साम and निराम लक्षण ‘s of िैरारोग
GUIDED BY. - DR. SUCHITRA
CONTENT
1. Indtroduction
2. Classification
3. साम lakshanas of नेत्ररोग
4. ननराम lakshanas of नेत्ररोग
5. Articles
6. Understanding the role of आम in the management of नेत्ररोग
7. सप्रं नि of नेत्ररोग in relation with आम
8. Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
• साम अवस्त
सामेि तेि संयक्
ु ता दोषा दषू यााः च दषू षतााः । सामा इनत उपददश्यन्ते ये च रोगााः तद् उद्भवााः ॥ अ.हृ.स.ू १३॥
When any element of the body is associated with ama, it will be called saama. Saama = sa + ama i.e.
With association of ama.
• निराम अवस्त
When any element of the body is not associated with ama, it will be called niraama. Niraama = nir +
ama i.e. Without the association of ama.
CLASSIFICATION
Acharya sushruta, Madhava
nidana ,Yogaratnakara,
Videha . 76
Acharya vagbhata,
Sharangadhara samhita.
94
Acharya bhavamishra .
78
CLASSIFICATION
Based on िेत्र अवयव Based on दोष
संनिगत 9 वातज 10
वर्त्म गत 21 नित्तज 10
शक्
ु लगत 11 कफज 13
कृष्णागत 4
रक्तज 16
दृष्ष्िगत 12
सन्नी िातज 25
सवमगत बाह्य 2
17
बाह्य 2
CLASSIFICATION
Based on निनित्सा Based on साद्य असाद्यता
छे द्य 11 साद्य 52
भेद्य 5
लेख्य 9 याप्य 7
वेद्य 15
असाद्य 17
अशस्त्रकृत 12
यप्य 7
असाद्य 17
साम, निराम लक्षण OF िेत्ररोग
• REFERENCE - ्ादव निधाि
- 59 CHAPTER
- नेत्ररोग ननदानम्
साम लक्षण‘S OF िेत्ररोग
• उदीणणवेदिं िेत्रं राग शोथसमन्न्वतम ् |घषण - निस्तोद -शल ु ुक्तमामान्न्वतं षवदाःु ||
ू ाश्रय
१२ ||
• THE FOLLOWING ARE THE FEATURES OF THE IMMATURE (AMA) STAGE OF EYE
AFFLICTIONS:
• Pain that increases progressively,
•
• Redness of the eyeballs
•
• Swelling,
•
• Irritation and Pricking pain and flow of tears.
निराम लक्षण’S OF िेत्ररोग
• मन्दवेदिता कण्ुाः संरम्भाश्रप्र
ु शान्तता | प्रशस्तवणणत ा चाक्षणोाः संपक्वं दोषमाददशेत ् || १३ ||
• THE FOLLOWING ARE THE FEATURES THAT ARE MANIFESTED DURING THE
RIPENED (PAKVA) STAGE OF EYE DISEASES:
Reduction on the degree of
• pain,
• Irritation
• Swelling, and
• the amount of tears as well as the colour of the eyes returning to normalcy.
ARTICLES
• UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF AMA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF NETRA ROGA
• Dr. Shikha Sharma,
• Dr. Rajendra Kumar Soni,
• Dr. Prabhakar Vardhan
• Dr. Gulab Chand PamnaniMS
• A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF NIDANA FOR NETRA ROGAS AS EXPLAINED BY
DIFFERENT AYURVEDA INSTIGATORS IN THE SPECIFIC CONTEXT OF NETRA SHALAKYA
UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF AMA IN
THE MANAGEMENT OF NETRA ROGA
• In Ayurveda, the concept of Ama is well described by our Acharyas.
•
• Ama is assumed to be the root cause of many diseases .
•
• Similarly, in contemporary science, a significant amount of attention has been given toward free
radical chemistry theory in recent years and is known for the root cause of many diseases.
•
• The human eye is constantly subjected to oxidative stress due to daily exposure to sunlight, high
metabolic activity and oxygen tension.
•
• Previously many research and literary reviews have been published to establish the same nature of
Ama & free radical,
•
• this article summarizes the role of Ama in causing Netra Gata Roga and its management.
•
• Management of Ama includes Langhana. Deepana, Pachana & Doshamısar Shodhana
•
• and as the root cause of eye diseases can also be Mandagni,,Ama Pachana chikitsa should be the
first line of treatment.
• Drishti of the eye is the core of five Mahabhutas with the predominance of Tejo Mahabhuta.
• Also, Dravyas of Chakshurendriya has been quoted as Tejo Mahabhuta by Acharya Charaka in
Sutrasthana.
• It is called as Tejobhiravyaye.
• Here also the presence of Agni is significant for Darshan vyapad, and if there is a weakness in this Agni,
vision will not be adequately perceived by the Netra.
• Various metabolic processes occurring in the body is described under 13 types of Agni.
• Ama can be produced at any level according to the Agni involved.
• Jatharagni is responsible for acting at the level of GIT,
• Dhatwagni is responsible for specific tissue metabolism &
• Bhutagni is responsible for metabolism at the molecular level.
• As Agni is recognizable at above 13 levels, Ama should also be recognized at all these level which proves
that Ama is not a single entity and that it can cause diseases at any level including eyes.
EYE AND OXIDATIVE STRESS-
• Oxidative stress has the most important role in causing chronic and degenerative disorders.
• Majority of free radicals are oxygen free radicals & are known as ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species),
• Generation of these ROS & resultant oxidative stress has been implicated in causing numerous eye
diseases such senile cataract, age-related macular degeneration, uveitis, premature retinopathy,
keratitis, and ocular inflammation.
• The retina is susceptible to ROS because of high-energy demands and exposure to light.
• In Dhatwagnimandya, Ama is accumulated at the tissue level and this can be correlated with the
generation of ROS & AGE (Advanced Glycation End-products) which can lead to the development of
Diabetic Retinopathy.
• Oxidative stress acts significant role in age-related macular degeneration and cataracts by changing
various cell types in the eye either photochemically or nonphotochemical.
• Free radical causes cataract by cross link and agreegating crystalline proteins in the lens
• All these factors vitiates Tridosha and also causes Jathragnimandya which in turn result in the
formation of Ama .
• Vega vidharuna of natural urges like Mootra, Vata, Vit, Jrimbha, Kshavathu have a deliberate
effect on the eyes.
• Ama has the ability to obstruct microchannels, and after initial manifestation on G.l. Tract, it
reaches the systemic circulation in later stage.
• In case of eyes, it enters the circulation with the help of Vata and through Siraanusarana as
stated in Samanya Netra Roga Samprapti it reaches the eye, where there is Khavaigunya
because of similarity in Nidana of Ama and Netra roga (there will be weakness), it gets
Sthanasamshraya in the eyes and causes various diseases
संप्राप्ती OF िेत्ररोग IN RELATION WITH आम
• Agnimandya janaka (Netra roga janaka nidana sevan)
• Tridosha prakopa
• Agni daurbalya (jhatharagni, dharwagni, bhutagni)
• Improper digestion of food
• Improper metabolism of Rasa Datu
• Ama Utpatti (Sanchaya)
• Prakopa of Ama
• Circulation of Ama (Siraamsarana) (prasar)
• Sthana samshraya due to Khavagunye in eye
• Manifestation of eye diseases( purvaroopa & Roopavastha)
According to ACHARYA CHARAKA
• for treatment first Sama-Nirama condition should be examined.
• Choice of therapy also depends on Sama & Niramavastha of disease
• As in Kriyakalpa, Seka & Aschyotana are used in Samavastha
• while Anjana & Tarpana are used in Niramavastha of Netra roga. Different treatment principles are
advised for Sama and Niruma condition.
• In Samaavastha Apatarpan is primary treatment whereas in Niramawastha Samtarpana is
prescribed.
• The knowledge of Sama and Nirama is necessary to avoid all kind of vyapada while treating the
patient
CONCLUSION
• Ama vast term that is indigested, unwanted biochemical it resembles a lot with free radical.
• Free radical can be regarded as Ama, but Ama can not be entirely assessed under free radical
concept.
• Ama also acts an antigen or foreign body which causes various autoimmune diseases defence
against those antigen.
• As Acharya vagbhata states, "Roga Sarve Api Mande Agno", ie, every disease in caused by
Ama so first line of treatment in netragata Roga is also Ama Pachana.
• Ama has a significant role in causing eye diseases and pathogenesis of such diseases .