INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

WINDOWS 10

PREPARED BY ING MOHAMED P. KAMARA (ARTETA)

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 MAJOR COMPONENTS NEEDED TO SET UP A STANDARD DESKTOP

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 1. FIRST KNOW YOUR COMPUTER COMPONENTS/PARTS
BEFORE PROCEEDING

1.1 THE SYSTEM UNIT

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 1.2 THE MOUSE:

1.3 THE KEYBOARD:

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 1.4 THE MONITOR OR SCREEN

1.5. EXTERNAL CONNECTORS (CABLES)

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5
 2. KNOW HOW TO CONNECTION YOUR DESKTOP
COMPUTER

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 2.1 Differences Between A Desktop and A Laptop Computer

Desktop Computer Laptop Computer

It is not portable It is Portable

It is Less Expensive than laptop It is more Expensive that Desktop

More weight Less weight

Use more space Use less space

Cannot store electrical current because it has Can store electrical current because it has a
no battery. Instead it uses direct current. battery

2.2 Steps or Procedures to Follow in Connecting A Desktop Computer

Perform the following procedures
NOTE: You MUST have an Electrical Power Supply with the following Voltages for
different regions/Continents /Countries.
➢
North America, Japan, and a few other regions: 110–120V (AC) at 50/60Hz.
➢
Europe, Asia, Africa, and most other regions: 220–240V (AC) at 50/60Hz.

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 Most modern desktop power supplies are equipped with automatic voltage switching or a
manual switch to adapt to the local voltage. Internally, the power supply converts AC
voltage to DC voltages (e.g., 3.3V, 5V, and 12V) required by the computer's components.

Ensure your power supply unit (PSU) matches the voltage in your region or use a voltage
adapter/Regulator if necessary.

STEP-1: Switch off the Power switch/Socket in the Wall that is connected from the main
Power Source closer to the area where you want to connect and operate with the
desktop computer
STEP -2: Connect an Extension to the switch/Socket in the Wall of the building.

STEP-3: Connect the two power supply cables needed for the system unit and the
Monitor/Screen into the holes of the extension.

STEP-4: Connect the power supply cables, one into the system unit and the other into the
monitor at the back of the system unit and the back bottom of the monitor.

STEP-5: Connect the Video Graphic Adaptor (VGA) or HDMI using both ends (The
Male VGA/HDMI), One end should be connected into the Female
VGA/HDMI at the back of the System unit in blue color and the other end
should be connected into the Female VGA/HDMI into the Monitor/Screen
always at the back bottom part in blue color also. (Blue to Blue).

STEP-6: Connect the Keyboard and Mouse Male Universal Serial Bus (USB)
in the Female USB ports at the back of the system unit or even at the
front if there are enough USB ports at the front of the system unit.
STEP-7 (optional): If you want to Use peripheral Devices like Printer, Webcam, Speaker,
Scanner etc. you can use the remaining USB ports to connect all these ones, or
the ports provided for that purpose e.g. like the Audio port for the speaker.

STEP-8: Return in step-1 Switch-On the socket in the wall connecting from the main power
supply.

STEP-9: Finally, Power on both the system unit and the monitor/screen, there is a
special button that has a Zero and number one (1) or dot at the middle of the
Zero (o) that is the power button, locate it and press it once to power on the,
computer.

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 2.3 Symbols of the Mower Button

3. GETTING STARTED WITH WINDOWS 10 PROPER

3.1 LOGIN OR PUT YOUR COMPUTER PASSWORD.
After powering on or putting on your computer, if the computer is set with password, you MUST
enter that password before you can get access to the computer account. One has to remember
the password of your computer always before opening it. Just like how you remember your
mobile phone password. If the computer goes into sleep or hibernation or you the lid (for a
laptop computer), when waking it or raise the lid(screen), you have to put the password again.
NOTE: You MUST always remember your computer. The purpose of setting a password to your
computer for not allowing an unauthorize person to get into your computer.

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 3.2 LOCK THE COMPUTER
To lock your computer, click on the start button on the left side of the taskbar, then the power button
symbol, and then click on the word lock/sleep. The computer will automatically turn dark, but it is not off.
Or use the keyboard shortcut buttons WIN + L to lock it. To unlock again strike the spacebar key, or
press the power button once, the screen will light enter password before you can use the computer
again.

3.3 LOG OUT IN YOUR COMPUTER ACCOUNT:

You can sign out of your account after completing your work, and other people can logged
into their account. To sign out of your account click on the start button. Click on the power
button symbol, click on the name of your account and then click on the word Sign Out.

3.4. RESTART THE COMPUTER:

Sometimes you must face problems while using a computer. When using a computer, suddenly it
gets stuck or stop responding to clicking and dragging or become stiffed. It can slow down., At

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 that time, you may need to restart your computer. In addition, if you install or update a
new application in the computer, then there may be a need to restart your computer also.

To restart the computer, click on the start button, then click on the power button symbol,
then click on the word Restart. Or Shortcut is Ctrl + Alt + Delete. It will take some little
time. It will shoot off itself and come on again on its own. Do not touch or press any
key/button. After it has powered on, allow it for some seconds or a minute before start
using it, in this process it will be normal if it has no hardware or software problem.

3.5 SHOOT DOWN THE COMPUTER

After using the computer, you must safely turn down both the Monitor and the System of the
computer for using it the next time to save Power and energy.

3.5.1 For the System Unit and Laptop Computer

To turn off or shoot down click on the start button on the taskbar, and then click on the
shoot down. It will shoot down. You cannot use the computer again without turning it on.
3.5.2 For the Monitor/Screen of a desktop computer
Turn it off where you power it on press on the power button once, it will go off.

NOTE: Do not shoot down the computer on the power button where you used to power it on. It
will damage the hard disk drive and some components. The computer will shoot down if you
use the power button to turn it off also, but you cannot press it once. Unless you continuously
or firmly press the power button before the computer goes off. In this process continuously of
firmly pressing the power button, you will also damage the power button. In the end, you cannot
use it again unless a computer hardware technician changes it for which will cost you money.

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 1.
Let

4. EXPLORING THE START MENU

Task: Open and customize the Start Menu.

a) Click the Start Button in the bottom-left corner.

b) Pin/unpin apps to the Start Menu.
c) Right-click on any app and select Pin to Start.
d) Resize tiles by right-clicking and selecting Resize
e) Search for apps or files using the search bar.

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 4.1 USING CORTANA
Cortana is an embedded Artificial Intelligence (AI) computer helper that help to direct you in
anything in the computer that you don’t understand. You ask Cortana by either typing or making a
voice record the then Cortana will respond to you base on what whatever you ask her. You MUST
have Internet connected to your computer before you can have access to cortana

Task: Interact with Cortana.

a) Enable Cortana (if not already enabled):

b) Click the Search Bar > Settings > Enable Cortana.
c) Give voice commands or type queries (e.g., "Set a reminder for tomorrow").
d) Explore its integration with apps like Calendar.

5. THE TASKBAR
Located at the bottom of the screen by default but can be moved to the sides or top.

Provides quick access to open apps, pinned programs, system notifications, and the Start menu.

5.1 Parts of The Taskbar

1. Start Button

Opens the Start menu for accessing installed programs, system settings, and search functionality.
2. Search Bar
Allows you to search for apps, files, or web results directly from the taskbar.
3. Task View
Displays all open windows and virtual desktops.
4. Shortcut: Win + Tab
5. Pinned Applications

Frequently used apps can be pinned for quick access by right clicking an app and selecting "Pin to
Taskbar".
6. System Tray

Located on the far-right, includes the clock, volume, network, and other background system icons.

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 6. WORKING WITH VIRTUAL DESKTOPS
This shows all the desktops of the applications or program you have open when you click
on it.
Task: Create and switch between virtual desktops.

a) Open Task View by pressing Windows + Tab or clicking the Task View icon.
b) Click New Desktop to create a virtual desktop.
c) Drag open apps to the new desktop.
d) Switch between desktops by selecting them in Task View.

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 7. MANAGING NOTIFICATIONS IN ACTION CENTER
Task: Access and clear notifications.

a) Click the Action Centre icon on the Taskbar.

b) Review notifications and click on one to open it.
c) Clear notifications using the Clear All button.
d) Toggle quick settings like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or Focus Assist.

8. USING WINDOWS SETTINGS

Task: Customize system settings.

a) Open Settings using Windows + I or from the Start Menu.

b) Explore different categories:
c) System: Adjust display and power settings.
d) Personalization: Change the desktop background and themes.
e) Accounts: Add Or Remove User Accounts.

9. SECURITY WITH WINDOWS DEFENDER

Task: Run a security scan.

a) Open Windows Security from the Start Menu.

b) Navigate to Virus & Threat Protection.
c) Click Quick Scan to check your system for threats.

10. MANAGING APPS AND PROGRAMS

Task: Install and uninstall an app.

a) Open the Microsoft Store.

b) Search for and install an app (e.g., Calculator+).

c) To uninstall, go to Settings > Apps, select the app, and click Uninstall.

11. FILE MANAGEMENT

Task: Create, organize, and search files.

a) Open File Explorer using Windows + E.

b) Create a new folder: Right-click > New > Folder.

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 c) Move a file into the folder using drag-and-drop.
d) Use the search bar to find a specific file.

12. WINDOWS UPDATES

Task: Check for updates.

a) Go to Settings > Update & Security > Windows Update.

b) Click Check for updates.
c) Install available updates and restart the system if prompted.

13. PERSONALIZATION
Task: Customize the desktop.

a) Right-click on the desktop and select Personalize.

b) Change the background (picture, solid color, or slideshow).
c) Adjust Taskbar settings (e.g., auto-hide).

13.1 Set Desktop Background

1. Right-click on the desktop and select Personalize.

2. In the Background section:
1) Choose Picture, Solid colour, or Slideshow.
2) If selecting a picture, click Browse to choose an image.
3) If using a slideshow, click Browse to select a folder with
images and set the change interval.
3. Close the settings window, and the background will be applied.

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 13.2 Set Screen Saver

1. Press Win + S, type Screen Saver, and select Change screen saver.
2. In the Screen Saver Settings window:
1) Choose a screensaver from the drop-down menu (e.g.,
Blank, 3D Text, Photos, etc.).
2) Click Settings to customize the screensaver.
3) Set the Wait time (how long before the screensaver activates).

4) Check On resume, display logon screen if you want to

require a password when returning.
3. Click Apply and OK.

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 13.3 Steps to Set Computer Time and Date in Windows 10
1. Set Time Automatically (Recommended)

1) Press Win + I to open Settings.

2) Click Time & Language > Date & Time.
3) Toggle Set time automatically to On.
4) If your time is incorrect, toggle it Off, then back On to force an update.

2. Set Time Manually

1) Press Win + I to open Settings.

2) Go to Time & Language > Date & Time.
3) Toggle Set time automatically to Off.
4) Click Change under Set the date and time manually.
5) Adjust the date and time, then click Change.

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 3. Sync Time with Internet (Alternative)

1. In Date & Time settings, scroll down to Synchronize your clock.

2. Click Sync now to update the time from Microsoft servers.

4. Change Time Zone (If needed)

1. In Date & Time settings, go to Time zone.

2. Select the correct time zone from the dropdown list.

After making changes, restart your PC if needed. Let me know if you need more help!

[Link] THE CONTROL PANEL

This is the area all the computer settings are being located

Task: Open the Control Panel.

Press Windows + R, type control, and hit Enter.
Alternatively, search for Control Panel in the Start Menu.

14.1 Set the View By option to Category, Large Icons, or Small Icons
for better navigation.
Click on category in the small dropdown arrow, you will see these two options.
➢
Large Icons
➢
Small Icons
Then click on large icons to see al the embedded parts of the control panel.

14.2 Adjusting System Settings

Task: Change the date and time.

i. Navigate to Clock and Region > Date and Time.

ii. Click Change Date and Time to update settings.
iii. Set your time zone and enable automatic synchronization if required.

14.3Managing User Accounts

Task: Add a new user account.

i. Go to User Accounts > User Accounts.

ii. Click Manage Another Account and select Add a new user in PC settings.
iii. Follow the prompts to create a new account.

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 14.4 Adjusting Display Settings
Task: Change screen resolution.

i. Open Appearance and Personalization > Display

ii. Click Adjust Resolution.

iii. Select a resolution from the drop-down menu and click Apply.

14.5 Managing Programs

Task: Uninstall a program.

i. Go to Programs > Programs and Features.

ii. Select a program and click Uninstall.
iii. Follow the prompts to remove the program.

14.6 Configuring Network Settings

Task: Set up a new network connection.

i. Open Network and Internet > Network and Sharing Centre.

ii. Click Set up a new connection or network.
iii. Follow the wizard to configure your connection.

14.7 Managing Hardware and Devices

Task: Add a new printer.

i. Navigate to Hardware and Sound > Devices and Printers.

ii. Click Add a printer.
iii. Follow the instructions to connect the printer to your system.

14.8 Configuring Power Options

Task: Change the power plan.

i. Open Hardware and Sound > Power Options.

ii. Select a predefined power plan (e.g., Balanced, Power Saver).

iii. Click Change Plan Settings to customize sleep and display settings.

14.9 Managing Storage

Task: Free up disk space.

i. Go to System and Security > Administrative Tools.

ii. Click Disk Cleanup.

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 iii. Select the drive and files to clean up, then click OK.

14.10 Configuring Security Settings

Task: Check firewall status.

i. Navigate to System and Security > Windows Defender Firewall.

ii. Check if the firewall is enabled.

iii. To allow an app through the firewall, click Allow an App or Feature Through Windows Firewall.

14.11 Troubleshooting
Task: Use troubleshooting tools.

i. Go to System and Security > Troubleshooting.

ii. Click on specific troubleshooting categories, such as Internet or Hardware.
iii. Follow the on-screen steps to diagnose and resolve issues.

14.12 Setting Up Accessibility Options

Task: Enable high contrast mode.

i. Open Ease of Access > Ease of Access Centre.

ii. Click Make the Computer Easier to See.
iii. Enable Turn on High Contrast.

14.13 Configuring Regional Settings

Task: Change language preferences.

i. Go to Clock and Region > Region.

ii. Under Formats, select your desired format (e.g., Date, Time).
iii. In the Administrative tab, set the system locale.

14.14Restoring System Settings

Task: Use System Restore.

i. Navigate to System and Security > System.

ii. Click System Protection on the left panel.
iii. Select System Restore, choose a restore point, and follow the prompts.

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 14.15 Expandable to show hidden icons.
1. Action Centre
Accessed via the speech bubble icon. Displays notifications and quick settings like Wi-Fi,
brightness, and Bluetooth.

[Link]
Resize/Move the Taskbar

Drag the taskbar to the desired side of the screen or right-click it and unlock it first.

3. Auto-Hide

Right-click the taskbar > Taskbar settings > Enable Automatically hide the taskbar in desktop
mode.

4. Change Color

Go to Settings > Personalization > Colors and select your preferred taskbar color.

5. Pin/Unpin Items

Drag icons from the desktop or Start menu to the taskbar for pinning.

6. Keyboard Shortcuts

➢
Win + T: Cycle through taskbar items.
➢
Win + 1-9: Open pinned apps corresponding to their position.

➢
Alt + Tab: Switch between open applications.

7. Useful Tips

➢
Jump Lists: Right-click on a taskbar icon to access recently used files or tasks.
➢
Peek at Desktop: Hover over the far-right edge of the taskbar to see the desktop.

➢
Lock the Taskbar: Right-click and select "Lock the Taskbar" to prevent accidental
changes

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 [Link] TYPING
Before one can start typing, he or she MUST understands the keyword. It
the input device that we used to type document into the computer. The
computer has an internal keyboard embedded in the operating system.
It also has an external keyboard that we frequently or purely used to
type document. Let dive into the keyboard.

15.1 THE KEYBOARD:

Definition of the Keyboard
The keyboard is an input device that is used to send data into
the computer. Its cable must be connected to a port of the system unit
before it can operate. It is like an ordinary typewriter keyboard. The
keyboard is used mainly to enter alphabets from A – Z, numeric digits 0

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 – 9 and special signs and punctuation marks such as ( ), +, %, !etc.
This device converts numbers, letters, and special characters that people
understand into electrical signals. These signals are sent to and
processed by the CPU. It is the most important input device.

The design of a computer keyboard is like that of a typewriter

keyboard, in that the keyboard maker has designed the keyboard in
such a way that it helps the user to type quickly.

TYPES OF KEYBOARDS

There are two types of keyboards. These are:

1. Standard keyboard

2. Enhanced keyboard

STANDARD KEYBOARD
This is a keyboard that has between 84 – 89 keys. It has 10
function keys and 4 arrow keys.
ENHANCED KEYBOARD

This keyboard has between 101 – 104 keys. It has 12 function

keys and 8 arrow keys.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF KEYBOARDS

1. Multimedia keyboard.
2. Programming keyboard.
3. Cordless keyboard.
SECTIONS OF THE KEYBOARD

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 The keyboard is divided into sections namely:

(i) The numeric keys

(ii) The alphabetic keys

(iii) Function keys

(iv) Arrow keys

(v) Special keys

THE NUMERIC KEYS

This is used for fast entering of numeric data. It is located on

the right side of the keyboard and contains numbers 0-9. The
numeric key is active when Num Lock Key is on.

ALPHABETIC KEYS

These are keys with letters A-Z. The alphabetic keys are 26 in
number.

FUNCTION KEYS

These are the keys labelled F1 – F12 and are essentially used to
perform special functions on the computer. They serve
different purposes depending on which application is being
used. Function keys are used in conjunction with other keys.

ARROW KEYS

They are navigation keys used to control the cursor either up or

down, right or left on the screen.

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 SPECIAL KEYS

They are used to perform special functions. They include:

(a) Shift key (b) Control key (Ctrl) (c) Alternate key (Alt) (d)
Caps lock key (e) Enter key (f) Backspace key (g) Tab key
(h) Space bar key which is the longest key on the keyboard (i)
Insert key (j) Delete key, etc.

CONCLUSION

The keyboard is an input device used to send data into

the computer. We have learnt that there are two types of
keyboards which are Standard Keyboard and Enhanced
Keyboard.

There are also five sections on the keyboard which are:

Numeric keys, Alphabetic keys, Function keys, Arrow keys and
Special keys.

EVALUATION

1a. What is a keyboard?

1b. List the TWO types of keyboards.

2a. Mention any THREE sections of the keyboard.

2b. List any FIVE special keys on the keyboard.

READING ASSIGNMENT

A Handbook on Computer Studies (Practical Guide for Schools

and Colleges.

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 WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

OBJECTIVE

1. ………… keyboard has 10 function keys.

(a) Standard (b) Enhanced (c) Windows (d) All of the

Above

2. The function keys are labelled………. on the keyboard.

(a) Function (b) F1 – F12 (c) 0 – 9 (d) F1 – F15

3. The keys with A–Z on the keyboard are called …………

(a) Numeric keys (b) Alphabet keys (c) Arrow keys

(d) Page

4. ………… is the longest key on the keyboard.

(a) Space bar key (b) Delete key () Enter key ( Shift Key

5. ………. keys are used to control the cursor. (a) Arrow (b)
Function (c) Alphabet

(d) Symbol

THEORY

1a. What is a keyboard?

1b, Write short notes on: (a)Standard keyboard(b) Enhanced

keyboard

2a. Mention any TWO sections of the keyboard.

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 2b. List any THREE special keys on the keyboard.

CONTROL KEYS: they are used in line with other keys to

instruct the computer to perform specific tasks. They are ctrl,
del Esc and Alt.

CURSOR- CONTROL KEYS: otherwise known as cursor

manipulation keys, allow the user to move the cursor to the
left, right, up one line, and down one line.

APPLICATION (TASK MENU): This performs the same

function as right clicking the mouse.

CTRL: This is sometimes used in conjunction with one or two

other keys to give a command to the computer e.g., Ctrl S, Ctrl

DEL: Stand for Delete, it is used to cancel the character to the

right of the cursor, and it can be used to delete selected text or
an object.

WINDOWS LOGO KEYS: They are used to activate the start

menu from which programs can be launched.

ALT: This key can be used in combination with other keys e.g.
ALT + F4

HOME: Moves the cursor to the beginning of a line.

END: Moves the cursor to the end of a line or screen display.

PAGE UP: Moves the page on the screen.

PAGE DOWN: Moves the page down on the screen

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 PRINT SCREEN: Copies the entire content of a computer screen
of the clipboard.

TAP KEY: The key is marked with double arrows facing

opposite directions. It shifts the cursor eight spaces to the right
at each press.

THE SPACE BAR: This is the longest key, and it is used for
producing spaces.

SHIFT KEY: It is used to enter both upper- and lower-case

characters.

ENTER/ RETURN KEY: They enter or return key moves the

cursor down.

BACK SPACE KEY: This key deletes the character to the left.

CAPS LOCK KEY: It is a toggle key that needs to be depressed

in order to get out of capitalization.

DIRECTION KEYS: To move the cursor right, left, up, down

without deleting any characters.

EVALUATION

1. Explain the function of the following keyboard section

keys (a) Print screen (b) shift key
(c) home key (d) alt (e) space bar key

• Explain task menu.

FEATURES OF KEYBOARD

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 1. Rollover Capability: The keyboard has rollover capability
i. e several keys can be pressed almost simultaneously and
they will be registered in sequence.
2. Auto-Repeat Capability: Most of the keys on the keyboard
have auto-repeat capability. When a key with this feature
is held down, it will repeat until it is release or another key
is pressed.
Uses of keyboard

1. It is used to enter text, number and punctuation mark.

2. It can be used to shut down the computer system in the
absence of the mouse.
3. CTRL + ALT + DEL can be used to restart computer during
warm booting.
GENERAL EVALUATION

1. Explain the two features of keyboard.

2. Mention three uses of the keyboard.
WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1. The ……… key is the longest key, and it is used for

producing spaces. (a) delete(b) space bar (c) home (d) print
2. The ……… is used to enter both upper- and lower-case
characters. (a) End key (b) ctrl key (c) shift key (d) page up
3. To enter or return key moves the cursor down use ………
key (a) enter (b) home (c) left arrow (d) shift

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 4. . …. key deletes the character to the left. (a) back space (b)
shift (c) home (d) Alt
• The keyboard features where several keys can be pressed
almost simultaneously and they will be registered in
sequence is called(a)page down (b) Auto repeat (c)
Rollover Capability (d) Ctrl +Alt Del
THEORY

1. Explain the function of the following keyboard section

keys
(a) Print screen (b) shift key (c) home key (d) alt (e) space bar
key

• Explain the following features of the keyboard

(a) Rollover Capability (b) Auto Repeat Capability

There are three keyboard layouts such as QWERTY, AZERTY, and

DVORAK keyboards. There are various types of keyboards, namely:

2 Types of Keyboards

1. Flexible Keyboard

2. Mechanical Keyboard

3. Membrane Keyboard

4. Ergonomic Keyboard

5. Gaming Keyboard

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 6. Wireless Keyboard

7. Multimedia Keyboard

8. Handheld Keyboard

9. Vertical Keyboard

10. Virtual Keyboard

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 11. Projection Keyboard

3 Explaining the Parts of the Keyboard

The keyboard is divided into the following Parts:

A. Alphabetical Keys: These are the Capital letters that start from A to Z
found at the middle of the keyboard. Used to type words in the computer.
B. Numerical keys: These are the numbers that start from 1 and end in 0 at the
top second horizontal line in the keyboard. They can also be found at the right
part of desktop keyboard computer. Used to type numbers in the computer

C. Functions Keys: Found at the top first horizontal line of a keyboard. Start
from F1 to F12. Use in instilling operating system and for shortcut techniques

D. Action Key: These are key use to perform actions in the computer they are
located at both the left and right part of the computer. These keys include.
1) Spacebar: used to space one word to another
2) Shift Keys: They are two in number one at the left another at the right
used for shortcuts, writing characters and changing capital letters to
small letters or small letters to capital letters when firmly press.

3) Cap lock Key: Found in the left part of the keyboard use for
writing capital letters only or for shortcut purpose
4) Tab Key: Found in the left part of the keyboard above the cap
lock. Use for long distance spacing of words while typing, also
used in shortcuts
5) Control (Ctrl) Keys: Locate at the last bottom horizontal line in the
keyboard in the left and right part. Use for shortcuts purposes
6) Alternate (Alt) Keys: Locate at the last bottom horizontal line in
the keyboard in the left and right part. Use for shortcuts purposes

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 7) Windows Key: Found in the left part of the keyboard. Used for
displaying all menus/Apps in the computer and for shortcut
purpose.
8) Backspace Key: Found at the right part of the keyboard
used to erased typed words while typing.
9) Delete key: use to delete highlighted words, files and apps.
10) Escape (Esc) Key: found at the left top first line of the
keyboard use to escape functions and to perform shortcuts
11) Enter: User to open start another line while typing also to
delete and open selected files and Application
12) Page Up (PgUp) and Page Down (PdDn): Both located at the
right parts of the keyboard page up is used to go to the upper page
and page down used to go to the lower page and for shortcuts.

13) Home Page: use to go to the beginning of a document and

for shortcut.
14) End key: Used to go at the end of a document and for shortcut
15) Insert: used in Inserting and for shortcuts
16) Print Screen (PrtSc): Used to print screen what is currently
display in the monitor/screen

E: Character Keys: Found almost in parts of the keyboard. Used

to type Characters
NAME SYMBOL NAME SYMBOL NAME SYMBOL

Exanimation ! Dollar $ And &

Mark
At the rate sign @ Hash # Times/star *
Open Parentheses ( Close Parentheses ) Under score _
Hyphen/ Minus - Plus + Equal to =
Comma , Bullet/Fullstop . Semicolon ;

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 Open Quotation “ Close Quotation “ Question mark ?
Colon : Open Square [ Close Square ]
bracket bracket
Open Curly { Close Curly } Apostrophe ‘
Bracket Bracket
Greater than > Less than < Percent %
Forward slash / Backward slash \ Bar |

F: Cursor Movement Key: These are the four keys found at the bottom
right corner of the keyboard. We have the up, down, left and right key.
1) Up arrow Key (▲): Use to move the Cursor Up
2) Down arrow Key (▼): use to move the cursor down
3) Left arrow key (◄): Use to move the cursor left
4) Right arrow key (►): Used to move the cursor right

Image of the keyboard is in the above

[Link] TO CREATE A FOLDER IN WINDOWS 10

There are several ways to create a folder in Windows 10. Here’s how:

Method 1: Using Right-Click Menu

1. Go to the location where you want to create the folder (Desktop, File Explorer, etc.).
2. Right-click on an empty space.
3. Hover over New, then click Folder.
4. A new folder will appear—type a name and press Enter

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 Method 2: Using Keyboard Shortcut

1. Open File Explorer (Win + E).

2. Navigate to the location where you want the folder.
3. Press Ctrl + Shift + N.
4. A new folder will be created—rename it and press Enter.

Method 3: Using File Explorer Menu

1. Open File Explorer (Win + E).

2. Navigate to the desired location.
3. Click the Home tab on the top menu.
4. Click New Folder.
5. A new folder will appear—rename it and press Enter.

[Link] WITH NOTEPAD IN WINDOWS 10

Notepad is a simple text editor built into Windows 10. Here’s how you can open and use it:

15.1 Open Notepad

• Method 1: Using Search
1. Press Win + S to open the search bar.
2. Type Notepad and click on it when it appears.
• Method 2: Using Run Command
1. Press Win + R to open the Run dialog.
2. Type notepad and press Enter.
• Method 3: From Start Menu
1. Click the Start Menu (Windows logo).
2. Scroll down to Windows Accessories and click Notepad.
• Method 4: Using Command Prompt or PowerShell
1. Open Command Prompt (Win + R, type cmd, press Enter).
2. Type notepad and press Enter.

17.1 Create & Save a Text File

1. Type anything in Notepad. (Example, Type: Missionary Church of Africa Secondary

School)
2. Click File > Save As.

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 3. Choose a location and file name (e.g., [Link]).
4. Click Save.

17.3. Open an Existing Text File

1. Click File > Open.

2. Browse to the file you want to open (.txt or other text-based formats).
3. Click Open.

[Link] IN WINDOW 10
In Windows 10, painting and drawing can be done using built-in apps like Microsoft Paint and
Paint 3D. It is used to draw images and for graphic design. Here's everything you need to know
about them:

18.1 Microsoft Paint (MS Paint)

MS Paint is a simple graphic editor that has been a part of Windows for many years. It
allows users to create, edit, and save images in formats like BMP, PNG, and JPEG.

18.2 Features of MS Paint:

1) Basic drawing tools (pencil, brush, and eraser)
2) Shapes and line tools
3) Color selection and fill options

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 4) Resize, crop, and rotate images
5) Text tool to add captions
6) Supports saving images in multiple formats

18.3 How to Open MS Paint in Windows 10:

1. Click the Start Menu.

2. Type "Paint" in the search bar.
3. Click on Microsoft Paint to open it.

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39
 [Link] 3D
Paint 3D is an upgraded version of MS Paint with additional 3D modeling features. It allows
users to create both 2D and 3D drawings.

19.1 Features of Paint 3D:

• Advanced brushes and tools for drawing
• 3D shape creation and customization
• Stickers and textures for 3D models
• Transparency support
• Magic Select tool for removing backgrounds
• Export images as 2D or 3D files

19.2 How to Open Paint 3D in Windows 10:

1. Click the Start Menu.

2. Type "Paint 3D" in the search bar.
3. Click on Paint 3D to open it.

19.3 Which One to Use?

• Use MS Paint if you need a simple tool for quick sketches and image editing.
• Use Paint 3D if you want more advanced features, including 3D designs.

20 . USING MICROSOFT EDGE TO BROWSE

THE INTERNET
Microsoft Edge is a web browser developed by Microsoft and is the default browser for Windows. It is
based on Chromium, the same open-source project that powers Google Chrome, making it fast and
compatible with most websites.

20.1 Getting Started with Microsoft Edge

1) Launching Edge: Open Microsoft Edge from the Start Menu, Taskbar, or by searching for
"Edge" in Windows.
2) Setting as Default Browser: Go to Settings > Apps > Default Apps and set Microsoft Edge
as the default web browser.
3) Signing in with a Microsoft Account: Allows syncing of history, passwords,
bookmarks, and settings across devices.

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 20.2 Basic Browsing Features

1) Opening a website: Type a web address (URL) in the address

bar and press Enter.
2) Using Tabs:
➢
Open a new tab with Ctrl + T.
➢
Close a tab with Ctrl + W.
➢
Reopen a closed tab with Ctrl + Shift + T.
3) Navigating Pages:
➢
Go Back with Alt + Left Arrow.
➢
Go Forward with Alt + Right Arrow.
➢
Refresh a page with Ctrl + R or F5.
4) Search: Type a query in the address bar; by default, Edge uses Bing
(can be changed to Google or another search engine).

20. 3 Key Features of Microsoft Edge

a) Collections
➢
Helps organize web pages, text, and images for research or planning.
➢
Found in the top-right corner.

b) Vertical Tabs
➢
Switches tabs to a sidebar layout for better organization.
➢
Enable from the Tab Actions Menu (top-left corner).

c) Reading Mode (Immersive Reader)

➢
Simplifies webpages for distraction-free reading.
➢
Click the book icon in the address bar.

d) Web Capture & Screenshots

➢
Press Ctrl + Shift + S to take a screenshot of a webpage.

e) Password Manager & Autofill

➢
Saves passwords, addresses, and payment details for convenience.

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 f) Tracking Prevention
➢
Blocks trackers for better privacy.
➢
Adjust settings in Settings > Privacy, search, and services.

g) Extensions
➢
Install Chrome extensions from the Chrome Web Store or Edge Add-ons
Store.

20. 4. Advanced Features

a) Using Edge with AI (Copilot)
➢
Microsoft Edge has Copilot AI integrated, accessible from the sidebar.
➢
Helps with answering questions, summarizing articles, and generating
text.

b) Performance Enhancements
• Sleeping Tabs: Saves memory by putting inactive tabs to sleep.
• Efficiency Mode: Reduces power usage for laptops.

c) Security & Privacy

➢
InPrivate Browsing: Use Ctrl + Shift + N for private browsing
(doesn’t save history).
➢
SmartScreen: Protects against phishing and malicious sites.
20. 5. Customizing Microsoft Edge

➢
Change Homepage: Go to Settings > Start, home, and new tabs.
➢
Dark Mode: Settings > Appearance > Choose Dark.
➢
Change Search Engine: Settings > Privacy, search, and
services > Scroll down to Address bar and search.

20. 6. Syncing Across Devices

➢
Sign in with a Microsoft account to sync bookmarks, history, and
passwords between PC, mobile, and other devices.

20. 7. Using Edge on Mobile

➢
Available for Android and iOS.
➢
Syncs data with the desktop version for a seamless experience.

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 20.8. Troubleshooting & Help

➢
Clear Cache & Cookies: Settings > Privacy, search, and
services > Clear browsing data.
➢
Reset Edge: Settings > Reset settings > Restore settings to
their default values.
➢
Check for Updates: Settings > About Microsoft Edge.

21. WINDOWS 10 KEYBOARD SHORTCUT KEYS

21. 1. Basic Shortcuts

1. Ctrl + C – Copy
2. Ctrl + X – Cut
3. Ctrl + V – Paste
4. Ctrl + Z – Undo
5. Ctrl + Y – Redo
6. Ctrl + A – Select all
7. Ctrl + P – Print
8. Ctrl + S – Save
9. Ctrl + N – Open a new window or document
10. Ctrl + O – Open a file

[Link] and Desktop Management

11. Alt + Tab – Switch between open apps

12. Alt + F4 – Close the active window
13. Win + D – Show desktop (minimizes all windows)
14. Win + M – Minimize all windows
15. Win + Shift + M – Restore minimized windows
16. Win + E – Open File Explorer
17. Win + R – Open Run dialog box
18. Win + I – Open Settings
19. Win + X – Open Quick Link menu
20. Win + L – Lock your computer

21. 3. Virtual Desktops & Task Management

21. Win + Tab – Open Task View

22. Win + Ctrl + D – Create a new virtual desktop
23. Win + Ctrl + Left/Right Arrow – Switch between virtual desktops
24. Win + Ctrl + F4 – Close the current virtual desktop

21. 4. File Explorer Shortcuts

25. Ctrl + Shift + N – Create a new folder

26. Alt + Up Arrow – Move up one folder level
27. Alt + Left Arrow – Go back
28. Alt + Right Arrow – Go forward
29. F2 – Rename selected item
30. F5 – Refresh the active window

[Link] & Window Management

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 31. Win + Left Arrow – Snap window to the left
32. Win + Right Arrow – Snap window to the right
33. Win + Up Arrow – Maximize window
34. Win + Down Arrow – Minimize window

21. 6. Text Editing & Navigation

35. Ctrl + Left Arrow – Move cursor one word to the left
36. Ctrl + Right Arrow – Move cursor one word to the right
37. Ctrl + Backspace – Delete the previous work
38. Ctrl + Delete – Delete the next word
39. Home – Move cursor to the beginning of a line
40. End – Move cursor to the end of a line
41. Ctrl + Home – Move to the top of a document
42. Ctrl + End – Move to the bottom of a document

21. 7. Screen & Accessibility Shortcuts

43. Win + PrtScn – Take a screenshot and save it

44. Win + Shift + S – Open Snipping Tool for screenshots
45. Win + (+/-) – Zoom in/out using Magnifier
46. Win + G – Open Game Bar
47. Win + H – Open voice typing (dictation)

21.8 Advanced & Power User Shortcuts

48. Win + Pause/Break – Open System Properties

49. Win + Space – Switch keyboard input language
50. Win + Shift + V – Open Clipboard history

THANK YOU FOR BEING TAKEN THE VENTURE TO

START LEARNING COMPUTER.

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 Research:

By: NiyiAdekolegan. Chapter Eight, pages 55– 61.

Computer Studies Stella Chiemeke book 1 pg 62; pgs 73-77.

Modern Computer Studies by Victoria Dinehinpg 33-37; pg

47-53

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