MODEL EXAMINATION – 2024 - 2025
SC- 4 SCIENCE Time: 3hrs
CLASS : X Marks : 80
General Instruction:
1. This Question Paper has 5 Sections A-E.
2. Section A has 20 MCQs carrying 1 mark each.
3. Section B has 6 questions carrying 02 marks each.
4. Section C has 7 questions carrying 03 marks each.
5. Section D has 3 questions carrying 05 marks each.
6. Section E has 3 case based integrated units of assessment (04 marks each) with
sub-parts of the values of 1, 1 and 2 marks each respectively.
7. All Questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice in 3 Qs of 5 marks, 1
Qs of 3 marks and 2 Questions of 2 marks has been provided. An internal choice
has been provided in the 2 marks questions of Section E
8. Draw neat figures wherever required. Take π =22/7 wherever required if not stated .
SECTION A
1 Eshani takes about 2g ferrous sulphate crystals in dry boiling tube and 1
heated the boiling tube over the flame of a burner or spirit lamp. The colour
of crystals after heating is:
a) Black b) Brown c) Green d) Orange
2 Hydrangea plants develop blue or pink flowers depending on the 1
availability of aluminium from the soil. When the soil is acidic, aluminium is
more available to the roots, resulting in blue flowers. When the soil is
alkaline, the availability of aluminium decreases, resulting in pink flowers.
The graph below is of the pH of the soil at different sections of a field.
In which section of the field will the flowers on ALL the hydrangea plants
definitely be blue in colour and in which section will the flowers on ALL the
hydrangea plants definitely be pink in colour?
Options Blue flowers Pink flowers
a) Section P and Q Section R and S
b) Section R and S Section P and Q
c) Section P, Q and S Section R
d) Section P Section R
SC – X – M 4 1
3 A student studying the chemical properties of metals finds incomplete 1
chemical reactions in his book, as shown below:
MgO + HNO3 →
Which option completes the reaction?
a) MgO + HNO3 → Mg3N2 + 4H2O
b) MgO + HNO3 → Mg + NO2 + O2
c) MgO + HNO3 → Mg(OH)2 + 2NO2
d) MgO + HNO3 → Mg(NO3)2 + H2O
4 Observe the diagrammatic representation of a process happening in our 1
body. In which of these organs could it be taking place?
(i) Lungs (ii) Heart (iii) kidneys
a) Only in lungs b) Only in heart
c) Only lungs and kidneys d) In all lungs, heart and kidneys
5 A man injures his arm in an accident. Afterwards, he can feel objects 1
touching his hand, but he cannot move his hand away from them. What
could cause this?
a) Receptors in his hand are damaged.
b) The nerve connection is cut only between the receptors in his hand and
his central nervous system.
c)The nerve connection is cut only between his central nervous system
and the effectors in his arm.
d) The nerve connection between the receptors in the hand and his central
nervous system; and the nerve connection between the central nervous
system and the effector are cut.
6 Pea plants can have smooth seeds or wrinkled seeds. One of the 1
phenotypes is completely dominant over the other. A farmer decides to
pollinate one flower of a plant with smooth seeds using pollen from plant
with wrinkled seeds. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn?
i) The allele for smooth seeds is dominated over that of wrinkled seeds.
ii) The plant with smooth seeds is heterozygous.
SC – X – M 4 2
iii) The plant with wrinkled seeds is homozygous.
a) i only b) i and ii only
c) i and iii only d) i, ii and iii
7 Light rays A and B fall on optical component X and come out as C and D. 1
The optical component is a
a) concave lens
b) convex lens
c) convex mirror
d) prism
8 A person gets out in the sunlight from a dark room. How does his pupil 1
regulate and control the light entering the eye?
a) The size of the pupil will remain the same but less light will enter the eye
b) The size of the pupil will decrease and more light will enter the eye
c) T he size of the pupil will remain the same but more light will enter the
eye
d) The size of the pupil will decrease and less light will enter the eye
9 Which of the following is unlikely to be a consequence of global warming? 1
a) Diseases of temperate countries which spread to tropical countries.
b) The earth's weather will become warmer.
c) Icebergs at the poles will melt faster.
d) Low coastal areas become flooded.
10 Look at the following chemical equation. 1
2HNO3 + Ca (OH)2 → Ca (NO3)2 + 2H2O; is an example of
(i) displacement reaction (ii) double displacement reaction
(iii) neutralisation reaction (iv) combination reaction.
a) (i) and (iii) b) (ii) and (iii)
c) (iii) and (iv) d) (i) and (iv)
11 Match the items of column A with those of column B. 1
Column A Column B
i Slaked lime a Sodium hydrogen carbonate
ii Baking soda b Acetic acid
iii Sodium chloride c Used in white washing
iv Vinegar d Common salt
a) i-a, ii-c, iii-d, iv-b b) i-c, ii-a, iii-d, iv-b
c) i-d, ii-a, iii-c, iv-b d) i-d, ii-b, iii-c, iv-a
SC – X – M 4 3
12 An aluminium strip is kept immersed in a freshly prepared ferrous sulphate 1
solution taken in a test tube, the change observed is that
a) Green solution slowly gets decolourised with brown deposits.
b) Lower end of the test tube becomes slightly warm
c) A colourless gas with smell of burning sulphur is evolved
d) Light green solution changes to blue
13 Which among the following statement(s) is (are) true? Exposure of silver 1
chloride to sunlight for a long duration turns grey due to:
(i) The formation of silver by decomposition of silver chloride.
(ii) Sublimation of silver chloride.
(iii) Decomposition of chlorine gas from silver chloride.
(iv) Oxidation of silver chloride.
a) (i) only b) (i) and (iii)
c) (ii) and (iii) d) (iv) only
14 A student performs an experiment using a Balsam plant with intact stem, 1
leaves, roots and flowers. The plant was kept in a test tube containing
eosin solution (a pink colour dye). The test tube mouth was covered using
cotton plug as shown.
The student kept the plant undisturbed in the lab. After 2-3 hours, a
transverse section of stem was obtained using sharp scissors and studied
under microscope. The studies reveal the presence of pink colour in the
vessels of xylem. What does this observation explain?
a) Most portion of the plant stem is occupied by xylem.
b) Water moves through xylem in the plant.
c) Eosin solution gets stored in the xylem.
d) Xylem reacts with eosin and gives colour
SC – X – M 4 4
15 Which of the following occurs during oxygen shortage in muscle cells? 1
a) Only X b) Only Y c) Only Z d) Any of them - X, Y or Z
16 The manufacturing of chlorofluorocarbon- free refrigerators is mandatory 1
throughout the world. How this help prevent ozone depletion?
a) This will help convert oxygen molecules into ozone.
b) This will help convert the CFCs into ozone molecules.
c) This will reduce the production of CFCs from oxygen molecules.
d) This will reduce the release of CFCs that reacts with ozone molecules.
Question No. 17 to 20 consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and
Reason (R).Select the correct answer to the question from code (A),
(B), (C) and (D) as given below.
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is a correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not a
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true and Reason (R) is false.
d) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is true.
17 Assertion (A) : Iron articles are painted so as to prevent them from rusting. 1
Reason (R) : When the surface of iron is coated with paint, its surface
does not come in contact with oxygen and moisture
therefore rusting does not take place.
18 Assertion(A) : The sex of a child in human beings will be determined by 1
the type of chromosome he/she inherits from the father.
Reason(R) : A child who inherits ‘X’ chromosome from his father would
be a girl (XX), while a child who inherits a ‘Y’ chromosome
from the father would be a boy (XY).
19 Assertion(A) : Power of a convex lens is positive and that of a concave 1
lens is negative.
Reason(R) : Convex lens forms real image and concave lens forms
virtual image.
SC – X – M 4 5
20 Assertion (A) : The energy which passes to the herbivores does not come 1
back to autotrophs.
Reason (R) : The flow of energy in a food chain is unidirectional.
SECTION B
21 A white solid when dropped in water produces a hissing sound. What the 2
solid may be? Give the chemical reaction for the above. Name the product
formed.
22 1 % of starch in a test tube is added to 1 ml of saliva. After keeping the 2
mixture for an hour, a drop of iodine solution is added. Mention the change
in colour of the test tube. What does this indicate about the salivary action
on starch?
23 How do platelets help in minimising blood loss during injury? What would 2
happen if the bleeding is not minimized or stopped?
24 A student focused the image of a candle flame on a white screen by 2
placing the flame at various distances from a convex lens. He noted his
observations:
Distance of flame from the Distance of screen from the
lens(cm) lens(cm)
60 20
10 24
30 30
24 40
15 70
From the above table, find the focal length of lens without using lens
formula.
OR
AB and CD, two spherical mirrors, from parts of a hollow spherical ball with
1
its center at O as shown in the diagram. If arc AB = arc CD, what is the
2
ratio of their focal lengths? State which of the two mirrors will always form
virtual image of an object placed in front of it and why?
SC – X – M 4 6
25 Kanika and Himani have set up two coils P and Q as shown below. The 2
only difference between the two set – ups is the source of electricity.
State what will the galvanometer indicate when the switch is closed in both
the set - ups.
OR
A straight cylindrical conductor is suspended with its axis perpendicular to
the magnetic field of a horse shoe magnet. The conductor gets displaced
towards left when a current is passed through it.
What will happen to the displacement of the conductor if the
i) Current through it is increased?
ii) Horse show magnet is replaced by another stronger horse shoe
magnet?
26 In the following food chain, vertical arrows indicate the energy lost to the 2
environment, and horizontal arrows indicate energy transferred to the next
trophic level.
Which one of the three vertical arrows (A, C, and E) and which one of the
two horizontal arrows (B and D) will represent more energy transfer? Give
a reason for your answer.
SC – X – M 4 7
SECTION C
27 An excess of carbon dioxide gas is bubbled through lime water. 3
a) Will the pH of lime water change? If yes, how? Explain your answer.
b) Write the balanced equation for the reaction.
28 A metal E is stored under kerosene. When a small piece of it is left open in 3
the air, it catches fire. When the product formed is dissolved in water, it
turns red litmus to blue.
a) Name the metal E.
b) Write the chemical equation for the reaction when it is exposed to air
and when the products is dissolved in water.
c) Explain the process by which the metal is obtained from its molten
chloride.
29 Give reasons: 3
i) Respiratory rate in aquatic organisms is higher than in terrestrial
organisms.
ii) Capillaries are the thinnest blood vessels.
iii) Trachea does not collapse when there is no air in it.
30 A blue colour flower plant denoted by BB is crossbred with that of white 3
colour flower plant denoted by bb.
a) State the colour of flower you would expect in their F2 generation plants.
b) What must be the percentage of white flower plants in F2 generation if
flowers of F1 plants are self-pollinated?
c) State the expected ratio of the genotypes BB and Bb in the F2 progeny.
31 A person may suffer from both myopia and hypermetropia defects. 3
a) What is this condition called?
b) When does it happen?
c) Name the type of lens often required by the persons suffering from this
defect. Draw a labelled diagram of such lenses.
OR
Differentiate between a glass slab and a glass prism. What happens when
a narrow beam of (i) a monochromatic light and (ii) white light passes
through (a) glass slab and (b) glass prism
32 Study the following circuit and answer the questions that follows: 3
a) State the type of combination of two resistors in the circuit.
b) How much current is flowing through (i) 10 Ohms and (ii) 15 Ohms
resistor?
c) What is the ammeter reading?
SC – X – M 4 8
33 State whether an alpha particle will experience any force in a magnetic field 3
if (alpha particles are positively charged particles)
(i) it is placed in the field at rest.
(ii) it moves in the magnetic field parallel to field lines.
(iii) it moves in the magnetic field perpendicular to field lines.
Justify your answer in each case.
SECTION D
34 (i) What happens when a small piece of sodium is dropped in 5
ethanol ? Write the equation for this reaction.
(ii) Why is glacial acetic acid called so ?
(iii) What happens when ethanol is heated at 443 K in the presence
of conc. H2SO4? Write the role of conc. H2SO4 in this case.
(iv) Write an equation showing saponification.
OR
a) What is homologous series of carbon compounds? Write general
formula of alkynes. Name and draw the electron dot structure of first
homologue of this series.
b) State the meaning of the functional group in an organic compound.
Write the formula of functional group present in alcohols and
carboxylic acids.
35 A) i) Identify the given diagram. Name the parts 1 to 5. 5
ii) What is contraception? List three advantages of adopting
contraceptive measures.
OR
B) The images below show reproductive methods. Answer the following
questions.
i) What are spores? On which structures are they formed? How do they
overcome unfavourable conditions? Name the organism which multiples
with the help of these structures.
ii) Give two reasons why some plants are grown by the method of
vegetative propagation. List two methods used to grow plants
vegetatively.
SC – X – M 4 9
36 a) Though same current flows through the electric line wires and the 5
filament of bulb, yet only the filament glows. Why?
b) The temperature of the filament of bulb is 2700 °C when it glows.
Why does it not get burnt up at such high temperature?
c) The filament of an electric lamp, which draws a current of 0.25 A is
used for four hours. Calculate the amount of charge flowing through
the circuit.
d) An electric iron is rated 2 kW at 220 V. Calculate the capacity of the
fuse that should be used for the electric iron
OR
a) Find the equivalent resistance of the following circuit.
b) Two lamps, one rated 100 W; 220 V, and the other 60 W; 220 V, are
connected in parallel to electric mains supply. Find the current drawn by
two bulbs from the line, if the supply voltage is 220 V.
SECTION E (Case study )
37 Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions: 4
The reaction between MnO2 with HCl is depicted in the following diagram.
It was observed that a gas with bleaching abilities was released.
a) What type of reaction is between MnO2 and conc. HCl?
b) Which compound reacts with Cl2 to form bleaching powder?
c) Identify oxidising agent, reducing agent, substance oxidised and
substance reduced in reaction of MnO2 and HCl.
OR
d) What will happen if we take dry HCl instead of aqueous HCl? What is
colour of MnO2?
38 Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions: 4
The thyroid gland is a bilobed structure. It secretes a hormone called
thyroxine. When there is an excess of thyroxine in the body, a person
suffers from hyperthyroidism and if this gland is underactive it results in
SC – X – M 4 10
hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is diagnosed by blood tests that measure
the levels of thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
(a) Where is the thyroid gland situated in our body?
(b) Why is it advised to use iodized salt?
(c) State the function of thyroxine in the human body.
OR
(d) What is hyperthyroidism? How can we control
hypothyroidism?
39 Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions: 4
Prachi determined the focal length of device X by focusing a distant object
on the screen as shown in the above diagram.
The following table gives different positions of images and their sizes for
different positions of objects in the case of image formation by lens.
Position of object Position of image Relative size of image
At infinity At focus F2 Highly diminished and
point sized
Beyond 2F1 Between F2 and 2F2 Diminished
At 2F1 At 2F2 Same size
Between F1 and 2F1 Beyond 2F2 Enlarged
At focus F1 At infinity Infinitely large or highly
enlarged
Between focus F1 On the same size of Enlarged
and optical centre O the lens as the object
Based on the diagram and table, answer the following questions.
a) In the diagram, what is the device X and the distance d?
b) What will be the nature of the image, if an object is placed at infinity?
c) If the magnification of the converging lens is +1, then write the nature of
the image.
OR
Calculate the focal length of a lens for an object placed 50 cm from the
lens producing a virtual image at a distance of 10 cm in front of the lens.
SC – X – M 4 11