Scribd
Upload
33 views2 pages

Laboratory Instrument Principles Explained

The document outlines the principles of various common laboratory instruments, including the autoclave, hot air oven, and laminar air flow, each utilizing different methods for sterilization and maintaining sterile environments. It also describes the functions of centrifuges, orbital shaker incubators, vortex mixers, spectrophotometers, and water baths in laboratory settings. Each instrument's principle is based on specific scientific methods to achieve desired results in experiments.

Uploaded by

chauhanvasundhara14
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
33 views2 pages

Laboratory Instrument Principles Explained

The document outlines the principles of various common laboratory instruments, including the autoclave, hot air oven, and laminar air flow, each utilizing different methods for sterilization and maintaining sterile environments. It also describes the functions of centrifuges, orbital shaker incubators, vortex mixers, spectrophotometers, and water baths in laboratory settings. Each instrument's principle is based on specific scientific methods to achieve desired results in experiments.

Uploaded by

chauhanvasundhara14
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Principles of Common Laboratory Instruments

1. Autoclave

Principle: Works on moist heat sterilization using steam under pressure. High pressure increases
the boiling point of water, allowing steam to reach 121°C at 15 psi, which kills microorganisms
including spores.

2. Hot Air Oven

Principle: Uses dry heat sterilization. Dry heat at 160–180°C oxidizes and denatures microbial
proteins.

3. Laminar Air Flow

Principle: Provides a continuous flow of sterile air through a HEPA filter, removing contaminants
and maintaining a sterile working environment.

4. Centrifuge

Principle: Separates particles based on their density using centrifugal force. Heavier particles form
a pellet, while lighter components remain as supernatant.

5. Orbital Shaker Incubator

Principle: Combines controlled temperature with circular shaking, increasing oxygen transfer and
supporting microbial growth.

6. Vortex Mixer

Principle: Creates a rapid circular motion that forms a vortex, mixing liquids thoroughly.

7. Spectrophotometer
Principle: Measures the absorbance of light by a solution at a specific wavelength. This absorbance
helps determine the concentration of the substance (Beer–Lambert Law).

8. Water Bath

Principle: Provides steady and uniform heating using water as the medium, preventing overheating
and maintaining accurate temperatures.

You might also like