Here are the answers to the questions (88–120) based on the provided cheat sheet and
image.
88. Write short notes on [Link]() and [Link]() functions.
● [Link]():
○ This is a function that returns a random floating-point value1.
○ The value returned is in the range of 0 to less than 1 ($0 <= randomNumber < 1$)2.
○ Example: [Link]([Link]());3.
● [Link]():
○ This function always rounds a number up to the next largest integer4.
○ It takes a decimal/float number as input and returns an integer.
○ Example: [Link]([Link](95.90)); // Output: 965.
89. Explain with examples the difference between loose equality (==)
and strict equality (===) in JavaScript.
● Loose Equality (==):
○ It compares values for equality but does not compare types6.
○ It performs type conversion if necessary before comparing.
○ Example: [Link](2 == "2"); // true7.
● Strict Equality (===):
○ It compares values for equality including their types8.
○ It returns false if the values are the same but types are different.
○ Example: [Link](2 === "2"); // false9.
90. What is the use of conditional statements in JavaScript?
● Conditional statements allow you to execute a specific block of code only when a specific
condition is true10.
● They help in decision-making within the code logic.
● The most common form is the if...else statement11.
● If the initial condition is false, the code can skip to an else if or else block12121212.
91. Write an example using if...else to check whether a number is even
or odd.
● The conditional statement checks if the number is divisible by 2.
● Code Example:
JavaScript
let number = 10;
if (number % 2 === 0) {
[Link]("Even"); // Executed if true
} else {
[Link]("Odd"); // Executed if false
}
(Note: Syntax based on 13)
92. Write short notes on any two primitive data types in JavaScript.
● Primitive Types are one of the main value categories in JavaScript14.
● Number:
○ All numbers in JavaScript belong to the Number type15.
○ Example: let a = 900;16.
● String:
○ This represents a stream of characters17.
○ Strings must be enclosed with Single quotes, Double quotes, or Backticks18.
○ Example: let message = "Hello";19.
93. Demonstrate the use of typeof() operator with examples.
● The typeof() operator is used to find the data type of a specific value or variable20.
● It returns the type as a string (e.g., "number", "string").
● Example:
JavaScript
let a = 900;
[Link](typeof a); // Output: number
let b = "Hello";
[Link](typeof b); // Output: string
21
94. What is the role of the getElementById() method?
● It is a DOM method used to select a specific HTML element22.
● It looks for an element that matches a specific id attribute provided as an argument23.
● This is often the entry point for manipulating the DOM24.
● Example: [Link]("headingElement");25.
95. How is the onclick event used to manipulate an element’s content
in JavaScript?
● The onclick event occurs when a user clicks on an HTML element26.
● A function name is usually assigned to the HTML onclick attribute to handle the event27.
● Inside the function, you can change content using properties like textContent.
● Example:
JavaScript
// In HTML: <button onclick="changeText()">Click Me</button>
function changeText() {
[Link]("myText").textContent = "New Content";
}
28282828
96. Write the steps to declare and assign a variable in JavaScript.
● Declaration: Variables are created using the let keyword29.
○ Example: let message;30.
● Assignment: Data is put into variables using the assignment operator (=)31.
○ Example: message = "Hello Rahul";32.
● Combined: You can do both in one step.
○ Example: let message = "Hello Rahul";33.
97. What is object destructuring? Give an example.
● Note: This specific topic is not explicitly covered in the provided cheat sheet, but here is
the standard basic answer.
● Object destructuring is a syntax that allows you to unpack properties from objects into
distinct variables.
● It simplifies extracting data.
● Example:
JavaScript
let person = { name: "Rahul", age: 25 };
let { name, age } = person;
[Link](name); // Output: Rahul
98. Explain with code how a function can be a value of an object
property.
● In JavaScript, object properties can hold functions. These are often called methods.
● Example:
JavaScript
let person = {
name: "Rahul",
greet: function() {
[Link]("Hello");
}
};
[Link](); // Output: Hello
(Inferred from general object and function syntax in the PDF).
99. Differentiate between dot notation and bracket notation with
examples.
● Dot Notation (.):
○ Used when you know the exact name of the property.
○ Standard way to access properties.
○ Example: [Link]
● Bracket Notation ([]):
○ Used when the property name is stored in a variable or contains special characters
(like spaces).
○ Example: person["name"]
(Note: The PDF uses Dot notation for DOM properties like .[Link] 34and Bracket
notation for Arrays 35).
100. How can you add a new property gender with value "Male" to an
existing object?
● You can add a new property by simply assigning a value to a new key on the object.
● Syntax: [Link] = value;
● Example:
JavaScript
let person = { name: "Rahul" };
[Link] = "Male";
[Link]([Link]); // Output: Male
101. Write the syntax and example for [Link]() and
appendChild().
● createElement():
○ Creates a new HTML element via JavaScript36.
○ Syntax/Example: let h1Element = [Link]("h1");37.
● appendChild():
○ Appends (adds) an element inside another element38.
○ Syntax/Example: [Link](h1Element);39.
102. Explain how to dynamically add and remove class names in an
element using JavaScript.
● Adding a class:
○ Use the [Link]() method40.
○ It provides class names dynamically to an element41.
○ Example: [Link]("font-bold");42.
● Removing a class:
○ Use the [Link]() method43.
○ It removes class names dynamically44.
○ Example: [Link]("underline");45.
103. What is the purpose of the splice() method? Explain with one
code example.
● The splice() method changes the contents of an array46.
● It can be used for removing, replacing, or adding items47.
● Example (Removing items):
JavaScript
let myArray = [1, 2, 3, 4];
// Syntax: [Link](Start Index, Delete Count)
[Link](2, 2);
// Removes 2 items starting from index 2
48
104. Explain the working of the join() method with syntax and
example.
● The join() method creates and returns a new string49.
● It concatenates (joins) all items in an array, separated by a specified separator50.
● Example:
JavaScript
let fruits = ["Apple", "Banana"];
let joinedString = [Link](", ");
// Output: "Apple, Banana"
51
105. Write a JavaScript example to modify an array element.
● Array items are modified by accessing their index and assigning a new value.
● Example:
JavaScript
let myArray = [5, "six", 2];
myArray[1] = 6; // Changes "six" to 6
[Link](myArray); // [5, 6, 2]
52
106. What is the difference between .push() and .pop() methods?
Illustrate with code.
● push():
○ Adds new items to the end of the array53.
○ Example: [Link](true);54.
● pop():
○ Removes the last item of an array55.
○ Returns the item that was removed56.
○ Example: let lastItem = [Link]();57.
107. What is a callback function? Write one example where a function
is passed as an argument.
● A callback function is a function that is passed as an argument to another function58.
● Example:
JavaScript
function displayGreeting(displayName) {
displayName(); // Calling the passed function
}
displayGreeting(function() {
[Link]("Rahul");
});
59595959
108. Differentiate between passing a function name and a function
expression as a callback.
● Function Name:
○ You define the function separately and pass only its name as the argument.
○ Example: displayGreeting(displayRahul);60.
● Function Expression:
○ You assign a function to a variable and pass that variable.
○ Example:
JavaScript
let displayRam = function() { [Link]("Ram"); };
displayGreeting(displayRam);
61616161
.
109. Write code to demonstrate how setTimeout() and clearTimeout()
work together.
● setTimeout() schedules a function to run after a delay. clearTimeout() cancels it before it
runs.
● Code:
JavaScript
let uniqueId = setTimeout(function() {
[Link]("This will not run");
}, 1000);
// Cancel the schedule immediately using the ID
clearTimeout(uniqueId);
62626262
110. Write syntax and example of addEventListener() method.
● This is the modern approach to handle events in JavaScript63.
● Syntax: [Link](event, function);64.
● Example:
JavaScript
let greetBtn = [Link]("greetBtn");
[Link]("click", function() {
[Link]("Hi Rahul");
});
65
111. Explain the working of AND (&&), OR (||), and NOT (!) operators
with code.
● AND (&&): Returns true only if both values are true66.
○ Code: true && true is true.
● OR (||): Returns true if either value is true67.
○ Code: true || false is true.
● NOT (!): Returns true if the value is not true (inverts value)68.
○ Code: !true is false.
112. What is the purpose of the event object? Explain its type and
target properties with examples.
● Purpose: The event object is created by the browser when an event happens to hold
information about that event69.
● [Link]:
○ Contains the type of event (e.g., "keydown")70.
○ Example: [Link]([Link]);71.
● [Link]:
○ Contains the HTML element that triggered the event72.
○ Example: [Link]([Link]);73.
113. What are Web Resources? Explain different types with examples.
● Definition: Web resources are any data that can be obtained via the internet74.
● Types:
○ HTML: Structure of the page.
○ CSS: Styling of the page.
○ JSON: Data format.
○ Media: Images and Videos.
* 75
114. Explain the structure of a URL with an example. Identify each
part.
● A URL is a text string specifying where a resource is found76.
● Syntax: protocol://domainName/path?query-parameters77.
● Parts:
1. Protocol: Standard rules for communication (e.g., HTTP, HTTPS)78.
2. Domain Name: Indicates which web server is requested79.
3. Path: Identifies the specific resource on the server80.
4. Query Parameters: Adds criteria to the request using &81.
115. What is HTTP? Explain its request and response components.
● HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol): These are messages sent by the client to initiate
action on a server82.
● Request Components:
○ Start Line: URL, Method, Version83.
○ Headers: Additional info84.
○ Body: Data sent to server85.
● Response Components:
○ Status Line: Version, Status Code, Status Text86.
○ Headers: Response info87.
○ Body: The resource data requested88.
116. Explain HTTPS and write two major differences from HTTP.
● HTTPS: It is a protocol and part of the standard set of rules for electronic device
communication89.
● Differences (Based on general knowledge as cheat sheet is a summary):
1. Security: HTTPS is secure (encrypted), while HTTP is not.
2. Data Safety: HTTPS protects data integrity during transfer, HTTP sends data in plain
text.
117. Describe different input element types used in HTML forms and
their applications.
● Text: <input type="text"/> - Default input for text90.
● Password: <input type="password"/> - Secure way to enter passwords91.
● Search: <input type="search"/> - Designed for search queries92.
● Radio: <input type="radio"/> - Used to select one option from a list93.
118. Write short notes on GET and POST methods with syntax
examples.
● GET Method:
○ Used to request resources from a server94.
○ Syntax Example: method: "GET" in fetch options95.
● POST Method:
○ Used to submit data to a server96.
○ It includes a body with data.
○ Syntax Example: method: "POST" in fetch options97.
119. Explain the working of the preventDefault() method with an
example in a form submission.
● The preventDefault() method prevents the browser's default action from happening98.
● In forms, it stops the page from reloading upon submission.
● Example:
JavaScript
[Link]("submit", function(event) {
[Link](); // Stops reload
});
99
120. Describe the structure and purpose of the <select> and <option>
elements in HTML.
● <select> Element:
○ It is used to create a drop-down list100.
○ Structure: <select> ... </select>101.
● <option> Element:
○ It creates the individual menu items inside the list102.
○ The text content is the label, and it usually has a value attribute103.
○ Structure: <option value="Active">Active</option>104.