Class: VI
Computer
Oxford Computer Whiz – 6
Tarib Ahmed
Planner: 1st Term
(May – September 2024)
Chapter 1: Computer Devices
Hardware and
Software Page 1 – 15
Chapter 2: System Software and
Operating System
Page 16 – 27
COMPUTER DEVICES
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
SHORT QUESTION ANSWERS
Q1. List the five categories of hardware with examples.
ANS: Hardware devices can be divided into five categories.
1. Input devices (E.g mouse, keyboard, scanner)
2. Output devices (E.g monitor, speaker, printer)
3. Storage devices (E.g RAM, ROM, USB, CD)
4. Processing devices (E.g CPU, GPU)
5. Networking devices (E.g router, modem)
Q2. What are the functions of microphone and a speaker?
ANS: FUNCTIONS OF MICROPHONE: Microphones are used to
record sound data from the user and transfer it to the
computer.
FUNCTIONS OF SPEAKER: Speaker converts electrical
signal into sound wave that provide audio output for
devices.
Q3. Name the hardware components of a computer system?
ANS: HARDWARE COMPONENTS:
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
[Link]
Q4. Write the full forms of the following abbreviations.
RAM: Random Access Memory
CPU: Central Processing Memory
ICT: Information And Communication Technology
ROM: Read Only Memory
HDMI: High Definition Multimedia Interface
ALU: Arithmetic Logic Unit
USB: Universal Serial Bus
CD-ROM: Compact Disk Read Only Memory
VGA: Video Graphics Assay
LONG QUESTION ANSWERS
Q1. Describe the major characteristics of input hardware using
examples.
ANS: Input hardware devices allows user to interact with
and provide data to a computer system. Some major
characteristics of input hardware using examples:
1. KEYBOARD: It is used for text input.
Example: typing a document or email.
2. MOUSE: It is used for pointing, clicking and navigation.
Example: selecting icons, scrolling
3. SCANNER: It is used for image capturing and
digitalization.
Example: scanning a photo or document.
4. JOYSTICK: It is used for game control and motion input.
Example: playing video games.
Q2. Describe the major characteristics of output hardware with
examples.
ANS: Output hardware devices receive data from a
computer system and present it to the user in a usable
form. Here are some major characteristics of output
hardware using examples:
1. MONITOR: It is used for visual display and image output.
Example: displaying text, images and videos on a
screen.
2. PRINTER: It is used for physical document output, text
and image printing.
Example: printing document, text and images.
3. SPEAKER: It is used for the audio output.
Example: listening music, watching movies and videos.
Q3. What is the function of processing hardware?
ANS: The processing hardware also known as (CPU), takes data
and instructions from either the input device or storage
devices and processes this data into information. This
information is stored in a storage device. C.P.U is the
brain of computer used to perform calculations and other
commands.
Q4. How does the storage hardware work?
ANS. Storage hardware like hard drives or SSDs works to
receive and retrain electronic data. These devices store
data in the system. This data can be retrieved by
applications and users when required. Hard disk drive
(HDD) and external storage drives are the most
used storage devices.
Q5. Write any four differences between hardware and
software.
ANS:
Hardware Software
1. Physical parts of computer 1. A set of instructions that
that are used for input, perform a particular task
storage, output or and fulfill a particular
processing. requirement.
2. It can be touched 2. Software cannot be touched
physically. physically.
3. It requires physical space to 3. The software requires
be stored. memory and no physical
space to be stored.
4. It cannot be electronically 4. It can be electronically
transferred. transferred.
ALL THE EXERCISES OF BOOK ARE INCLUDED.
SYSTEM SOFTWARE AND OPERATING SYSTEM
SHORT QUESTION ANSWERS
Q1. Define an operating system.
ANS: Operating system is a system software that manages the
computer’s memory, processes and all of its software and
hardware. It ensures the program run smoothly and
efficiently.
Q2. Name some popular operating systems for computers and
smartphones.
ANS: COMPUTERS:
Microsoft Windows
Mac OS
Linux OS
SMARTPHONES:
Android
iOS
Q3. Differentiate between kernel and device driver.
ANS:
THE KERNAL DEVICE DRIVER
1. The kernel controls the 1. Device drivers are used to
communication between handle input and output
software and hardware. device.
2. It manages the file system. 2. It provides software
interface to hardware
devices.
3. It makes sure no program 3. Device driver allow the
interfere in operation of the kernel to communicate with
other program. a specific hardware.
Q4. What happens when a new hardware is connected to a
running PC?
ANS: When a new hardware device e.g a new printer is
connected to a computer its driver will either be updated
or installed from manufacturer’s website of printer.
Q5. Write any four differences between popular Operating
Systems.
ANS:
WINDOWS LINUX OS
1. Windows is a paid 1. Linux OS is an open source
operating system. operating system.
2. Windows uses a Graphic 2. Linux OS offers both GUI and
User Interface (GUI). Command Line Interface.
3. Windows requires a 3. Many distributions of Linux
license to use. are free to use.
4. It offers limited 4. It offers a high level of
modification options. modification options.
LONG QUESTION ANSWERS
Q1. How does an operating system controls the access of the
computer?
ANS: Operating system is a system software that manages the
computer’s memory, processes and all of its software and
hardware. It allocates computer resource to ensure that
the programs run smoothly and efficiently. It makes sure
that all the parts are working together correctly.
Q2. Why cannot a computer function without an operating
system?
ANS: A computer cannot function without an operating system
because the OS manages hardware and software
interactions. It provides an organized environment for
software programs to run, allocates memory, manages
files and enable user interactions.
Q3. What are some of the reasons of the popularity of android
devices?
ANS: The reasons for the popularity of android devices are:
1. Android is developed by Google and has a modified
open –source license.
2. Android primarily uses a touch-based GUI designed for
mobile phones.
3. Android has a large app store, Google Play store, with a
wide collection of apps.
Q4. Describe the features of the following operating systems.
A. Windows B. Android C. mac OS
ANS: WINDOWS:
Windows is the most popular operating system developed
by Microsoft. It is widely used due to its ease of use. The
main feature of MS Windows are Start menu, Task
manager, control panel, a recycle bin.
Mac OS:
Mac OS is an another popular operating system developed
by Apple and purchased by users. It was specifically
developed for Apple Macintosh computers. It is known for
its performance, duable software and secure software, but
its cost is very high.
ANDROID:
Android is the most common OS for smartphones. It is
popular due to its free availability and ability to customize
for various mobile companies e.g Samsung, Huawei, Oppo.
It uses touch based (GUI).
Q5. Why would a desktop operating system not work for
mobile phones?
ANS: A desktop operating system won’t work on a mobile
because it is designed for larger screens, more powerful
processors and different input methods making it
incompatible with the smaller, portable and touch based
nature of mobiles.