SCIENCE 8 – THIRD QUARTER MODULE
Lesson Title:
“Properties of Pure Substances”
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Teacher: _______________________________________________
Student’s Name: _________________________________________
Date Submitted: __________________________________________
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Module Information
Particulars Details
Subject Area Science 8
Quarter Third Quarter
Lesson Focus Understanding the nature and properties of pure substances
Competency S7MT-IIIa-b-2 — Describes pure substances based on their fixed
Code composition and unique properties
Duration 1–2 class meetings
Learning
Printed / Modular / Classroom-Based
Modality
Module Description
This learning module helps students understand the properties of pure substances,
focusing on the difference between elements and compounds, their fixed chemical
composition, and the unique number of protons that define each element.
Through reading, exercises, and concept-building activities, learners will be able to
classify matter correctly and explain why pure substances behave in consistent
ways.
Learning Objectives
After completing this module, students should be able to:
Define what a pure substance is.
Differentiate between elements and compounds.
Explain that pure substances have fixed chemical composition.
Identify elements based on their unique number of protons.
Apply understanding of pure substances to real-life examples and laboratory
observations.
Reminders for Learners
Read each section carefully before answering.
Use a separate sheet of paper if needed.
Write neatly and label your answers clearly.
Most importantly, enjoy learning science
Topic: Properties of Pure Substances
🔹 What Are Pure Substances?
A pure substance is a material made up of only one kind of particle — either all the
same atoms or all the same molecules.
It has definite or fixed composition and cannot be separated by physical means.
🧠 Example:
Whether water comes from the rain, river, or tap, it’s always H₂O — two hydrogen
atoms and one oxygen atom. Its composition stays the same.
🔹 Types of Pure Substances
1 Elements
1️⃣
Made of only one kind of atom.
Cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
Found in the Periodic Table.
Examples: Oxygen (O₂), Hydrogen (H₂), Gold (Au), Iron (Fe)
🧩 Key idea: If a substance contains only one type of atom, it’s an element.
2️⃣Compounds
Made of two or more elements that are chemically combined in a fixed ratio.
Have properties different from the elements that formed them.
Their composition is always the same.
Examples: Water (H₂O), Carbon dioxide (CO₂), Salt (NaCl), Sugar (C₆H₁₂O₆)
🧩 Key idea: A compound always has the same elements in the same proportion.
Property A: Fixed Chemical Composition
Pure substances have a fixed composition, meaning:
Their chemical formula never changes.
The ratio of atoms remains the same anywhere in the world.
🧠 Example:
Water → H₂O (2 hydrogen + 1 oxygen)
Salt → NaCl (1 sodium + 1 chlorine)
This is why pure substances always have uniform properties such as melting and
boiling points.
🔹 Property B: Unique Number of Protons
Every element has a unique number of protons — this number is called the atomic
number.
Protons are positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom.
The number of protons identifies the element.
If the proton count changes, the atom becomes a different element.
Examples:
Element Symbol No. of Protons
Hydrogen H 1
Helium He 2
Carbon C 6
Nitrogen N 7
Oxygen O 8
Sodium Na 11
Magnesium Mg 12
Aluminum Al 13
Iron Fe 26
Gold Au 79
Key idea:
The number of protons is like the element’s fingerprint — no two elements have the
same number!
✏️PAPER-AND-PEN ACTIVITIES
Activity 1: Identify Me! (10 items)
Directions: Write Element or Compound beside each substance.
No. Substance Answer
1 Oxygen __________
2 Water __________
3 Carbon dioxide __________
4 Iron __________
5 Sugar __________
6 Hydrogen __________
7 Salt (NaCl) __________
8 Gold __________
Ammonia
9 __________
(NH₃)
10 Silver __________
Activity 2: Match the Protons! (10 items)
Directions: Match each element to its correct number of protons.
Write the letter of your answer in the space provided .
Element No. of Protons
1. Hydrogen _____ a. 12
2. Oxygen _____ b. 1
3. Nitrogen _____ c. 13
4. Iron _____ d. 8
5. Carbon _____ e. 26
6. Gold _____ f. 6
7. Sodium _____ g. 7
8. Helium _____ h. 11
9. Magnesium _____ i. 2
10. Aluminum _____ j. 79
Activity 3: Test Your Understanding (10 Items)
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write only the letter on your
paper.
1. What makes a pure substance different from a mixture?
A. A pure substance has only one kind of particle.
B. A mixture can only have one kind of particle.
C. A pure substance can be separated by filtering.
D. A mixture always has a fixed composition.
2. Why is water considered a pure substance?
A. It contains many dissolved particles.
B. It always has the same composition, H₂O.
C. It can be separated into hydrogen and oxygen easily.
D. It changes composition depending on where it is found
3. How can we tell if a substance is an element?
A. It contains different kinds of atoms.
B. It has two or more types of molecules.
C. It has only one kind of atom.
D. It can be broken down into simpler substances
4. How can we tell if a substance is a compound?
A. It can be separated by physical means.
B. It is made of two or more elements chemically combined.
C. It contains only one kind of atom.
D. It changes composition depending on temperature.
5. Why is the composition of a pure substance fixed?
A. It is made of identical particles that never change.
B. It is made of different materials mixed together.
C. It can be separated by filtration.
D. It reacts differently in each environment.
6. What happens if the number of protons in an atom changes?
A. The atom becomes unstable but stays the same element.
B. The atom becomes a different element.
C. The atom gains or loses energy only.
D. The atom changes its mass but not identity.
7. Why is salt (NaCl) not an element even though it looks uniform?
A. It is made of two elements chemically combined.
B. It contains only one kind of atom.
C. It cannot be separated by any method.
D. It is a natural mineral.
8. What does the atomic number of an element tell us?
A. The total number of neutrons.
B. The number of atoms in the molecule.
C. The number of protons in the atom.
D. The number of electrons in the outer shell.
9. Can two elements have the same number of protons?
A. Yes, because they can share protons.
B. Yes, if they are in the same group.
C. No, each element has a unique number of protons.
D. No, because protons are found only in compounds.
10. Why do scientists use chemical formulas like H₂O or CO₂?
A. To show the color and taste of the compound.
B. To represent the type and number of atoms in a substance.
C. To make it easier to mix elements.
D. To identify how the substance smells.