Scribd
Upload
33 views11 pages

Build RAG with Python: A Complete Guide

The document outlines the concept of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) using plain Python, emphasizing its components such as file uploading, chunking, embeddings, and vector databases. It describes the RAG pipeline, which includes retrieving relevant content to produce grounded answers with less hallucination. Key tips for implementation are provided, focusing on chunk size, retrieval coverage, and answer generation accuracy.

Uploaded by

apurvapatil1334
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
33 views11 pages

Build RAG with Python: A Complete Guide

The document outlines the concept of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) using plain Python, emphasizing its components such as file uploading, chunking, embeddings, and vector databases. It describes the RAG pipeline, which includes retrieving relevant content to produce grounded answers with less hallucination. Key tips for implementation are provided, focusing on chunk size, retrieval coverage, and answer generation accuracy.

Uploaded by

apurvapatil1334
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

RAG WITH

A Hands-On

RAG WITH
PYTHON
PYTHON
Stop Using Frameworks.
Build RAG using plain Python.
What is RAG?

RAG = Retrieval-Augmented Generation

What it does:
Finds relevant content from your files
Feeds that content to the LLM
Produces grounded answers (less hallucination)

RAG Pipeline:
Document → Chunking → Embeddings → Vector DB →
Retrieval → GPT Answer

Installation
Core Components

File Upload / Load Text:

Load knowledge from files (TXT, PDF, docs, policies)

Chunking:

Break large documents into smaller, meaningful

chunks

Embeddings:

Convert text chunks into numerical vectors

representing meaning

Vector Database:

Store embeddings and enable fast similarity search

Retrieval:

Find top-K most relevant chunks for a user query

Generation:

Generate answers using only the retrieved context


File Uploading

What it does:
Uploads a text file into Colab
Reads it into a Python string

Implementation

Chunking

What it does:
Splits the document into smaller parts (chunks)
Why needed:
Embedding models + LLMs have token limits
Smaller chunks = more accurate retrieval
Big document → hard to search directly
Implementation

Embeddings

What it does:
Converts each chunk into a vector
Similar meaning → vectors are closer
Why needed:
Vector search finds “meaning”, not just keywords
Vector Database (ChromaDB)

What it does:
Stores embeddings + original chunks
Enables fast similarity search
Why ChromaDB:
Lightweight + simple
Runs locally in Colab
Great for learning + prototypes

Implementation

→ Connects Python to ChromaDB


Client Initialization
Persist Directory → Stores vectors locally
Collection Creation → Holds embeddings for search
Store Chunks in ChromaDB

What it does:
Saves each chunk with:
id
document
embedding

Implementation

Behind the scenes:


Chroma builds a vector index for similarity search
User Query

What it does:
Takes user question
Converts it to an embedding vector

Implementation

Retrieval (Vector Search)

What it does:
Finds most relevant chunks using similarity
How it works:
Query → embedding
Compare with stored embeddings
Return top-k matches
Implementation

Generation

What it does:
GPT answers based ONLY on retrieved context
System Rule:
“Use context only. If not present, say you don’t
know.”
Implementation

Key tips
Chunking:
Keep chunks small enough for precision
Increase size if answers feel incomplete
Retrieval:
Try top_k = 3 to 5 for better coverage
Generation:
Keep temperature low for factual answers
Want more
content like this?

Tap that follow button and


stay in the loop!

Like Comment Share Save

You might also like