Q.

1 Let f (x) = –1 + |x – 2| and g(x) = 1 – |x|, then the set of all points where (fog)(x) is discontinuous
is
(1) {0, 1, 2} (2) {0, 2} (3) {0} (4*) an empty set
[Sol.166/lcd/SC f (x) = –1 + |x – 2| g(x) = 1 – |x|
fog(x) = –1 + 1 | x | 2 = –1 + 1 | x | = –1 + 1 + |x|
fog (x) = |x| which is continuous always. ]

If Lim  1  a sin x 
cosec x
Q.2 = 3, then a is
x 0
(1*) ln 3 (2) ln 4 (3) ln 2 (4) log 2
[Sol.168/lcd/SC 3 = Lim  1  a sin x 
cosec x
[1 form]
x 0

3 = Lim e cosec x · a sin x = ea

x 0
 ea = 3  a = loge3 = ln 3. Ans.]

 sin( p  1) x  sin x
 , x0
 x

Q.3 The value of p and q for which the function f (x) =  q, x0
 2
 xx  x , x0
 x3/ 2
is continuous for all x in R, is
5 1 3 1 1 3 1 3
(1) p = ,q= (2*) p = ,q= (3) p = ,q= (4) p = ,q=
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
–
[Sol.170/lcd/SC f (0 ) = (P + 1) + 1 = P + 2
f (0) = q
1 x 1 1 1
f (0+) = Lim = Lim =
x 0 x x 0 1 x 1 2
1 3
q= ; P+2=q  P= [for continuous f n : f(0–) = f (0) = f (0+)] ]
2 2

 k, x 3
 3 2
Q.4 Let f(x) =  2 x  3x  32 x  15
 , x3
 ( x  3)
The value of k for which f(x) is continuous for all real values of x, is
(1) 3 (2*) 40 (3) 90 (4) 0
2 x 3  3x 2  32x  15
[Sol.171/lcd/SC f(x) = has a removable discontinuity at 3.
( x  3)
2 ( x  3) ( x  5) ( x  0.5)
 f(3) = = 2 (x + 5) (x – 0.5) = 2 (8) (2.5) = 40. Ans.]
( x  3)

Q.5 Which one of the following statement is incorrect?

[Note : {x} and [x] denotes fractional part of x and greatest integer less than or equal to x respectively.]

SET A/1
  1
x sin  , x0
(1) f(x) =  x is continuous in its domain.
 0, x0
(2) y = | x | is a continuous function.
1 1
(3*) f(x) =  is continuous in (– , 0].
x |x|
(4) f(x) = {2x} + [2x] is a continuous function.
[Sol.173/lcd/SC
(1) Lim f ( x ) = f (0) = 0  f is continuous at x = 0
x0
(2) f (0) is not defined.
y y
y = 2x

x
(3) x (4) f (x) = 2x, O

y = |x|

  x 
sin 3 x  x 3 sgn1   1  
Q.6 The value of Lim   sin x   is equal to :
2
x 0 x tan x sin( cos x )
[Note : [k] denotes greatest integer less than or equal to k and sgn(k) denotes signum function of k.]
1 1 1 1
(A) (B*) (C) (D) –
  6 6
x  x    x 
[Sol.160/itf/SC 1 < 1  
sin x  sin x 
1   sin 1 x   = 1
1  = 0  sgn 
  

sin 3 x  x 3 (sin x  x ) (sin 2 x  x sin x  x 2 )

Lim = Lim
x 0 x . tan 2 x . sin( cos x ) x 0 tan 2 x 2
x · 2 ·x sin(   cos x )
x

 sin 2 x x sin x x 2 
(sin x  x )  2  2
 2 
 x x x  1 3 1
= Lim =–  ×2= Ans.]
x 0  sin(    cos x )  (1  cos x ) 2 6  
x  ·x
    cos x  x2

Q.7 If f (x) = [2x] – {5x}, where [k] and {k} denotes greatest integer function and fractional part
function of k respectively, then number of points of discontinuity of f (x) in [0, 3] is
(A) 15 (B) 16 (C) 17 (D*) 18
[Sol. f (x) = [2x] – (5x – [5x])
= [2x ]  [5x ]  5x
 
1 1 2 3 4
0, , 1 0, , , , ,1
2 5 5 5 5

1 1 2 3 4
f (x) is discontinuous at x = , , , , & 1 in [0, 1]
2 5 5 5 5
Hence total points of discontinuity is 6 × 3 = 18 Ans. ]

SET A/2
Q.8 Let a sequence of number is as follows
1
3 5
7 9 11
13 15 17 19
21 23 25 27 29
...............................................................
.............................................................................
If tn is the first term of nth row then Lim t n  n is equal to
n 
 
1 1
(A) (B*) (C) 1 (D) –1
2 2
[Sol.313/lcd/SC Sn = 1 + 3 + 7 + 13 + 21 + ……… + tn
Sn = 1 + 3 + 7 + 13 + ……… + tn–1 + tn
0 = 1 + 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + ……… + (tn – tn–1) – tn
tn = 1 + 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + ……… + (tn – tn–1)
n 1
=1+ [2 × 2 + (n – 2) × 2] = 1 + (n – 1)n = n2 – n + 1
2

n2  n 1 n2 1
Lim n 2  n  1  n  = Lim = – Ans. ]
n    n  n 2  n  1  n 2

f (x)  2 2
Q.9 If f (x) is a quadratic expression such that f (–2) = f (2) = 0 and f (1) = 6 then Lim
x 0 ln (cos x )
is equal to
1 1
(A) –4 (B) 4 (C*) (D) –
2 2
[Sol.314/lcd/SC f (x) = (x2 – 4)
f (1) = (1 – 4) = 6   = –2
 f (x) = 8 – 2x2
Also,

8  2x 2  2 2 (8  2 x 2  8) 4 1
Lim = Lim = = Ans.]
Ans.
x 0 ln (1  cos x  1)  4 2 2
 8  2 x  2 2  (cos x  1)
x 0 ln (cos x ) 2
cos x  1  

(1  tan x  cos x  x ) (ln (1  x )  x )

Q.10 Let n  N be such that L = Lim
x 0 x n ( x  sin x )
where L is finite and non zero, then the value of (n + 2 | L| ) is equal to
(A) 3 (B*) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6
 x2  
(1  cos x  x  tan x )  x      x 
 2 
[Sol. L = Lim   
n
x 0 x ( x  sin x )

SET A/3
  1  cos x x  tan x    x 
2
x3
 2
 2      · x 2
 x x  2 3 
= Lim
x 0  x  sin x 
x n 3  3 
 x 
For non zero and finite limit n + 3 = 4  n = 1

1   1
  0  
2  2  3 3
= =  n + 2 |L| = 1 + 2 = 4 Ans. ]
1 2 2
6

f 2 (x)
Q.11 If f and g are two positive valued functions such that Lim f ( x ) =  and Lim = 0,
x2 x 2 g ( x )

16f 6 ( x )  4g3 ( x )  5  3 f 8 ( x )  g 4 ( x )  3
then L = Lim equals
x 2 4
f 12 ( x )  g 6 ( x )  2  5 f 12 ( x )  g 7 ( x )  1

5
(A) 4 (B*) 2 (C) 0 (D)
2

f 2 (x)
[[Link] sin a Lim = 0  g(x)   at x  2 and also g(x)  at a faster rate than f 2(x).
x 2 g ( x )

 Clearly L = 2 Ans. ]

x f (x)
Q.12 Let f (x) = ln2(1 + x), g (x) = tan x, h (x) = sin   then the value of Lim g ( x ) h ( x ) is equal to
6 x 0 e 1
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C*) 6 (D) 8
x2
[Sol. Lim = 6 Ans.]
x 0 x
sin   tan x
6
Q.13 Let f(x) be a continuous function on real line given that x3 + f ( x )  2 x2 – 2f (x) + 4 – 2 2 = 0,
then the value of f  2  is equal to
 3  2 3 1
(A) 0 (B*) 2 1   (C) (D) can not be determined
 2 2 2
[Sol.  x 3

 2 2  f ( x )  2  x2 – 2 f ( x )  2 = 0

 f (x) – 2 =
 x3  2 2    f (x) = 2 –
x 3
2 2 
x2  2 x2  2

 x3  2 2    =   x 2  2  2x  
 f   
2 = Lim 2 
x 2  x2  2 
Lim  2  
x 2 


    x  2 

6 3  3 
=2– =2– = 2 1   Ans.]
2 2 2  2 2

SET A/4
 x a  ax  a  1
Q.14 Let Lim = f (a). The value of f (101) is
x 1 ( x  1) 2
(A*) 5050 (B) 5151 (C) 4950 (D) 101
[Sol.25/lcd/SC put x=1+h [12th 11-05-2008]
 a (a  1) 2 
a 1  ah  h  ........   a  ah  a  1
(1  h )  a (1  h )  a  1 Lim 
2! 
Lim ; 2
h 0 h2 h 0 h
a (a  1)
 f (a) = ; f (101) = 5050 Ans. ]
2

(e 2 x  1)  ( x  1)(e x  e x )
 if x0
Q.15 Let f (x) =  x (e x  1)

k if x0
if f (x) is continuous at x = 0 then k is equal to
(A) 1/2 (B*) 1 (C) 3/2 (D) 2

(e 2 x  1)  (e x  e  x )  x (e x  e  x )
[Sol.41/cont&deri/QZ l = Lim [12th, 10-06-2007]
x 0  ex 1 
x 2  

 x 
multiply Nr and Dr by ex

e x (e 2 x  1)  (e 2 x  1)  x (e 2 x  1) 2x  (e x  1)  x  1
Lim 2 x
Lim
= x 0 ( e  1)  2  =2· = 1 ans. ]
x 0 x ·e  x  2

e x x cos x  x log e (1  x )  x
Q.16 Let f(x) = , x  0. If f(x) is continuous at x = 0, then f (0) is equal
x2
to
(1*) 0 (2) 1 (3) – 1 (4) 2
e x cos x  ln (1  x )  1
[Sol.436/lcd/SC Clearly, f (0)  Lim f ( x )  Lim
x 0 x0 x

e x (cos x  1)  (e x  1)  ln (1  x )
= Lim
x 0 x

e x (cos x  1) (e x  1) ln (1  x )
= Lim  Lim  Lim = 0 + 1 – 1 = 0. Ans.
x 0 x x0 x x 0 x

e x cos x  ln (1  x )  1
Aliter: Clearly, f (0)  Lim f ( x )  Lim
x 0 x0 x

 x1 x 2   x2 x4   2 3 
1    ....  1    ....    x  x  x  ....  1
 1! 2 !   2! 4!   2 3 
Lim     
=
x0 x

1 1 1
(1  1)  ( x  x )      x 2  terms containing higher powers of x
= Lim 2 2 2 = 0. Ans.]
x0 x

SET A/5
 e{x}  {x}  1
Q.17 Lim is equal to
x n  {x}2
[where n  I and {y} represents fractional part function of y.]
1
(1) (2*) e – 2 (3) n (4) does not exist
2

e x ( n 1)  x  (n  1)   1 e  (1)  1
[Sol. Limit = Lim = = e – 2 Ans. ]
x n x  (n  1)2 (1)2

Q.18 Let f be twice derivable function on R such that f (0) = 1, f '(0) = 0 and f "(0) = –1, then for a 
x
  a 
R, Lim f    is equal to
x    x  

2 2
a 2  a4  a2 2
(1) e (2) e (3*) e (4) e 2a
 a 
f 1
Lim 
x
x   a   x  1
  a  Lim x  f   1
x    x  
[Sol. Lim f    = e = e x
x    x  

 a 
f  1 0
 x  
l = Lim  form 
x  1 0 
x

 a  1  3 a  a 
f ' a  x 2 f ' 
 x 2 2  x
= Lim = Lim
x  1 x  1
2
x x

a  a  1  3
f "  a  x 2
2  x 2 a2  a2
= Lim = f "(0) =
x   1 23 2 2
x
2
2
 a2
 Given limit = e Ans. ]

1
Q.19 Lim (lnx ) e
x is
x e 

1
(1*) ee (2) ee (3) e–2 (4) e–1
[Hint:418/lcd/SC x = e + h  1
1 ln 1 ( h e )  1
ln eh )1
Lim ln (e  h ) 1 h = e h 0 h
Lim Lim
e ·( h e )
h 0
e h 0
= ee Ans.

SET A/6
 x, if x is rational
Q.20 If f(x) = 1  x , if x is irrational , then the number of points for x  R, where y = f f ( x )  is

discontinuous, is
(1*) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) infinitely many
f ( x ), f ( x )  Q  x, x Q
[Sol. f f ( x )  = 1  f ( x ), f ( x )  Q = 1  (1  x ), x  Q
 
 f f ( x )  = x  x  R
 f f ( x )  is always continuous. ]

2  1
Q.21 If  and  be such that the equation 4cosec  x2 – 2x +  2     = 0 has real roots and the
 2
function f defined as

 2
 a (1  x sin x )  b cos x  1  4 sin  ; x  0
 x2
 2
f(x) = 2(sin   ); x0
 1

1  cx  dx  ;
3 x
x0
 x 2 
  

is continuous at x = 0, then |a+b+c|=

Ans: 5
2
  2 1
[Sol. D = 4 – 4 · 4cosec       0
 2

2  1 1
2
4cosec          1
 2  4 

1
 cosec2  = 1, =  2(sin2  + ) = 3 and 1 + 4 sin2  = 5
2

 x3   x2 
a  a  x      b1      5
 3!   2! 
Lim 2
x 0 x

 b
(a  b  5)  x 2  a    
 2
= Lim 2

x 0 x
a + b + 5 = 0  a + b = –5
b
a+ = –3  2a + b = – 6
2
 a = –1, b = – 4
 c dx 2  1 dx 2  c
Lim   Lim
  x x 2
x 0   x 0 x
e =e  c = 0, d = ln 3 ]

SET A/7
Q.22 If the range of the function f (x) = 8(sin4x + cos4x – sin x cos x)  x  R is [a, b] then find the value
1
 1 1 
 (3x  b  1)  (b  1) 3
3 
of  Lim  [Ans. 4]
 x a x a 
 

 1 2 1 
[Sol. f (x) = 1  sin 2 x  sin 2 x  = 9 – (2 sin 2x + 1)2
 2 2 
 Range is [0, 9]  a = 0, b = 9

 1

1   3 x 3 
  1    1  1
(3x  8) 3  2 8 
 Lim = Lim 2   =  L–1 = 4 Ans.]
x 0 x x 0
 x  4
 
 

 x  e x  cos x
 2
; x0
 x
Q.23 Consider a function f defined by f(x) =  ax  b ; 0  x 1
 x 2  2px  1
 2 ; 1 x  3
 x  5x  4
if f is continuous in (– , 3] then find the value of (a + b + p)
[Ans. 1]
[[Link] Using continuity at x = 0
1  x  e x  cos x  1
Lim = b  b = –1
x 0  x2
Using continuity at x = 1
x 2  2px  1 0
Lim =a–1 for   from p = 1
x 1 ( x  1)( x  4) 0
 a–1=0  a=1
 a + b + p = 1 Ans.]

x
 1 1 1

Q24 The value of Lim  2 x  3 x  5 x  equals
x 0
 
Ans: 5
x
 2 x  3 x 
1 1

Lim 5       1 = 5
x 0  5   5  
 

Q25 If f (x) = sgn (x2 + ax + 1) has exactly one point of discontinuity,then a2 can be
Ans:4
 f(x) = sgn (x2 + ax + 1) has exactly one point of discontinuity
 x2 + ax + 1 = 0 must have equal root.
 a2 – 4 = 0  a = ±2 ]

SET A/8