INTERNAL SECURITY

1) Linkages between Development and Spread of Extremism.

1. Give out the major sources of terror funding in India and

efforts being made to curtail these sources. In the light of
this, also discuss the aim and objective of the ‘ No Money
for Terror [NMFT]’ Conference recently held at New Delhi in
November 2022. (Answer in 250 words) 15 ( 2023)

2. Winning of ‘Hearts and Minds’ in terrorism affected areas is

an essential step in restoring the trust of the population.
Discuss the measures adopted by the Government in this
respect as part of the conflict resolution in Jammu and
Kashmir. (Answer in 150 words) 10 ( 2023 )

3. Naxalism is a social, economic and developmental issue

manifesting as a violent internal security threat. In this context,
discuss the emerging issues and suggest a multilayered
strategy to tackle the menace of Naxalism. (Answer in 250
words) 15 (2022)
4. Analyse the complexity and intensity of terrorism, its causes,
linkages and obnoxious nexus. Also suggest measures required
to be taken to eradicate the menace of terrorism. (Answer in
250 words) (2021)
5. What are the determinants of left-wing extremism in Eastern part of
India? What strategy should Government of India, civil administration
and security forces adopt to counter the threat in the affected areas?
(Answer in 250 words) 15
6. Left Wing Extremism (LWE) is showing a downward trend, but still
affects many parts of the country. Briefly explain the Government of
India’s approach to counter the challenges posed by LWE. (150
Words, 10 Marks) 2018)
7. ‘Terrorism is emerging as a competitive industry over the last few
decades.” Analyse the above statement. (12 ½) ( 2016)
8. The persisting drives of the government for development of large
industries in backward areas have resulted in isolating the tribal
 population and the farmers who face multiple displacements. With
Malkangiri and Naxalbari foci, discuss the corrective strategies
needed to win the Left Wing Extremism (LWE) doctrine affected
citizens back into mainstream of social and economic growth. (12 ½) (
2015)
9. “The diverse nature of India as a multi-religious and multi-ethnic
society is not immune to the impact of radicalism which is seen in her
neighborhood? Discuss along with strategies to be adopted to
counter this environment. ( 12 ½) ( 2014)
[Link] 244 of the Indian Constitution relates to administration of
schedules area and tribal areas. Analyse the impact of non-
implementation of the provisions of the Fifth schedule on the growth
of Left Wing extremism. ( 12 ½) ( 10 )

2) Role of External State and Non-state Actors in creating challenges to

Internal Security.
1. Analyse the multidimensional challenges posed by external state and
non-state actors, to the internal security of India. Also discuss measures
required to be taken to combat these threats. (Answer in 250 words)
(2021)
2. The banning of ‘Jamaat-e-Islamic’ in Jammu and Kashmir brought into
focus the role of over-ground workers (OGWs) in assisting terrorist
organizations. Examine the role played by OGWs in assisting terrorist
organizations in insurgency affected areas. Discuss measures to
neutralize influence of OGWs. (Answer in 150 words) 10 ( 2019)
3. The China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is viewed as a cardinal
subset of China’s larger ‘One Belt One Road’ initiative. Give a brief
description of CPEC and enumerate the reasons why India has distanced
itself from the same. (150 Words, 10 Marks) (2018)
4. Mob violence is emerging as a serious law and order problem in India. By
giving suitable examples, analyze the causes and consequences of such
violence.(15 marks) (2017
5. Religious indoctrination via social media has resulted in Indian youth
joining the ISIS. What is ISIS and its mission? How can ISIS be dangerous
to the internal security of our country. (12 ½) ( 2015)
 6. China and Pakistan have entered into an agreement for development of
an economic corridor. What threat does this pose for India’s security?
Critically examine. ( 12 ½) ( 2014)
3) Challenges to Internal Security through Communication Networks, Role of
Media and Social Networking Sites in Internal Security Challenges, Basics of
Cyber Security; Money-Laundering and its prevention.
1. What are the different elements of cyber security ? Keeping in view the
challenges in cyber security, examine the extent to which India has
successfully developed a comprehensive National Cyber Security
Strategy. (Answer in 250 words) 15 (2022)
2. Keeping in view India’s internal security, analyse the impact of cross-
border cyber attacks. Also discuss defensive measures against these
sophisticated attacks. (Answer in 150 words) ( 2020)
3. Discuss how emerging technologies and globalisation contribute to
money laundering. Elaborate measures to tackle the problem of money
laundering both at national and international levels. (Answer in 150
words) ( 2021)
4. Discuss different types of cybercrimes and measures required to be
taken to fight the menace. (Answer in 150 words)10 ( 2020)
5. What is CyberDome Project? Explain how it can be useful in controlling
internet crimes in India. (Answer in 150 words) 1 (2019)
6. Data security has assumed significant importance in the digitized world
due to rising cyber-crimes. The Justice B. N. Srikrishna Committee Report
addresses issues related to data security. What, in your view, are the
strengths and weaknesses of the Report relating to protection of
personal data in cyber space? (250 Words, 15 Marks) (2018)
7. Discuss the potential threats of Cyber attack and the security framework
to prevent it. (10 marks)( 2017)
8. Use of internet and social media by non-state actors for subversive
activities is a major security concern. How have these been misused in
the recent past? Suggest effective guidelines to curb the above threat.
(12 ½) ( 2016)
9. Considering the threats cyberspace poses for the country, India needs a
“Digital Armed Forces” to prevent crimes. Critically evaluate the National
 Cyber Security Policy, 2013 outlining the challenges perceived in its
effective implementation. (12 ½) ( 2015)
10. International civil aviation laws provide all countries complete
and exclusive sovereignty over the airspace above their territory. What
do you understand by ‘airspace’ What are the implications of these laws
on the space above this airspace? Discuss the challenges which this
poses and suggest ways to contain the threat. ( 12 ½) ( 2014)
11. Cyber warfare is considered by some defense analysts to be a
larger threat than even Al Qaeda or terrorism. What do you understand
by Cyber warfare? Outline the cyber threats which India is vulnerable to
and bring out the state of the country’s preparedness to deal with the
same. (10) ( 2013)
12. What are social networking sites and what security implications
do these sites present? ( 10) ( 2013)
13. Money laundering poses a serious security threat to a country’s
economic sovereignty. What is its significance for India and what steps
are required to be taken to control this menace? (10) ( 2013)

4) Security Challenges and their Management in Border Areas - Linkages

of Organized Crime with Terrorism.
1. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) by our
adversaries across the borders to ferry arms/ammunitions,
drugs, etc., is a serious threat to the internal security.
Comment on the measures being taken to tackle this
threat. (Answer in 150 words) 10 ( 2023)
2. What are the maritime security challenges in India ? Discuss the
organisational, technical and procedural initiatives taken to improve the
maritime security. (Answer in 150 words) 10 ( 2022)
3. Discuss the types of organised crimes. Describe the linkages between
terrorists and organised crime that exist at the national and
transnational levels. (Answer in 150 words) 10 (2022)
4. For effective border area management, discuss the steps required
to be taken to deny local support to militants and also suggest ways
 to manage favourable perception among locals. (Answer in 150
words)10
5. Cross-Border movement of insurgents is only one of the several security
challenges facing the policing of the border in NorthEast India. Examine
the various challenges currently emanating across the India-Myanmar
border. Also, discuss the steps to counter the challenges. (Answer in 250
words)15 (2019)
6. India’s proximity to two of the world’s biggest illicit opiumgrowing states
has enhanced her internal security concerns. Explain the linkages
between drug trafficking and other illicit activities such as gunrunning,
money laundering and human trafficking. What countermeasures should
be taken to prevent the same? (250 Words, 15 Marks) (2018)
7. The north-eastern region of India has been infested with insurgency for
a very long time. Analyze the major reasons for the survival of armed
insurgency in this region. (10 marks) (2017)
8. The scourge of terrorism is a grave challenge to national security. What
solutions do you suggest to curb this growing menace? What are the
major sources of terrorist funding? (15 marks ) ( 2017)
9. The terms ‘Hot Pursuit’ and ‘Surgical Strikes’ are often used in
connection with armed action against terrorist attacks. Discuss the
strategic impact of such actions. (2016) (12 ½)
10. Border management is a complex task due to difficult terrain and
hostile relations with some countries. Elucidate the challenges and
strategies for effective border management. (12 ½) ( 2016)
11. How does illegal transborder migration pose a threat to India’s
security? Discuss the strategies to curb this, bringing out the factors
which give impetus to such migration.( 12 ½) ( 2014)
12. In 2012, the longitudinal marking for high-risk areas for piracy
was moved from 65 degrees east to 78 degrees east in the Arabian Sea
by the International Maritime Organisation. What impact does this have
on India’s maritime security concerns? (12 ½) ( 2014)
13. How far are India’s internal security challenges linked with border
management particularly in view of the long porous borders with most
countries of South Asia and Myanmar? ( 2013) ( 10)

5) Various Security Forces and Agencies and their Mandate.

1. What are the internal security challenges being faced by
India? Give out the role of Central Intelligence and
Investigative Agencies tasked to counter such
threats. (Answer in 250 words) 15 (2023)
2. Analyse internal security threats and transborder crimes along
Myanmar, Bangladesh and Pakistan borders including Line of
Control (LoC). Also discuss the role played by various security
forces in this regard. (Answer in 250 words) 15
3. Indian Government has recently strengthened the antiterrorism
laws by amending the unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA),
1967 and the NIA act. Analyze the changes in the context of
prevailing security environment while discussing the scope and
reasons for opposing the UAPA by human rights organizations.
(Answer in 250 words)15 (2019)
4. Human right activists constantly highlight the fact that the Armed
forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 (AFSPA) is a draconian act leading
to cases of human right abuses by security forces. What sections of
AFSPA are opposed by the activists. Critically evaluate the
requirement with reference to the view held by Apex Court. (12 ½)
( 2015)