Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
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ScribdTranslationsPiaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
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ScribdTranslationsExperimental psychologist, philosopher,
Swiss biologist, creator of the
genetic epistemology and famous
for his/her contributions in the field of
developmental psychology.
He developed studies on the
childhood and its theory of
cognitive development.
JEAN WILLIAM FRITZ
PIAGET (1896-1980)
COGNITION
Mental deconstructions
Schemes
Scheme
An organized pattern of
thought or behavior
They change with age
They allow generating new ones
knowledge
Adaptation
Intellectual function that enables change of
schemes
Construction of schemes through the
direct experience
Assimilation Accommodation
Assimilation
Process by which the subject interprets the
information that comes from the medium in function
of those conceptual structures
Examples
• A boy sees a zebra for the first time, and he names it a horse, a
animal more familiar to its order of experiences.
• When we start to learn a new language, we use
reference the one we already handle to 'translate' everything into schemas
already conceived mentally.
• A child receives a bottle for the first time and immediately
try to suck it, as the experience with the maternal nipple has
prepared to relate to the object (with almost everything in
reality) in that way.
Accommodation
It requires the modification of existing schemes for
respond to a new situation.
It also implies an assimilation or reinterpretation of the
previous data or knowledge based on the new ones
established schemes
Examples
• The same child who sees the zebra for the first time, it becomes clear to him.
that it is another animal, and the little one learns to distinguish it from
the horses, incorporating a new learning.
• When we learn a new language, its mental structures
they are commonly handled and we do not need to 'translate' the thought into
a previous language, but we can develop thought
directly in the new.
• The same child with the bottle eventually learns to
holding it to be able to suck it, something that I shouldn't do with the breast
maternal, incorporating a difference to similar objects.
Sensorimotor 2. Preoperative (from 2 to 7)
(birth to approximately 2 years) approximately years
Stages of development
cognitive
3. Of the operations 4. Of formal operations
concrete (ages 7 to 11) (from 12 years old onwards)
approximately)
Etapa sensorio-motriz (0-2 años)
Coordination of sensory information and the
motor responses.
Development of the permanence of the object
Division into 6 sub-stages.
Children understand the world through actions that
innate reflections will give way to
increasingly complex schemes.
Preoperational stage (2-7 years)
Development of symbolic thinking.
Egocentrism.
Child can use representations
(thought) instead of open actions
to solve problems.
Etapa de Operaciones Concretas (7-12
years)
Mental operations applied to events
concretes.
Hierarchical classification.
With the arrival of operations, child acquires a
system of internal mental actions
necessary for the logical resolution of
problems.
Stage of Formal Operations (12 years)
henceforth
Mental operations applied to ideas
abstract
Logical and orderly thinking.
The new development operations lead to the
capacity for hypothetical reasoning
deductive.
Some criticisms of Piaget's theory
Piaget did not distinguish between competence and performance.
Failing a test does not necessarily mean that you do not
they have acquired the underlying cognitive requirements for that
test; there are other aspects such as motivation,
familiarity with the task... that influences performance.
Piaget paid very little attention to influences
social and cultural.
I ignored these aspects, considering the child as an organism.
biological that develops in a decontextualized manner.