DANIEL ALCIDES HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTE

CARRIÓN
SPECIALTY
CLINICAL LABORATORY AND PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY

DIAGNOSIS OF INTESTINAL PARASITES:

AMEBIASIS

➣ CURSO :METODOS Y TECNICAS DEL ESTUDIO PARASITOLOGICO

➣ DOCENTE : JOSUE TASAYCO

➣ AUTOR:HENRY CARCAUSTO GRASA

ARACELY YACHI
CELESTE ROJAS
ANA CACERES
MARIZA GOMEZ
NILTON VELARDE

Lima, Peru

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Content
ENTEROBIUS VERMICULARIS, ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES............................................................3
1 INTRODUCTION
2 OBJECTIVES..............................................................................................................................3
3 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK....................................................................................................................4
3.1 PINWORMS:........................................................................................................................4
3.2 ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES:................................................................................................4
4 MATERIALS AND INSTRUMENTS.............................................................................................5
5 PROCEDURES.............................................................6
5.1 ENTEROBIUS VERMICULARIS
5.2 ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES.................................................................................................6
6 CONCLUSIONS......................................................................................................................6
7 ANNEXES...............................................................................................................7
...........................................................................................................................................................8
...........................................................................................................................................................8
...........................................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES......................................................................................................................................9
Bibliography
10

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 ENTEROBIUS VERMICULARIS, ASCARIS
LUMBRICOIDES

1 INTRODUCCION

Intestinal parasitic infections cause a significant number of infestations in children.

in our country. The most common parasites in our environment are: giardia, pinworms, and to a lesser extent

grade, ascaris; however, in recent decades, pediatricians have observed an increase in

number of cases and less common parasites, due to the increase of children from lower resources
Intestinal parasites are living beings, either unicellular or multicellular, that feed on their host.

guest, who are mainly children, causing a series of repercussions

in their health (2). Infections by intestinal parasites are determined by
economic and social development processes, and in low-income countries are a serious
public health problem due to its high prevalence, as it affects individuals of
at all ages and generate medical complications. Despite their high morbidity, their low
mortality has hindered recognition as an important problem, resulting in
the underestimation of its severity; in addition, in specific cases such as the
Helminthiasis aggravates the problem due to its endemicity and chronicity.

To reduce the incidence of infectious diseases transmitted via the fecal-oral route to
through water, it is important to improve its quality and availability, as well as
the waste elimination systems and general hygiene. In this regard, it
attributes the origin of high incidences of gastrointestinal and parasitic diseases to
the deficiency in the quality of well water used for consumption.

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2 OBJETIVOS
Recognize and differentiate the morphology and stage of Enterobius vermicularis, Ascaris

lumbricoides.

Use the methods and procedures for laboratory diagnosis.

Use biosecurity measures for the procedure within the work area.

3 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

3.1 PINWORMS:

Enterobiasis is a group of parasitic conditions linked to circumstances

environmental, among the predominant symptoms they report itching 67.5%, abdominal disorder
60, 4%, sleep 32.6% and in the fecal samples they found 22.7%. In the oxyuriasis the
the etiological agent is Enterobius vermicularis, a nematode present in all climates,
primarily affects children, but also the adult population. There is no immunity to the
pinworms that increase with the age of the host and lead to resistance in adults,
There are factors that favor the spread of this parasite in children, the most common age
affected is between 2 and 15 years, there is no difference regarding race or gender. The
poor hygienic conditions, overcrowding in dormitories, the deficiency in washing
of hands, nail cleaning, changing clothes, and the absence of a bath are factors that
they favor the presence of this parasitosis. The most frequent way of contamination is through
through the hands.

By using the microscope, the morphology of these organisms can be identified.

different parasitic phases such as trophozoites, protozoan cysts, and eggs or larvae of
helminths in fecal samples. Regarding feces, it is required that
less one sample, collected in clean containers and stored in a cool place
to be in optimal condition for laboratory analysis. (4).

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 3.2 ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES:

Largest intestinal nematode, the adult worm: Males measure from 15 to 31 cm.
by 2 to 4 mm and has a curved tail. Females measure 20 to 35 cm by 3 to 6 mm and their
the neck is straight. The fertilized eggs, typically yellow-brown in color, with a shell
thick nipple-like; measuring from 55 to 75 micrometers by 35 to 50 micrometers; they are found in stage

unicellular when eliminated in feces. In some cases, the external nipple-like layer
albuminoid is absent (dehulled eggs), the unfertilized eggs are elongated from
85 to 95 One by 43 to 47 One and they have a thin covering, with the nipple-like layer that
varies from irregular lumps to a relatively smooth layer in which almost none are missing.
completely the nipples.

Its life cycle is direct, having only one host which is man. The cycle
it begins when the man ingests the embryonated eggs containing the larva
infective. Once in the host's intestine, the larvae are released from the egg and to
Through the circulatory torrent, they reach other organs such as the lungs and the heart.
the lungs, after going through several phases, migrate through the trachea to the mouth, where they are
swallowed and in the small intestine they become adults, which mate and after copulation
The female lays the eggs. The time that elapses from the ingestion of the egg until
the adult stage in the host is reached in 2 to 3 months. Adults can live for 1
After 2 years in the intestine, females can produce about 200,000 eggs daily.
that are eliminated with the host's feces. Outside, the eggs continue their
development and after a few weeks inside, the larva develops, egg
embryo.

4 MATERIALS AND INSTRUMENTS

Lugol

Microscope

Slide holder

Cover slips

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 Plastic pipette

Parasite pool (ENTEROBIUS VERMICULARIS

Parasite pool (ASCARES LUMBRICOIDES)

Gloves.

5 PROCEDURES

5.1 ENTEROBIUS VERMICULARIS

First, we vote to take the slide which we will observe with a plastic pipette.
pool of parasites (ENTEROBIUS VERMICULARIS). Once the pool is absorbed, we place it in the
slide, after that we will add a drop of lugol, after which we place the
covers.

Having prepared the slide with the cover slip, we take it to the microscope and observe.

5.2 ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES

First we vote to take the slide, which we will observe with a plastic pipette.
pool of parasites (ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES). Once the pool is absorbed, we place it in the
slide, after that we will add a drop of Lugol, after that we will place the
covers

Having prepared the sample with the cover slip, we take it to the microscope and observe.

6 CONCLUSIONES

E. vermicularis is a highly contagious worm with very biological properties.

particulars, which is transmitted "person-person" when presenting up to four possible
transmission mechanisms. E. gregorii is nothing more than an immature stage of E.
vermicularis, therefore, this last one is the only species of pinworm that parasitizes the tract
human gastrointestinal.

The diagnosis of the presence of pinworms is a very simple technique to perform.

non-invasive and cheap.

Ascaris lumbricoides is a highly infectious and invasive helminth, and its complications
they can be surgical and even fatal.

It occurs more frequently in preschool-age patients; as it progresses,

age is presented with less frequency.

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 By improving sanitary and hygiene conditions in developing countries,
they reduce the risk factors in the areas where this disease is common and can be
recommend a routine prophylactic treatment with anthelmintic medications.

Health education is one of the most effective preventive measures, including the
water purification.

7 APPENDICES

fig 1

Fig 2

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Fig 3

Fig 4

R
E
F
E
R
ENCIAS
Fig 5

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 1. Campuzano G. Clinical utility of peripheral blood smear: the
erythrocytes. Med Lab [Internet]. 2008;14(07–08):311–57. Available from:
[Link]

2. Maya G. Campuzano Clinical utility of peripheral blood smear: the

erythrocytes. Med Lab [Internet]. 2008;14(7–8):311–57. Available from:
[Link]

3. Ayala Castillo R. Prevalence of anemia in pregnant women who seek care for signs of
alarm at the emergency service of the National Hospital Archbishop Loayza of 1
June to November 30, 2016. Tesis Repository - UNMSM [Internet]. 2017;53.
Available from: [Link]

4. Terry Leonard NR, Mendoza Hernández C. Value of peripheral blood smear

as diagnostic guidance in hemolytic anemias. Medisur. 2019;17(5):706–
18.

Bibliography
CASTILLO, R. F. (2017).Prevalencia de anemia en gestantes .Lima, Perú : Cybertesis.

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d, T. L. (2015). Fronts of peripheral blood in the most common diseases. In L. d. Tarín,
Hematology. The blood and its diseases (pp. 1-13). Colombia: INTERAMERICANA
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j, R. B. (2014). INTRODUCTION TO THE EXAMINATION OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD SMEAR. Medical Publishing

Panama, 1 - 10.

j, R. B. (2014). INTRODUCTION TO THE EXAMINATION OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD SMEAR. Medical Editorial

Panama, 1 - 10.

Kosasi, M. A. (2020). Prevalence of anemia and iron profile in children and adolescents of low level
socioeconomic. International Journal of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 88-92.

Maya, G. C. (2008). Clinical utility of blood extension. Medellin Colombia: Medical Publisher
Colombiana S.A.

Tarud, A. J. (2016). Anemia de célulasfalciformes: una revisió[Link] Uninorte, 513-527.

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