclusion
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K. Practical related Questions.
1. Define ripple factor.
2. State the difference between H.W rectifier and F.W. rectifier with two diodes (at least
three point)
3. State the applications of half wave rectifier.
4. State limitations of half wave rectifier.
Sign with Date of
Evaluation Done for
Enrolment No.
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Electronics Devices & Circuits (DI01009011)
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