Electronics Devices & Circuits (DI01009011)
Date: ……………
Practical No.3: Test characteristics of full wave centre tapped using CRO
A. Objective: Half wave rectifier mostly used as a power supply in many applications
because of being lightweight and highly efficient. The objective of this experiment is to
examine characteristics of a Full Wave Rectifiers. Also to calculate value of ripple
factor and efficiency and verify with practical results.
B. Practical Outcome(PRo)
1. Measure output voltage with and without filter.
2. Practically verify relation between output and input voltage
3. Practically verify value of ripple factor and efficiency.
C. Expected Affective domain Outcome (ADos)
1. Work as a leader/ a team member (while performing experiments).
2. Follow ethical practices.
D. Prerequisite Theory:
DC and AC voltage and current serve for the power requirement of wide verity
of electronic device, but for certain application only DC supply is needed.
Rectifier is a device which converts AC supply into DC. A full wave rectifier is
one which converts ac voltage into dc voltage utilizing both half cycles of the
applied ac.
Full Wave centre tapped rectifier:
A centre tap transformer is required for the full wave rectifier circuit. During the
positive half cycle of the ac voltage, the end A of the secondary winding
becomes positive so diode D1 will be forward biased and diode D2 reverse
biased. The conventional current flow is through diode D 1, load resistor RL and
the upper half of secondary winding. During the negative half-cycle, diode D 2
conducts while diode D1 does not. The conventional current flow is through
diode D2, load RL and lower half winding. The current in the load R L is in the
same direction for both half-cycles of input ac voltage so dc is obtained across
the load RL.
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Electronics Devices & Circuits (DI01009011)
For full eave rectifier the ripple factor is 0.48. The ripple frequency is twice the
supply frequency.
The maximum value of the rectification efficiency is 81.2 %.
For full wave rectifier,
Output DC voltage= Vdc = 2Vm/ π
Ripple Factor:
Irms = Im/ √2
Idc = 2Im/π
R.F = √ (Irms / Idc)2 -1
R.F = √ (Im/√ 2/ 2Im / π)2 -1
= 0.48
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Electronics Devices & Circuits (DI01009011)
Rectification Efficiency:
The rectification efficiency of the full-wave rectifier can be obtained using the following
formula:
The efficiency of the full wave rectifiers is 81.2%.
η = Pdc/Pac
= I 2 RL/I 2
R = (I /( )2 = (V /V )2
dc rms L dc Irms dc rms
= 81.2%
WAVEFORMS:-
E. Experimental set up:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Full Wave centre tapped rectifier:
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Electronics Devices & Circuits (DI01009011)
Draw Circuit Diagram Here
F. Resources/Equipment Required
[Link]. Instrument/Equipment
Specification Quantity
/Components/Trainer kit
1 Step Down Transformer 230V/12-0-12 V, 1000mA 1 NO.
2 Dual Trace CRO -- 1 NO.
3 Bread Board -- 1 NO.
4 Diode 1N4007 1 NO.
5 Carbon Resistor 1KΩ ; 1W 1 NO.
6 Capacitor 50 µf 1 NO.
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Electronics Devices & Circuits (DI01009011)
G. Safety and necessary Precautions followed
[Link] not switch ON the power supply unless you have checked the circuit
connectionsas per the circuit diagram.
2. Be careful to put multi meter setting in AC/DC while measuring input/output.
[Link] performing the experiment, do not exceed the current rating of circuit
beyond the rated value, it may lead to damaging the diode.
H. Procedure to be followed/Source code:
1. Connect the circuit of centre tapped full wave rectifiers as shown in circuit diagram.
2. Set The C.R.O. using different control knob.
3. Connect the patch code of the CRO. to circuit as per the circuit diagram
4. Switch on the supply
5. Observe and draw the wave form of AC. input voltage and pulsating DC. Output
voltage across load resistance RL (with and without filter).
6. Measure AC. input voltage and pulsating DC output voltage.
7. Measure AC. input current and pulsating DC output current.
8. Switch off the supply.
9. Calculate the value of output voltage, rectification efficiency and ripple factor.
10. Compare above data with practical values.
11. Repeat above procedure for Full Wave Bridge Rectifier.( in next experiment )
I. Observations and Calculations:
Sr. Load Vrms Vm Irms Vdc Idc Vdc (With
No. Resistancd (V) (V) (mA) (V) (mA) Filter Cap.)
(RL) KΩ
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Electronics Devices & Circuits (DI01009011)
Calculations:
Vdc= 2Vm/ π
Rectification efficiency (η)
Ripple factor (R.F.)
J. Interpretation of Results
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K. Conclusion
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L. Practical related Questions.
1. Define PIV and state its value for centre tapped FW rectifier and FW Bridge
rectifier.
2. State the difference between centre tapped FW rectifier and FW Bridge
rectifier.
3.
4. State the applications of full wave rectifier.
Sign of faculty with Date
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