Model questions on Probability
Made by Sadhan sir on September 2021
On 1st part
1. In rolling two fair dice, what is the probability of obtaining a sum greater than 3 and not exceeding 6.[Ans: 1/3] 2
2. What is the probability to obtain at least one six in rolling three fair dice? [Ans:0.4219] 2
3. Consider a game which involves tossing of five fair dice. Calculate the probability that number 4 appears
uppermost (i) inexactly one dice, (ii) in exactly two dice, (ii) in exactly five dice, (iv) in none of five dice and (v)
in at least one dice. 5
4. (i) The probabilities of independent events are 𝑝1 , 𝑝2 … 𝑝𝑛 . Find the expression for the probability that at least one
events would happen. (ii)Hence find the expression to find the chance of obtaining at least one six (6) in a throw
of four dice. [Ans: 1 − {(1 − 𝑝1 )(1 − 𝑝2 ) … (1 − 𝑝𝑛 )}; 0.5169] 2+2
5. The overall percentage of failure in an examination is 20%. If 6 candidates appear in the examination what is the
probability that at least 5 passes? [Ans: 0.8192] 2
6. A box containing 10 articles is likely to have 2 defectives. In a consignment of 100 boxes, how many of them are
expected to have three or less defectives? [Ans: 87] 2
1 1 1
7. A problem of physics is given to three students A, B, C whose chance of solving it , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 respectively. What
2 3 4
is the probability that the problem will be solved? [Ans: ¾] 2
8. 6 cards are drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards. What is the probability that 3 will be red and 3 will be
black? [Ans: 0.33] 2
9. If a certain kind of tire has a life exceeding 30,000 miles with probability 0.9. What is the probability that a set of
these tires on a car will last longer 30,000 miles? [Ans: 0.65] 2
On 2nd part
10. Define mean, median, mode. 3
11. Find the expression of variance and standard deviation. 2
12. For a random variable X, one finds < 𝑋 > = 2 and < 𝑋 2 > = 8 . Find the standard deviation 𝑥 . 2
13. Write Binomial and Poisson distribution function. 2
14. Find out mean and standard deviation of Binomial distribution. 2+2
15. Six coins are tossed simultaneously. What is the probability of (i) 2 heads and (ii) at least 2 heads? 2+2
[CU-2014] {Ans: 15\64, 57\64]
16. Derive Poisson distribution from Binomial distribution. 3
1
𝑒 −𝜆 𝜆𝑥
17. Show that for Poisson distribution 𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑥!
for x = 0, 1, 2, ..., 𝑉𝑎𝑟(𝑋) = 𝐸(𝑋 2 ) − (𝐸(𝑋))2 = 𝜆, where
𝐸(𝑋) = ∑∞
𝑥=0 𝑥𝑝(𝑥). 3
18. A particle undergoes SHM with amplitude A and angular frequency w. Calculate the probability that the particle
will be found at a distance x to x+dx from the equilibrium position. [Cu-2012, 2020]
19. Given the density function 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑘𝑥 2 𝑓𝑜𝑟 0 < 𝑥 < 3 and
= 0, otherwise
(i) Find the value of k
(ii) Compute P (1 < 𝑥 < 2)
(iii) Find the distribution function and use it to find P (1 < 𝑥 ≤ 2). 4
20. Let X be a random variable having a normalized density function
𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝐶𝑒 −𝑥 𝑓𝑜𝑟 ≥ 0
= 0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒 [CU-2021]
Find: (i) the value of | C | where C is a constant. (ii) the variance 2 . (iii) the probability P(1 x 2). 2+2+2
21. Write Normal distribution and draw the function. Point meridian and mode in the graph.
22. Find out mean and standard deviation of normal distribution. 2+2
2 /(2𝜎2 ) 1
23. If 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝐴𝑒 −(𝑥−𝜇) is a probability density function, then show that 𝐴 = . 2+2
𝜎√2𝜋
−(𝑥−µ)2
1
24. If 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝜎√2𝜋 𝑒 2𝜎2 is a probability density function find out the mean and variance of this distribution. 4